,NSG 122 Exam 4 Nursing Fundamental Concepts Questions And
Answers 2026/2027 HERZING UNIVERSITY
Q1. Which type of joint permits movement in multiple planes,
including flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation?
A) Ball-and-socket joint
B) Hinge joint
C) Pivot joint
D) Gliding joint
Correct Answer: A) Ball-and-socket joint
Rationale: Ball-and-socket joints, such as the shoulder and hip, permit
movement in multiple directions, including rotation.
Q2. Which movement decreases the angle between two bones?
A) Extension
B) Flexion
C) Abduction
D) Rotation
Correct Answer: B) Flexion
Rationale: Flexion decreases the angle between bones at a joint, whereas
extension increases the angle.
Q3. Which movement takes a body part away from the midline?
A) Adduction
B) Flexion
C) Abduction
D) Extension
Correct Answer: C) Abduction
Rationale: Abduction moves a body part away from the body's midline.
Q4. Which movement brings a body part toward the midline?
A) Rotation
B) Abduction
C) Extension
D) Adduction
Correct Answer: D) Adduction
, Rationale: Adduction moves a body part toward the midline.
Q5. What is a primary benefit of maintaining proper body
alignment?
A) It eliminates the need for exercise.
B) It promotes efficient functioning of muscles, joints, and skeletal structures.
C) It guarantees that pressure injuries cannot occur.
D) It increases immobility.
Correct Answer: B) It promotes efficient functioning of muscles, joints, and
skeletal structures.
Rationale: Proper alignment helps distribute forces appropriately and
supports efficient musculoskeletal and neurologic functioning.
Q6. Which exercise involves muscle contraction without significant
joint movement?
A) Isometric exercise
B) Isotonic exercise
C) Aerobic exercise
D) Passive range-of-motion exercise
Correct Answer: A) Isometric exercise
Rationale: Isometric exercise contracts the muscle without producing
substantial movement at the joint.
Q7. Which exercise involves muscle contraction that produces joint
movement?
A) Isometric exercise
B) Isotonic exercise
C) Passive exercise
D) Static positioning
Correct Answer: B) Isotonic exercise
Rationale: Isotonic exercise involves muscle contraction with movement
through a range of motion.
Q8. Which physiologic response is expected during physical
exercise?
A) Decreased oxygen demand by skeletal muscles
B) Decreased respiratory rate
Answers 2026/2027 HERZING UNIVERSITY
Q1. Which type of joint permits movement in multiple planes,
including flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation?
A) Ball-and-socket joint
B) Hinge joint
C) Pivot joint
D) Gliding joint
Correct Answer: A) Ball-and-socket joint
Rationale: Ball-and-socket joints, such as the shoulder and hip, permit
movement in multiple directions, including rotation.
Q2. Which movement decreases the angle between two bones?
A) Extension
B) Flexion
C) Abduction
D) Rotation
Correct Answer: B) Flexion
Rationale: Flexion decreases the angle between bones at a joint, whereas
extension increases the angle.
Q3. Which movement takes a body part away from the midline?
A) Adduction
B) Flexion
C) Abduction
D) Extension
Correct Answer: C) Abduction
Rationale: Abduction moves a body part away from the body's midline.
Q4. Which movement brings a body part toward the midline?
A) Rotation
B) Abduction
C) Extension
D) Adduction
Correct Answer: D) Adduction
, Rationale: Adduction moves a body part toward the midline.
Q5. What is a primary benefit of maintaining proper body
alignment?
A) It eliminates the need for exercise.
B) It promotes efficient functioning of muscles, joints, and skeletal structures.
C) It guarantees that pressure injuries cannot occur.
D) It increases immobility.
Correct Answer: B) It promotes efficient functioning of muscles, joints, and
skeletal structures.
Rationale: Proper alignment helps distribute forces appropriately and
supports efficient musculoskeletal and neurologic functioning.
Q6. Which exercise involves muscle contraction without significant
joint movement?
A) Isometric exercise
B) Isotonic exercise
C) Aerobic exercise
D) Passive range-of-motion exercise
Correct Answer: A) Isometric exercise
Rationale: Isometric exercise contracts the muscle without producing
substantial movement at the joint.
Q7. Which exercise involves muscle contraction that produces joint
movement?
A) Isometric exercise
B) Isotonic exercise
C) Passive exercise
D) Static positioning
Correct Answer: B) Isotonic exercise
Rationale: Isotonic exercise involves muscle contraction with movement
through a range of motion.
Q8. Which physiologic response is expected during physical
exercise?
A) Decreased oxygen demand by skeletal muscles
B) Decreased respiratory rate
