NUR 239 EXAM ONE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | NUR 239
STUDY GUIDE & PRACTICE TEST 2026/2027
Schedule II drug examples - ANS ✔✔Methadone; Oxycodone; Hydrocodone; Morphine;
Pathophysiology - ANS ✔✔the disordered physiological processes associated with disease or injury
Etiology - ANS ✔✔study of the cause of disease
Pathogenesis - ANS ✔✔the manner in which a disease develops
Clinical Manifestations - ANS ✔✔signs and symptoms or evidence of disease
signs - ANS ✔✔manifestation noted by observer
Symptoms - ANS ✔✔Subjective characteristics of disease felt only by the patient
diagnosis - ANS ✔✔Identification of an injury or disease
clinical course - ANS ✔✔Describes the evolution of a disease
Epidemiology - ANS ✔✔the study of the distribution of mental or physical disorders in a population
incedence - ANS ✔✔The number of new cases of a disease in a given population during a specified
period.
Prevalence - ANS ✔✔The number or proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition present in a
population at a given time.
Morbidity - ANS ✔✔incidence of a specific notifiable disease
natural history - ANS ✔✔the progression and projected outcome of the disease without medical
intervention
prognosis - ANS ✔✔a forecast of the probable course and outcome of a disease or situation
primary prevention - ANS ✔✔Keeping an injury or illness from occurring
secondary prevention - ANS ✔✔Efforts to limit the effects of an injury or illness that you cannot
completely prevent.
tertiary prevention - ANS ✔✔actions taken to contain damage once a disease or disability has
progressed beyond its early stages
etiologic agents for diseases - ANS ✔✔biological, physical, and chemical
, biological agents - ANS ✔✔bacteria, virus
physical agents - ANS ✔✔trauma, burns, and heat radiation
chemical agents - ANS ✔✔gases and liquids, poison, alcohol
acute - ANS ✔✔New, usually of rapid onset and of concern, opposite of chronic
subacute - ANS ✔✔between acute and chronic
chronic - ANS ✔✔Long-standing, constant. Opposite of acute
Types of tissues - ANS ✔✔epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
epithelial tissue - ANS ✔✔A body tissue that covers the surfaces of the body, inside and out
connective tissue - ANS ✔✔A body tissue that provides support for the body and connects all of its parts
muscle tissue - ANS ✔✔A body tissue that contracts or shortens, making body parts move.
nervous tissue - ANS ✔✔Tissue that senses stimuli and transmits signals.
Cellular Adaptation - ANS ✔✔allows the stressed tissue to survive or maintain function
atrophy - ANS ✔✔(n.) the wasting away of a body organ or tissue; any progressive decline or failure; (v.)
to waste away
hypertrophy - ANS ✔✔increase in cell size
Hyperplasia - ANS ✔✔increase in number of cells
Metaplasia - ANS ✔✔Mature cell type is replaced by a different mature cell type
Dysplasia - ANS ✔✔abnormal development or growth of cells, tissues, or organs
physiologic - ANS ✔✔Pertaining to normal body processes
compensatory - ANS ✔✔offsetting or making up for something
Hypoxia - ANS ✔✔Low oxygen saturation of the body, not enough oxygen in the blood
Apoptosis - ANS ✔✔programmed cell death
necrosis - ANS ✔✔death of tissue
Moist (Wet) Gangrene - ANS ✔✔Tissue cold, swollen, pulseless
Skin moist, black
STUDY GUIDE & PRACTICE TEST 2026/2027
Schedule II drug examples - ANS ✔✔Methadone; Oxycodone; Hydrocodone; Morphine;
Pathophysiology - ANS ✔✔the disordered physiological processes associated with disease or injury
Etiology - ANS ✔✔study of the cause of disease
Pathogenesis - ANS ✔✔the manner in which a disease develops
Clinical Manifestations - ANS ✔✔signs and symptoms or evidence of disease
signs - ANS ✔✔manifestation noted by observer
Symptoms - ANS ✔✔Subjective characteristics of disease felt only by the patient
diagnosis - ANS ✔✔Identification of an injury or disease
clinical course - ANS ✔✔Describes the evolution of a disease
Epidemiology - ANS ✔✔the study of the distribution of mental or physical disorders in a population
incedence - ANS ✔✔The number of new cases of a disease in a given population during a specified
period.
Prevalence - ANS ✔✔The number or proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition present in a
population at a given time.
Morbidity - ANS ✔✔incidence of a specific notifiable disease
natural history - ANS ✔✔the progression and projected outcome of the disease without medical
intervention
prognosis - ANS ✔✔a forecast of the probable course and outcome of a disease or situation
primary prevention - ANS ✔✔Keeping an injury or illness from occurring
secondary prevention - ANS ✔✔Efforts to limit the effects of an injury or illness that you cannot
completely prevent.
tertiary prevention - ANS ✔✔actions taken to contain damage once a disease or disability has
progressed beyond its early stages
etiologic agents for diseases - ANS ✔✔biological, physical, and chemical
, biological agents - ANS ✔✔bacteria, virus
physical agents - ANS ✔✔trauma, burns, and heat radiation
chemical agents - ANS ✔✔gases and liquids, poison, alcohol
acute - ANS ✔✔New, usually of rapid onset and of concern, opposite of chronic
subacute - ANS ✔✔between acute and chronic
chronic - ANS ✔✔Long-standing, constant. Opposite of acute
Types of tissues - ANS ✔✔epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
epithelial tissue - ANS ✔✔A body tissue that covers the surfaces of the body, inside and out
connective tissue - ANS ✔✔A body tissue that provides support for the body and connects all of its parts
muscle tissue - ANS ✔✔A body tissue that contracts or shortens, making body parts move.
nervous tissue - ANS ✔✔Tissue that senses stimuli and transmits signals.
Cellular Adaptation - ANS ✔✔allows the stressed tissue to survive or maintain function
atrophy - ANS ✔✔(n.) the wasting away of a body organ or tissue; any progressive decline or failure; (v.)
to waste away
hypertrophy - ANS ✔✔increase in cell size
Hyperplasia - ANS ✔✔increase in number of cells
Metaplasia - ANS ✔✔Mature cell type is replaced by a different mature cell type
Dysplasia - ANS ✔✔abnormal development or growth of cells, tissues, or organs
physiologic - ANS ✔✔Pertaining to normal body processes
compensatory - ANS ✔✔offsetting or making up for something
Hypoxia - ANS ✔✔Low oxygen saturation of the body, not enough oxygen in the blood
Apoptosis - ANS ✔✔programmed cell death
necrosis - ANS ✔✔death of tissue
Moist (Wet) Gangrene - ANS ✔✔Tissue cold, swollen, pulseless
Skin moist, black
