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COMSAE PHASE 3 EXAM 2026/2027 |
COMPREHENSIVE MEDICAL SELF-ASSESSMENT
| 100 VERIFIED Q&A | DETAILED RATIONALES |
PASS GUARANTEED – A+ GRADED
SECTION 1: ANATOMY AND EMBRYOLOGY – Questions 1–10
Q1: Anatomy – Brachial Plexus
The student is reviewing the brachial plexus. Which nerve is most commonly injured in a humeral
shaft fracture?
A. Axillary nerve
B. Radial nerve
C. Median nerve
D. Ulnar nerve
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The radial nerve runs in the spiral groove of the humerus and is commonly injured in
midshaft humeral fractures, causing wrist drop. The axillary nerve is injured in surgical neck
fractures. [100% CORRECT]
Q2: Embryology – Neural Crest Derivatives
The student is reviewing embryology. Which of the following is derived from neural crest cells?
A. Adrenal cortex
B. Adrenal medulla
C. Liver
D. Kidney
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Neural crest cells give rise to the adrenal medulla, melanocytes, Schwann cells, and
peripheral neurons. The adrenal cortex derives from mesoderm. [100% CORRECT]
Q3: Anatomy – Cranial Nerves
The student is reviewing cranial nerves. Which cranial nerve is responsible for taste from the
anterior two-thirds of the tongue?
A. CN VII
B. CN IX
C. CN X
D. CN XII
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The chorda tympani branch of CN VII (facial) carries taste from the anterior two-thirds of
the tongue. CN IX supplies the posterior one-third. [100% CORRECT]
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Q4: Embryology – Heart Development
The student is reviewing cardiac embryology. The foramen ovale connects which two structures?
A. Right and left atria
B. Right and left ventricles
C. Aorta and pulmonary artery
D. Superior vena cava and right atrium
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The foramen ovale is an opening between the right and left atria in fetal circulation,
allowing blood to bypass the lungs. It becomes the fossa ovalis after birth. [100% CORRECT]
Q5: Anatomy – Inguinal Canal
The student is reviewing the inguinal canal. Which structure lies within the inguinal canal in males?
A. Spermatic cord
B. Femoral artery
C. Obturator nerve
D. Sciatic nerve
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The spermatic cord passes through the inguinal canal in males. In females, the round
ligament of the uterus passes through. [100% CORRECT]
Q6: Embryology – Pharyngeal Pouches
The student is reviewing pharyngeal pouches. The eustachian tube and middle ear cavity develop
from which pouch?
A. 1st
B. 2nd
C. 3rd
D. 4th
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The 1st pharyngeal pouch gives rise to the eustachian tube and middle ear cavity. The
2nd forms the palatine tonsils. [100% CORRECT]
Q7: Anatomy – Thorax
The student is reviewing thoracic anatomy. Which structure is located at the level of T4/T5?
A. Aortic arch
B. Bifurcation of the trachea
C. Superior vena cava
D. Pulmonary trunk
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The trachea bifurcates at the level of T4/T5 (sternal angle). The aortic arch is at T3–T4.
[100% CORRECT]
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Q8: Embryology – Urinary System
The student is reviewing urinary embryology. The kidneys develop from which structure?
A. Metanephros
B. Pronephros
C. Mesonephros
D. Ureteric bud
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The metanephros gives rise to the definitive kidney. The pronephros and mesonephros
are transient. The ureteric bud forms the collecting system. [100% CORRECT]
Q9: Anatomy – Lower Extremity
The student is reviewing lower extremity anatomy. Which nerve is injured in a fibular neck fracture?
A. Tibial nerve
B. Common peroneal nerve
C. Femoral nerve
D. Obturator nerve
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The common peroneal nerve wraps around the fibular neck and is injured in fibular neck
fractures, causing foot drop and loss of sensation on the dorsum of the foot. [100% CORRECT]
Q10: Embryology – Gastrointestinal Tract
The student is reviewing embryology. The midgut is supplied by which artery?
A. Celiac trunk
B. Superior mesenteric artery
C. Inferior mesenteric artery
D. Internal iliac artery
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The midgut is supplied by the superior mesenteric artery. The foregut is supplied by the
celiac trunk; the hindgut by the inferior mesenteric artery. [100% CORRECT]
SECTION 2: PHYSIOLOGY – Questions 11–20
Q11: Physiology – Cardiac Cycle
The student is reviewing the cardiac cycle. What is the effect of increased afterload on cardiac
output?
