TC 3-04.93 Aeromedical Training for Flight Personnel Verified Exam
Questions and Answers Latest update 2026/2027
Question:
1. What are the types of Spatial Disorientation? Explain each.
Answer:
1. TYPE I (UNRECOGNIZED)-an aviator does not perceive any indication of SD or
think anything is wrong. Type I SD is the most dangerous type of disorientation.
2. TYPE II (RECOGNIZED)-the pilot perceives a problem resulting from SD but might
not recognize it as SD.
3. TYPE III (INCAPACITATING)-the pilot experiences such an overwhelming sensation of
movement that he or she cannot orient using visual cues or the aircraft
instruments. Type III SD is not fatal if the copilot can gain control of the aircraft.
Question:
2. What are the Physiological Stressors?
Answer:
DEATH
1. Drugs
2. Exhaustion
3. Alcohol
4. Tobacco
5. Hypoglycemia
Question:
3. What are the categories of Vestibular Illusions?
Answer:
Somatogyral Illusions Somatogravic Illusions
Question:
4. What causes Somatogyral illusions?
Answer:
Somatogyral illusions occur when angular acceleration and deceleration stimulates the semicircular
canals.
Question:
5. What are the types of somatogyral illusions?
Answer:
Leans Graveyard spins Coriolis illusion
, Question:
6. What is the most dangerous
of all vestibular il- Coriolis illusions are the most dangerous of all vestibular illusions and cause
lusions?
Answer:
overwhelming disorientation. Causes the pilot to experience an overwhelming head-over-heels
tumbling sensation.
Question:
7. What causes Somatogravic Illusions?
Answer:
Somatogravic illusions are caused when changes in gravity or linear acceleration and deceleration
stimulate the otolith organ.
Question:
8. What are the types of somatogravic illusions?
Answer:
Oculogravic Elevator illusion Oculoagravic
Question:
9. What systems are the proprioceptive illusions closely associated with?
Answer:
Closely associated with the vestibular system and, to a lesser degree, the visual system.
Question:
10. What is the best visual acuity for unaided vision?
Answer:
Visual acuity decreases to 20/200 or less, and color perception is lost.
Question:
11. What should an aviator do to prevent Spatial Disorientation?
Answer:
1. Never fly without visual reference points
2. Never try to fly VMC and IMC at the same time
3. Avoid fatigue, smoking, hypoglycemia, hypoxia, and anxiety
4. Trust the instruments
Questions and Answers Latest update 2026/2027
Question:
1. What are the types of Spatial Disorientation? Explain each.
Answer:
1. TYPE I (UNRECOGNIZED)-an aviator does not perceive any indication of SD or
think anything is wrong. Type I SD is the most dangerous type of disorientation.
2. TYPE II (RECOGNIZED)-the pilot perceives a problem resulting from SD but might
not recognize it as SD.
3. TYPE III (INCAPACITATING)-the pilot experiences such an overwhelming sensation of
movement that he or she cannot orient using visual cues or the aircraft
instruments. Type III SD is not fatal if the copilot can gain control of the aircraft.
Question:
2. What are the Physiological Stressors?
Answer:
DEATH
1. Drugs
2. Exhaustion
3. Alcohol
4. Tobacco
5. Hypoglycemia
Question:
3. What are the categories of Vestibular Illusions?
Answer:
Somatogyral Illusions Somatogravic Illusions
Question:
4. What causes Somatogyral illusions?
Answer:
Somatogyral illusions occur when angular acceleration and deceleration stimulates the semicircular
canals.
Question:
5. What are the types of somatogyral illusions?
Answer:
Leans Graveyard spins Coriolis illusion
, Question:
6. What is the most dangerous
of all vestibular il- Coriolis illusions are the most dangerous of all vestibular illusions and cause
lusions?
Answer:
overwhelming disorientation. Causes the pilot to experience an overwhelming head-over-heels
tumbling sensation.
Question:
7. What causes Somatogravic Illusions?
Answer:
Somatogravic illusions are caused when changes in gravity or linear acceleration and deceleration
stimulate the otolith organ.
Question:
8. What are the types of somatogravic illusions?
Answer:
Oculogravic Elevator illusion Oculoagravic
Question:
9. What systems are the proprioceptive illusions closely associated with?
Answer:
Closely associated with the vestibular system and, to a lesser degree, the visual system.
Question:
10. What is the best visual acuity for unaided vision?
Answer:
Visual acuity decreases to 20/200 or less, and color perception is lost.
Question:
11. What should an aviator do to prevent Spatial Disorientation?
Answer:
1. Never fly without visual reference points
2. Never try to fly VMC and IMC at the same time
3. Avoid fatigue, smoking, hypoglycemia, hypoxia, and anxiety
4. Trust the instruments
