Pharmacology - RNSG 1301 Final Study Guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g98t12
1. Compare & con- Mucolytics = helps clear mucus from lungs, sinuses, and nasal passages. Breaks
trast: down chemical bonds in mucus making it thinner.
mucolytics Decongestants = Provide short term relief from stuffy nose or nasal congestion.
decongestants Works by reducing swelling in the blood vessels of the nose which increases
expectorants airflow.
antihistamines Expectorants = Thin mucus and loosens secretions. Works by increasing respiratory
secretions at lower viscosity.
Antihistamines = treats conditions caused by histamine, a substance that causes
symptoms such as itching, stuffy nose, sneezing, etc.
H1: treats allergies/allergic reactions
H2: treat upper GI conditions
2. List important -Maintain serum level in therapeutic range. (5-15 mcg/mL) *Adverse effects relat-
nursing consider- ed to serum levels*
ations for theo- -Do NOT add in sol with other drugs.
phylline. -ER form PO on empty stomach, 1 hour before or 2 hours after meal.
-Take whole, do NOT chew or crush.
(Bronchodila- -Do NOT eat charbroiled meats, large amounts of pepper, or consume large
tor/Xanthine) amounts of cruciferous veggies because they interfere with the action of the drug.
-Supplement vitamin B6 to overcome depletion caused by the drug.
-Avoid alcohol, caffeine, St. John's Wort.
DO NOT TAKE WITH: Ketamine
Monitor: I&O, CXR, respiratory ease, pulse ox, K+, and Mg+ levels.
NOTE: Smokers metabolize drug more quickly; check serum levels.
3. List commonly NOTE: Mast cell stabilizers are better at preventing allergic symptoms than treating
prescribed mast them. They can take 2 to 5 days to become effective. Patients generally need to take
cell stabilizers them entire allergy season.
Cromolyn sodium: (eye drops) inhibits release of histamine and SRS-A.
, Pharmacology - RNSG 1301 Final Study Guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g98t12
and their mecha- Lodoxamide tromethamine: prevents calcium influx into mast cells; stabilizes
nisms of action. them.
Nedocromil sodium: interferes with release of leukotrienes and platelet activating
factor.
Ketotifen: An antihistamine that can also stabilize mast cells.
4. What disease -Diabetes mellitus
processes should -Cardiac arrhythmias
adrenergic bron- -Seizure disorders
chodilators be -Cardiovascular disease
used cautiously -Hypertension (HTN)
for? -Hyperthyroidism
-Pheochromocytoma (adrenal gland tumor)
Dopamine, -Hypersensitivity to bisulfites and adrenergic amines
Terbutaline,
Epinephrine Do NOT administer with: MAOI, ergot alkaloids (ergotamine), and some antide-
pressants because combination could result in HTN.
Epinephrine: May cause increase in blood glucose and serum lactic acid concen-
trations.
5. Which medica- SABAs (Short-acting beta-2 agonists)
tions are a
first-line treat- Albuterol (ProAir, Ventolin, ProVentil)
ment in acute
NOTE: Salmeterol also used sometimes.
bronchospasm in
asthma?
6. List adverse ef- CNS: headache
fects of corticos- EENT: cataracts, dysphonia, oropharyngeal fungal infections, pharyngitis, rhinitis,
teroids. sinusitis
RESP: bronchospasm, cough, wheezing
ENDO: adrenal suppression (increased dose, long-term therapy only)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g98t12
1. Compare & con- Mucolytics = helps clear mucus from lungs, sinuses, and nasal passages. Breaks
trast: down chemical bonds in mucus making it thinner.
mucolytics Decongestants = Provide short term relief from stuffy nose or nasal congestion.
decongestants Works by reducing swelling in the blood vessels of the nose which increases
expectorants airflow.
antihistamines Expectorants = Thin mucus and loosens secretions. Works by increasing respiratory
secretions at lower viscosity.
Antihistamines = treats conditions caused by histamine, a substance that causes
symptoms such as itching, stuffy nose, sneezing, etc.
H1: treats allergies/allergic reactions
H2: treat upper GI conditions
2. List important -Maintain serum level in therapeutic range. (5-15 mcg/mL) *Adverse effects relat-
nursing consider- ed to serum levels*
ations for theo- -Do NOT add in sol with other drugs.
phylline. -ER form PO on empty stomach, 1 hour before or 2 hours after meal.
-Take whole, do NOT chew or crush.
(Bronchodila- -Do NOT eat charbroiled meats, large amounts of pepper, or consume large
tor/Xanthine) amounts of cruciferous veggies because they interfere with the action of the drug.
-Supplement vitamin B6 to overcome depletion caused by the drug.
-Avoid alcohol, caffeine, St. John's Wort.
DO NOT TAKE WITH: Ketamine
Monitor: I&O, CXR, respiratory ease, pulse ox, K+, and Mg+ levels.
NOTE: Smokers metabolize drug more quickly; check serum levels.
3. List commonly NOTE: Mast cell stabilizers are better at preventing allergic symptoms than treating
prescribed mast them. They can take 2 to 5 days to become effective. Patients generally need to take
cell stabilizers them entire allergy season.
Cromolyn sodium: (eye drops) inhibits release of histamine and SRS-A.
, Pharmacology - RNSG 1301 Final Study Guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g98t12
and their mecha- Lodoxamide tromethamine: prevents calcium influx into mast cells; stabilizes
nisms of action. them.
Nedocromil sodium: interferes with release of leukotrienes and platelet activating
factor.
Ketotifen: An antihistamine that can also stabilize mast cells.
4. What disease -Diabetes mellitus
processes should -Cardiac arrhythmias
adrenergic bron- -Seizure disorders
chodilators be -Cardiovascular disease
used cautiously -Hypertension (HTN)
for? -Hyperthyroidism
-Pheochromocytoma (adrenal gland tumor)
Dopamine, -Hypersensitivity to bisulfites and adrenergic amines
Terbutaline,
Epinephrine Do NOT administer with: MAOI, ergot alkaloids (ergotamine), and some antide-
pressants because combination could result in HTN.
Epinephrine: May cause increase in blood glucose and serum lactic acid concen-
trations.
5. Which medica- SABAs (Short-acting beta-2 agonists)
tions are a
first-line treat- Albuterol (ProAir, Ventolin, ProVentil)
ment in acute
NOTE: Salmeterol also used sometimes.
bronchospasm in
asthma?
6. List adverse ef- CNS: headache
fects of corticos- EENT: cataracts, dysphonia, oropharyngeal fungal infections, pharyngitis, rhinitis,
teroids. sinusitis
RESP: bronchospasm, cough, wheezing
ENDO: adrenal suppression (increased dose, long-term therapy only)
