• NURS 5461 Exam 09/13/2026
NURS 5461 Quiz UPDATED ACTUAL Exam 1
| Actual Q&A with Rationale (NURS6521 Exam 1) |
Walden University
1. A nurse teaches an older adult about changes to nutritional requirements. Which of the following meal choices
would give evidence that the older adult understands the teaching?
A) Baked chicken, carrots, and angel food cake
B) Green salad, mashed potatoes, and an oatmeal cookie
C) Vegetable beef soup, crackers, and Jell-O
D) Baked pork chop, green beans, and sherbet - Correct Answer :Ans: A
P 1
, • NURS 5461 Exam 09/13/2026
Older adults need increased intake of foods with a high nutritional value and a concomitant decrease in the
intake of foods containing little or no nutrients.
2. A nurse teaches older adults about nutrition. Which of the following statements shows the nurse that the
older adult requires further teaching?
A) "Alcohol intake will interfere with absorption of B-complex vitamins and vitamin C."
B) "Certain 'fluid' pills can decrease the potassium level in my blood."
C) "Anticholinergic medications can cause my intestines to work slower."
D) "My over-the-counter beta-carotene pill is appropriate for long-term use." - Correct Answer :Ans: D
Long-term beta-carotene use can cause vitamin E deficiency. Paralytic ileus can occur with anticholinergic
medication. Nutritional supplements and herbal preparations can affect nutrients. Alcohol interferes with the
absorption of B-complex vitamins and vitamin C
3. A 70-year-old client with urosepsis is admitted to a nursing unit. The labs include elevated sodium, blood urea
nitrogen, hematocrit, and albumin. Which of the following nursing diagnoses is priority for this client?
A) Constipation
B) Fluid volume deficit
C) Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements
D) Impaired tissue perfusion - Correct Answer :Ans: B
The appropriate nursing diagnosis is fluid volume deficit. Blood values that may be altered in dehydration include
elevations in sodium, hematocrit, creatinine, osmolality, and blood urea nitrogen. While the client may develop
constipation, it is not the priority at this time. Albumin will be decreased with poor nutrition but increased with
dehydration. An elevation in these labs does not implicate impaired tissue perfusion
P 2
, • NURS 5461 Exam 09/13/2026
4. A nurse plans the diet for an older adult with congestive heart failure. Which of these nursing interventions
would be most successful to encourage optimal nutrition?
A) Encourage calorie supplements.
B) Provide 55% of calories from complex carbohydrates.
C) Teach older adults to sit upright for 2 hours after a meal.
D) Use moderate to large amounts of flavor enhancers - Correct Answer :Ans: B
Dietary guidelines for older adults recommend a daily intake of five to nine servings of fruits and vegetables; 55%
of calories need to come from complex carbohydrates. Older adults need fewer calories with increased quality of
nutrients in their nutritional requirements. Older adults with presbyesophagus must sit upright for 30 minutes to
1 hour after eating. Flavor enhancers (except lemon) contain sodium and need to be used in small amounts for
older adults who have a diminished sense of taste.
5. A nurse teaches a health education class for older adults about constipation. Which of the following points
should the nurse stress?
A) Older adults who do not have a daily bowel movement should use a laxative.
B)Older adults should limit their intake of highfiber foods because of a risk of lactose intolerance.
C)If older adults need a medication to promote bowel regularity, a laxative or enema should be given.
D)If older adults need a medication to promote bowel regularity, a bulk-forming agent is needed daily - Correct
Answer :Ans: D
A bulk-forming agent is least likely to have detrimental effects; providing fluid intake is adequate, if a medication
is needed to promote regular bowel elimination. If at all possible, older adults should avoid laxatives. Older
adults should include several portions of high-fiber foods in their daily diet
P 3
, • NURS 5461 Exam 09/13/2026
6. A nurse assesses an older adult in the assisted living facility who has presbyphagia. Which of the following
systems should the nurse auscultate?
A) Abdomen for bruit
B) Bowel sounds
C) Heart tones
D) Lung sounds - Correct Answer :Ans: D
Swallowing difficulties create a risk of aspiration. Presbyphagia is unlikely to result in assessment changes to the
abdomen or heart
7. A nurse counsels an older adult regarding nutritional requirements. Which of the following teaching points is
priority when discussing age-related changes in
nutritional requirements?
A) "If possible, try to eliminate animal fats from your diet."
B) "You should try to eat less meat and proteins than you did when you were younger."
C) "Overall, you don't need to take in as many calories as you used to."
D) "As an older adult, you don't need to eat as many starches and complex carbohydrates." - Correct Answer
:Ans: C
Caloric requirements for older adults are significantly less than those for younger adults. It is unnecessary to
wholly eliminate animal fats from the diet, and protein intake should remain same as for younger adults.
Complex carbohydrates should constitute the majority of caloric intake
8. A nurse manager of the long-term care facility develops plans to reduce nutritional deficits. Which of the
following interventions is appropriate to include in the plan?
