ARDMS ECHO ANSWERS AND QUESTIONS SET A+
✔✔why might Cardiac Tamponade not have a RV diastolic collapse? - ✔✔due to
increased pressure on the right side of the heart from PHTN
✔✔most common cause of MS - ✔✔Rheumatic fever
✔✔MS murmur - ✔✔low pitched, diastolic "rumble" with an opening snap
✔✔M-mode characteristics of Mitral Stenosis - ✔✔decreased E-F slope, decreased MV
leaflet excursion, thickened MV leaflets, anterior motion of the posterior MV LEAFLET,
lAE
✔✔Normal MV pressure half time - ✔✔30-60msec
✔✔normal MV area - ✔✔4-6cm2
✔✔mild MS pressure half time - ✔✔90-150msec
✔✔mild MS MVA - ✔✔>1.5cm2
✔✔moderate MS pressure half time - ✔✔150-219msec
✔✔moderate MS MVA - ✔✔1.0-1.5cm2
✔✔severe MS pressure half time - ✔✔>or=220
✔✔Severe MS MVA - ✔✔<1.0cm2
✔✔Mitral regurgitation murmur - ✔✔is a holosystolic murmur that radiates to the axilla. it
may be described as a blowing or high pitched murmur
✔✔long standing MR leads to - ✔✔PHTN
, ✔✔Aortic Valve notching (partial systolic closure) is a sign of - ✔✔mitral regurgitation
✔✔PISA is used to determine - ✔✔the effective orifice and the regurtant volume
✔✔The abnormal pulmonary vein waveform displays a reversed "s" wave and an
increased "d" wave. This is know as pulmonary venous systolic reversal. These findings
indicate - ✔✔severe MR
✔✔The abnormal pulmonary vein waveform displays a decreased "s" wave and an
increased "d" wave. These findings indicate - ✔✔moderate to severe MR
✔✔The normal pulmonary vein displays a systolic component the is (smaller,larger)
than the diastolic component. - ✔✔larger
✔✔MVP murmur - ✔✔mid systolic click with late systolic murmur
✔✔AS murmur - ✔✔is a systolic cresendo decrescendp murmur best heard at the right
upper sternal borser that may radiate up to the carotids
✔✔M-mode bicuspid AS - ✔✔eccentric closure, thickened cusp
✔✔mild AS max PG - ✔✔16-36mmhg
✔✔Mild AS peak velocity - ✔✔<3.0m/sec
✔✔mild AS AVA - ✔✔>1.5cm2
✔✔moderate AS max pg - ✔✔36-50mmhg
✔✔moderate AS peak velocity - ✔✔3.0-4.0m/sec
✔✔moderate AS AVA - ✔✔1.0-1.5cm2
✔✔severe AS max pg - ✔✔>64mmhg
✔✔severe AS peak velocity - ✔✔>4.0m/sec
✔✔severe AS AVA - ✔✔<1.0cm2
✔✔AI murmur - ✔✔creates a high- pitched, blowing, diastolic descrescendo murmur at
the left sternal border
✔✔why might Cardiac Tamponade not have a RV diastolic collapse? - ✔✔due to
increased pressure on the right side of the heart from PHTN
✔✔most common cause of MS - ✔✔Rheumatic fever
✔✔MS murmur - ✔✔low pitched, diastolic "rumble" with an opening snap
✔✔M-mode characteristics of Mitral Stenosis - ✔✔decreased E-F slope, decreased MV
leaflet excursion, thickened MV leaflets, anterior motion of the posterior MV LEAFLET,
lAE
✔✔Normal MV pressure half time - ✔✔30-60msec
✔✔normal MV area - ✔✔4-6cm2
✔✔mild MS pressure half time - ✔✔90-150msec
✔✔mild MS MVA - ✔✔>1.5cm2
✔✔moderate MS pressure half time - ✔✔150-219msec
✔✔moderate MS MVA - ✔✔1.0-1.5cm2
✔✔severe MS pressure half time - ✔✔>or=220
✔✔Severe MS MVA - ✔✔<1.0cm2
✔✔Mitral regurgitation murmur - ✔✔is a holosystolic murmur that radiates to the axilla. it
may be described as a blowing or high pitched murmur
✔✔long standing MR leads to - ✔✔PHTN
, ✔✔Aortic Valve notching (partial systolic closure) is a sign of - ✔✔mitral regurgitation
✔✔PISA is used to determine - ✔✔the effective orifice and the regurtant volume
✔✔The abnormal pulmonary vein waveform displays a reversed "s" wave and an
increased "d" wave. This is know as pulmonary venous systolic reversal. These findings
indicate - ✔✔severe MR
✔✔The abnormal pulmonary vein waveform displays a decreased "s" wave and an
increased "d" wave. These findings indicate - ✔✔moderate to severe MR
✔✔The normal pulmonary vein displays a systolic component the is (smaller,larger)
than the diastolic component. - ✔✔larger
✔✔MVP murmur - ✔✔mid systolic click with late systolic murmur
✔✔AS murmur - ✔✔is a systolic cresendo decrescendp murmur best heard at the right
upper sternal borser that may radiate up to the carotids
✔✔M-mode bicuspid AS - ✔✔eccentric closure, thickened cusp
✔✔mild AS max PG - ✔✔16-36mmhg
✔✔Mild AS peak velocity - ✔✔<3.0m/sec
✔✔mild AS AVA - ✔✔>1.5cm2
✔✔moderate AS max pg - ✔✔36-50mmhg
✔✔moderate AS peak velocity - ✔✔3.0-4.0m/sec
✔✔moderate AS AVA - ✔✔1.0-1.5cm2
✔✔severe AS max pg - ✔✔>64mmhg
✔✔severe AS peak velocity - ✔✔>4.0m/sec
✔✔severe AS AVA - ✔✔<1.0cm2
✔✔AI murmur - ✔✔creates a high- pitched, blowing, diastolic descrescendo murmur at
the left sternal border
