NCLEX Neuro Review
NCLEX Neuro Review
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_d7isx
1. Which statement is true for a A
patient who has pathology in The temporal, not parietal, lobe contains the Wernicke area,
Wernicke's area of the cere- which is responsible for receptive speech and integration of
brum? somatic, visual, and auditory data. Sight processing occurs
A. Receptive speech is affected. in the occipital lobe. The Romberg test is used to assess the
B. The parietal lobe is involved. position sense of the lower extremities.
C. Sight processing is abnor-
mal.
D. An abnormal Romberg test is
present.
2. After a major head trauma, B
the patient's respiratory and The brainstem includes the midbrain, pons, and medulla.
cardiac functions are affected. The vital centers concerned with respiratory, vasomotor, and
Which area of the brain is dam- cardiac function are located in the medulla. Integration of
aged? somatic, visual, and auditory data occurs in the tempo-
A. Temporal lobe of the cere- ral lobe. The cerebellum coordinates voluntary movement,
brum trunk stability, and equilibrium. Motor and spinal nerves
B. Brainstem serve particular areas of the body.
C. Cerebellum
D. Spinal nerves
3. What is the purpose of the C
blood-brain barrier? The blood-brain barrier is a physiologic barrier between
A. To protect the brain by cush- capillaries and brain tissue. The structure of the brain's
ioning capillaries is different from others, and substances that are
B. To inhibit damage from exter- harmful are not allowed to enter brain tissue. Lipid-soluble
nal trauma compounds enter the brain easily, but water-soluble and
C. To keep harmful agents away ionized drugs enter slowly. The spinal fluid and meninges
from brain tissue help cushion the brain. The skull protects from external
D. To provide the blood supply trauma. Blood is supplied to the brain from the internal
to brain tissue carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries.
actualstudy Page 1
, NCLEX Neuro Review
NCLEX Neuro Review
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_d7isx
4. In a patient with a disease that D
affects the myelin sheath of Types of glial cells include oligodendrocytes, astrocytes,
nerves, such as multiple sclero- ependymal cells, and microglia, and each has specific func-
sis, which glial cells are affect- tions. Oligodendrocytes are specialized cells that produce
ed? the myelin sheath of nerve fibers, and they are primarily
found in the white matter of the central nervous system.
5. Drugs or diseases that impair D
the function of the extrapyrami- A group of descending motor tracts carries impulses from
dal system may cause loss of the extrapyramidal system, which includes all motor sys-
A. sensations of pain and tem- tems (except the pyramidal system) concerned with volun-
perature. tary movement. It includes descending pathways originat-
B. regulation of the autonomic ing in the brainstem, basal ganglia, and cerebellum. The
nervous system. motor output exits the spinal cord through the ventral roots
C. integration of somatic and of the spinal nerves
special sensory inputs.
D. automatic movements asso-
ciated with skeletal muscle ac-
tivity.
6. An obstruction of the anterior C
cerebral arteries affects The anterior cerebral artery feeds the medial and anterior
A. visual imaging. portions of the frontal lobes. The anterior portion of the
B. balance and coordination. frontal lobe controls higher-order processes such as judg-
C. judgment, insight, and rea- ment and reasoning.
soning.
D. visual and auditory integra-
tion for language comprehen-
sion.
7. Paralysis of lateral gaze indi- D
cates a lesion of cranial nerve Cranial nerves III (oculomotor), IV (trochlear), and VI (ab-
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, NCLEX Neuro Review
NCLEX Neuro Review
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_d7isx
A. II. ducens) are responsible for eye movement. The lateral rec-
B. III. tus eye muscle is innervated by cranial nerve VI and is the
C. IV. primary muscle that is responsible for lateral eye movement
D. VI.
8. Results of stimulation of the A, B, C, D
parasympathetic nervous sys- Parasympathetic nervous system stimulation results in con-
tem are (select all that apply) striction of the bronchi, dilation of blood vessels to the skin,
A. constriction of the bronchi. increased secretion of insulin, and relaxation of the urinary
B. dilation of skin blood vessels. sphincter. Sympathetic nervous system stimulation results
C. increased secretion of in- in increased blood glucose levels.
sulin.
D. increased blood glucose lev-
els.
E. relaxation of the urinary
sphincters
9. Why is it difficult to compare the D
assessment of muscle strength Changes associated with aging include decreases in muscle
of older adults with that of strength and agility related to a decrease in muscle bulk.
younger adults?
A. Stroke is more common in
older adults.
B. Nutritional status is better in
young adults.
C. Most young people exercise
more than older people.
D. Muscle bulk and strength de-
crease with age.
10. A patient who has a neurolog- A
ic disease that affects the pyra- Among the most important descending tracts are the cor-
actualstudy Page 3
, NCLEX Neuro Review
NCLEX Neuro Review
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midal tract is likely to manifest ticobulbar and corticospinal tracts, collectively called the
which signs? pyramidal tract. These tracts carry volitional (voluntary) im-
A. Impaired muscle movement pulses from the cortex to the cranial and peripheral nerves.
B. Decreased deep tendon re- Dysfunction of the pyramidal tract is likely to manifest as im-
flexes paired movement. Diseases affecting the pyramidal tract do
C. Decreased level of conscious- not result in changes in the level of consciousness, impaired
ness reflexes, or decreased sensation.