A. Increases cardiac output
B. Decreases cardiac output
C. No effect
D. Increases heart rate
COMSAE PHASE 3 EXAM 2026/2027 |
COMPREHENSIVE MEDICAL SELF-ASSESSMENT
| 100 VERIFIED Q&A | DETAILED RATIONALES |
PASS GUARANTEED – A+ GRADED
SECTION 1: ANATOMY AND EMBRYOLOGY – Questions 1–10
Q1: Anatomy – Brachial Plexus
The student is reviewing the brachial plexus. Which nerve is most commonly injured in a humeral
shaft fracture?
A. Axillary nerve
B. Radial nerve
C. Median nerve
D. Ulnar nerve
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The radial nerve runs in the spiral groove of the humerus and is commonly injured in
midshaft humeral fractures, causing wrist drop. The axillary nerve is injured in surgical neck
fractures. [100% CORRECT]
Q2: Embryology – Neural Crest Derivatives
The student is reviewing embryology. Which of the following is derived from neural crest cells?
A. Adrenal cortex
B. Adrenal medulla
C. Liver
D. Kidney
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Neural crest cells give rise to the adrenal medulla, melanocytes, Schwann cells, and
peripheral neurons. The adrenal cortex derives from mesoderm. [100% CORRECT]
Q3: Anatomy – Cranial Nerves
The student is reviewing cranial nerves. Which cranial nerve is responsible for taste from the
anterior two-thirds of the tongue?
A. CN VII
B. CN IX
C. CN X
D. CN XII
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The chorda tympani branch of CN VII (facial) carries taste from the anterior two-thirds of
the tongue. CN IX supplies the posterior one-third. [100% CORRECT]
,2
Q4: Embryology – Heart Development
The student is reviewing cardiac embryology. The foramen ovale connects which two structures?
A. Right and left atria
B. Right and left ventricles
C. Aorta and pulmonary artery
D. Superior vena cava and right atrium
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The foramen ovale is an opening between the right and left atria in fetal circulation,
allowing blood to bypass the lungs. It becomes the fossa ovalis after birth. [100% CORRECT]
Q5: Anatomy – Inguinal Canal
The student is reviewing the inguinal canal. Which structure lies within the inguinal canal in males?
A. Spermatic cord
B. Femoral artery
C. Obturator nerve
D. Sciatic nerve
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The spermatic cord passes through the inguinal canal in males. In females, the round
ligament of the uterus passes through. [100% CORRECT]
Q6: Embryology – Pharyngeal Pouches
The student is reviewing pharyngeal pouches. The eustachian tube and middle ear cavity develop
from which pouch?
A. 1st
B. 2nd
C. 3rd
D. 4th
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The 1st pharyngeal pouch gives rise to the eustachian tube and middle ear cavity. The
2nd forms the palatine tonsils. [100% CORRECT]
Q7: Anatomy – Thorax
The student is reviewing thoracic anatomy. Which structure is located at the level of T4/T5?
A. Aortic arch
B. Bifurcation of the trachea
C. Superior vena cava
D. Pulmonary trunk
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The trachea bifurcates at the level of T4/T5 (sternal angle). The aortic arch is at T3–T4.
[100% CORRECT]
, 3
Q8: Embryology – Urinary System
The student is reviewing urinary embryology. The kidneys develop from which structure?
A. Metanephros
B. Pronephros
C. Mesonephros
D. Ureteric bud
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The metanephros gives rise to the definitive kidney. The pronephros and mesonephros
are transient. The ureteric bud forms the collecting system. [100% CORRECT]
Q9: Anatomy – Lower Extremity
The student is reviewing lower extremity anatomy. Which nerve is injured in a fibular neck fracture?
A. Tibial nerve
B. Common peroneal nerve
C. Femoral nerve
D. Obturator nerve
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The common peroneal nerve wraps around the fibular neck and is injured in fibular neck
fractures, causing foot drop and loss of sensation on the dorsum of the foot. [100% CORRECT]
Q10: Embryology – Gastrointestinal Tract
The student is reviewing embryology. The midgut is supplied by which artery?
A. Celiac trunk
B. Superior mesenteric artery
C. Inferior mesenteric artery
D. Internal iliac artery
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The midgut is supplied by the superior mesenteric artery. The foregut is supplied by the
celiac trunk; the hindgut by the inferior mesenteric artery. [100% CORRECT]
SECTION 2: PHYSIOLOGY – Questions 11–20
Q11: Physiology – Cardiac Cycle
The student is reviewing the cardiac cycle. What is the effect of increased afterload on cardiac
output?
A. Increases cardiac output
B. Decreases cardiac output
C. No effect
D. Increases heart rate