P 4
NURS 5461 Quiz UPDATED ACTUAL Exam 1
| Actual Q&A with Rationale (NURS6521 Exam 1) |
Walden University
1. A nurse teaches an older adult about changes to nutritional requirements. Which of the following meal choices
would give evidence that the older adult understands the teaching?
A) Baked chicken, carrots, and angel food cake
B) Green salad, mashed potatoes, and an oatmeal cookie
C) Vegetable beef soup, crackers, and Jell-O
D) Baked pork chop, green beans, and sherbet - Correct Answer :Ans: A
P 1
, • NURS 5461 Exam 09/13/2026
Older adults need increased intake of foods with a high nutritional value and a concomitant decrease in the
intake of foods containing little or no nutrients.
2. A nurse teaches older adults about nutrition. Which of the following statements shows the nurse that the
older adult requires further teaching?
A) "Alcohol intake will interfere with absorption of B-complex vitamins and vitamin C."
B) "Certain 'fluid' pills can decrease the potassium level in my blood."
C) "Anticholinergic medications can cause my intestines to work slower."
D) "My over-the-counter beta-carotene pill is appropriate for long-term use." - Correct Answer :Ans: D
Long-term beta-carotene use can cause vitamin E deficiency. Paralytic ileus can occur with anticholinergic
medication. Nutritional supplements and herbal preparations can affect nutrients. Alcohol interferes with the
absorption of B-complex vitamins and vitamin C
3. A 70-year-old client with urosepsis is admitted to a nursing unit. The labs include elevated sodium, blood urea
nitrogen, hematocrit, and albumin. Which of the following nursing diagnoses is priority for this client?
A) Constipation
B) Fluid volume deficit
C) Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements
D) Impaired tissue perfusion - Correct Answer :Ans: B
The appropriate nursing diagnosis is fluid volume deficit. Blood values that may be altered in dehydration include
elevations in sodium, hematocrit, creatinine, osmolality, and blood urea nitrogen. While the client may develop
constipation, it is not the priority at this time. Albumin will be decreased with poor nutrition but increased with
dehydration. An elevation in these labs does not implicate impaired tissue perfusion
P 2
, • NURS 5461 Exam 09/13/2026
4. A nurse plans the diet for an older adult with congestive heart failure. Which of these nursing interventions
would be most successful to encourage optimal nutrition?
A) Encourage calorie supplements.
B) Provide 55% of calories from complex carbohydrates.
C) Teach older adults to sit upright for 2 hours after a meal.
D) Use moderate to large amounts of flavor enhancers - Correct Answer :Ans: B
Dietary guidelines for older adults recommend a daily intake of five to nine servings of fruits and vegetables; 55%
of calories need to come from complex carbohydrates. Older adults need fewer calories with increased quality of
nutrients in their nutritional requirements. Older adults with presbyesophagus must sit upright for 30 minutes to
1 hour after eating. Flavor enhancers (except lemon) contain sodium and need to be used in small amounts for
older adults who have a diminished sense of taste.
5. A nurse teaches a health education class for older adults about constipation. Which of the following points
should the nurse stress?
A) Older adults who do not have a daily bowel movement should use a laxative.
B)Older adults should limit their intake of highfiber foods because of a risk of lactose intolerance.
C)If older adults need a medication to promote bowel regularity, a laxative or enema should be given.
D)If older adults need a medication to promote bowel regularity, a bulk-forming agent is needed daily - Correct
Answer :Ans: D
A bulk-forming agent is least likely to have detrimental effects; providing fluid intake is adequate, if a medication
is needed to promote regular bowel elimination. If at all possible, older adults should avoid laxatives. Older
adults should include several portions of high-fiber foods in their daily diet
P 3
, • NURS 5461 Exam 09/13/2026
6. A nurse assesses an older adult in the assisted living facility who has presbyphagia. Which of the following
systems should the nurse auscultate?
A) Abdomen for bruit
B) Bowel sounds
C) Heart tones
D) Lung sounds - Correct Answer :Ans: D
Swallowing difficulties create a risk of aspiration. Presbyphagia is unlikely to result in assessment changes to the
abdomen or heart
7. A nurse counsels an older adult regarding nutritional requirements. Which of the following teaching points is
priority when discussing age-related changes in
nutritional requirements?
A) "If possible, try to eliminate animal fats from your diet."
B) "You should try to eat less meat and proteins than you did when you were younger."
C) "Overall, you don't need to take in as many calories as you used to."
D) "As an older adult, you don't need to eat as many starches and complex carbohydrates." - Correct Answer
:Ans: C
Caloric requirements for older adults are significantly less than those for younger adults. It is unnecessary to
wholly eliminate animal fats from the diet, and protein intake should remain same as for younger adults.
Complex carbohydrates should constitute the majority of caloric intake
8. A nurse manager of the long-term care facility develops plans to reduce nutritional deficits. Which of the
following interventions is appropriate to include in the plan?
P 4
