ARDMS ECHO ACTUAL FINALS ANSWERS AND
QUESTIONS SET A+
✔✔Where do most aortic coarctations occur? - ✔✔After the take-off of the left
subclavian artery, or within the aortic isthmus
✔✔Given a mitral deceleration time of 400 m/sec calculate the mitral valve pressure
half-time: - ✔✔116
✔✔Where are the pulmonary veins located? - ✔✔Right and left superior (upper)
pulmonary veins inferior to the LV
NOTE: Can be seen on apical 4 chamber w/ inferior angulation.
✔✔Carcinoid-vs-Rheumatic: - ✔✔Carcinoid=fixed body of the leaflets
Rheumatic=tethered leaflet tips
✔✔From the Apical 4ch view how do you rotate the transducer to obtain the Apical
LAX? - ✔✔Couterclockwise 120 degrees
✔✔Which anomaly goes with aortic dissection? - ✔✔Marfan syndrome
✔✔Where is the coronary sinus located? - ✔✔Posterior to the AV groove
✔✔What kind of murmur would you hear in a patient with a rupture of a sinus of
Valsalva aneurysm? - ✔✔Continuous
✔✔To visualize the CS in the AP4Ch view, you should tilt the transducer? -
✔✔Posterior
✔✔What causes MV preclosure? - ✔✔an elevated LVEDP (end diastolic pressure)
✔✔Which valve sits at the opening of the coronary sinus? - ✔✔Thebsian
, ✔✔How would you calculate pulmonary artery end diastolic pressure? - ✔✔Pulmonic
insufficiency velocity
✔✔What portion of the pulmonary venous PW Doppler represents atrial systole? - ✔✔'a'
wave
✔✔What is the most common valvular abnormality associated with carcinoid syndrome?
- ✔✔Tricuspid regurgitation
✔✔At what temperature is it unsafe to use a TEE probe? - ✔✔40-50 degrees Celsius
✔✔Hepatic venous flow reversal indicates ------- TR. - ✔✔Severe
✔✔Which has the fastest intrinsic rate? - ✔✔SA node
✔✔A vena contract might be seen in which type of cardiomyopathy? - ✔✔Dilated
✔✔P wave - ✔✔Atrial systole
✔✔The greatest source of error in measuring PISA is with? - ✔✔Radius of the flow
convergence
✔✔P-R interval - ✔✔Includes P-R segment (from atrial to ventricular depolarization)
✔✔Which of the following is used in echo to measure dP/dt? - ✔✔Mitral regurgitation
✔✔QRS complex - ✔✔ventricular systole (depolarization)
✔✔dP/dt measurement of mitral regurgitation assesses what? - ✔✔LV systolic function
✔✔T wave - ✔✔ventrical diastole (depolarization)
✔✔Marfan Syndrome - ✔✔Congenital connective tissue disease causing aortic dilation
and MVP
✔✔What is the normal duration for the QRS complex? - ✔✔0.10 sec
✔✔In Marfan's syndrome why does aortic dissection and MVP occur? - ✔✔Decreased
fibrillin
QUESTIONS SET A+
✔✔Where do most aortic coarctations occur? - ✔✔After the take-off of the left
subclavian artery, or within the aortic isthmus
✔✔Given a mitral deceleration time of 400 m/sec calculate the mitral valve pressure
half-time: - ✔✔116
✔✔Where are the pulmonary veins located? - ✔✔Right and left superior (upper)
pulmonary veins inferior to the LV
NOTE: Can be seen on apical 4 chamber w/ inferior angulation.
✔✔Carcinoid-vs-Rheumatic: - ✔✔Carcinoid=fixed body of the leaflets
Rheumatic=tethered leaflet tips
✔✔From the Apical 4ch view how do you rotate the transducer to obtain the Apical
LAX? - ✔✔Couterclockwise 120 degrees
✔✔Which anomaly goes with aortic dissection? - ✔✔Marfan syndrome
✔✔Where is the coronary sinus located? - ✔✔Posterior to the AV groove
✔✔What kind of murmur would you hear in a patient with a rupture of a sinus of
Valsalva aneurysm? - ✔✔Continuous
✔✔To visualize the CS in the AP4Ch view, you should tilt the transducer? -
✔✔Posterior
✔✔What causes MV preclosure? - ✔✔an elevated LVEDP (end diastolic pressure)
✔✔Which valve sits at the opening of the coronary sinus? - ✔✔Thebsian
, ✔✔How would you calculate pulmonary artery end diastolic pressure? - ✔✔Pulmonic
insufficiency velocity
✔✔What portion of the pulmonary venous PW Doppler represents atrial systole? - ✔✔'a'
wave
✔✔What is the most common valvular abnormality associated with carcinoid syndrome?
- ✔✔Tricuspid regurgitation
✔✔At what temperature is it unsafe to use a TEE probe? - ✔✔40-50 degrees Celsius
✔✔Hepatic venous flow reversal indicates ------- TR. - ✔✔Severe
✔✔Which has the fastest intrinsic rate? - ✔✔SA node
✔✔A vena contract might be seen in which type of cardiomyopathy? - ✔✔Dilated
✔✔P wave - ✔✔Atrial systole
✔✔The greatest source of error in measuring PISA is with? - ✔✔Radius of the flow
convergence
✔✔P-R interval - ✔✔Includes P-R segment (from atrial to ventricular depolarization)
✔✔Which of the following is used in echo to measure dP/dt? - ✔✔Mitral regurgitation
✔✔QRS complex - ✔✔ventricular systole (depolarization)
✔✔dP/dt measurement of mitral regurgitation assesses what? - ✔✔LV systolic function
✔✔T wave - ✔✔ventrical diastole (depolarization)
✔✔Marfan Syndrome - ✔✔Congenital connective tissue disease causing aortic dilation
and MVP
✔✔What is the normal duration for the QRS complex? - ✔✔0.10 sec
✔✔In Marfan's syndrome why does aortic dissection and MVP occur? - ✔✔Decreased
fibrillin