D. Impaired sensation of touch,
pain and temperature
11. What is important when obtain- B
ing a history of a patient with a The mode of onset and the course of the illness are es-
neurologic problem? pecially important aspects of the history. The nature of a
A. Have patient agree or dis- neurologic disease process often can be described by these
agree with suggested symp- facts alone. Avoid suggesting certain symptoms or using
toms to obtain a thorough his- leading questions. Nutritional deficits of B vitamins are most
tory. likely to cause neurologic problems. CAM is used to assess
B. Mode of onset and course of for delirium.
illness are essential aspects.
C. Check out neurologic prob-
lems caused by nutrition by ask-
ing about sodium.
D. Assess for dementia us-
ing the Confusion Assessment
Method (CAM).
12. What is the most common visu- D
al field change resulting from a Visual field changes resulting from brain lesions are usually
brain lesion? diagnosed as hemianopsia (one half of the visual field) or
A. Diplopia quadrantanopsia (one fourth of the visual field) or monoc-
B. Blurred vision ular vision.
actualstudy Page 4
NCLEX Neuro Review
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_d7isx
1. Which statement is true for a A
patient who has pathology in The temporal, not parietal, lobe contains the Wernicke area,
Wernicke's area of the cere- which is responsible for receptive speech and integration of
brum? somatic, visual, and auditory data. Sight processing occurs
A. Receptive speech is affected. in the occipital lobe. The Romberg test is used to assess the
B. The parietal lobe is involved. position sense of the lower extremities.
C. Sight processing is abnor-
mal.
D. An abnormal Romberg test is
present.
2. After a major head trauma, B
the patient's respiratory and The brainstem includes the midbrain, pons, and medulla.
cardiac functions are affected. The vital centers concerned with respiratory, vasomotor, and
Which area of the brain is dam- cardiac function are located in the medulla. Integration of
aged? somatic, visual, and auditory data occurs in the tempo-
A. Temporal lobe of the cere- ral lobe. The cerebellum coordinates voluntary movement,
brum trunk stability, and equilibrium. Motor and spinal nerves
B. Brainstem serve particular areas of the body.
C. Cerebellum
D. Spinal nerves
3. What is the purpose of the C
blood-brain barrier? The blood-brain barrier is a physiologic barrier between
A. To protect the brain by cush- capillaries and brain tissue. The structure of the brain's
ioning capillaries is different from others, and substances that are
B. To inhibit damage from exter- harmful are not allowed to enter brain tissue. Lipid-soluble
nal trauma compounds enter the brain easily, but water-soluble and
C. To keep harmful agents away ionized drugs enter slowly. The spinal fluid and meninges
from brain tissue help cushion the brain. The skull protects from external
D. To provide the blood supply trauma. Blood is supplied to the brain from the internal
to brain tissue carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries.
actualstudy Page 1
, NCLEX Neuro Review
NCLEX Neuro Review
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_d7isx
4. In a patient with a disease that D
affects the myelin sheath of Types of glial cells include oligodendrocytes, astrocytes,
nerves, such as multiple sclero- ependymal cells, and microglia, and each has specific func-
sis, which glial cells are affect- tions. Oligodendrocytes are specialized cells that produce
ed? the myelin sheath of nerve fibers, and they are primarily
found in the white matter of the central nervous system.
5. Drugs or diseases that impair D
the function of the extrapyrami- A group of descending motor tracts carries impulses from
dal system may cause loss of the extrapyramidal system, which includes all motor sys-
A. sensations of pain and tem- tems (except the pyramidal system) concerned with volun-
perature. tary movement. It includes descending pathways originat-
B. regulation of the autonomic ing in the brainstem, basal ganglia, and cerebellum. The
nervous system. motor output exits the spinal cord through the ventral roots
C. integration of somatic and of the spinal nerves
special sensory inputs.
D. automatic movements asso-
ciated with skeletal muscle ac-
tivity.
6. An obstruction of the anterior C
cerebral arteries affects The anterior cerebral artery feeds the medial and anterior
A. visual imaging. portions of the frontal lobes. The anterior portion of the
B. balance and coordination. frontal lobe controls higher-order processes such as judg-
C. judgment, insight, and rea- ment and reasoning.
soning.
D. visual and auditory integra-
tion for language comprehen-
sion.
7. Paralysis of lateral gaze indi- D
cates a lesion of cranial nerve Cranial nerves III (oculomotor), IV (trochlear), and VI (ab-
actualstudy Page 2
, NCLEX Neuro Review
NCLEX Neuro Review
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_d7isx
A. II. ducens) are responsible for eye movement. The lateral rec-
B. III. tus eye muscle is innervated by cranial nerve VI and is the
C. IV. primary muscle that is responsible for lateral eye movement
D. VI.
8. Results of stimulation of the A, B, C, D
parasympathetic nervous sys- Parasympathetic nervous system stimulation results in con-
tem are (select all that apply) striction of the bronchi, dilation of blood vessels to the skin,
A. constriction of the bronchi. increased secretion of insulin, and relaxation of the urinary
B. dilation of skin blood vessels. sphincter. Sympathetic nervous system stimulation results
C. increased secretion of in- in increased blood glucose levels.
sulin.
D. increased blood glucose lev-
els.
E. relaxation of the urinary
sphincters
9. Why is it difficult to compare the D
assessment of muscle strength Changes associated with aging include decreases in muscle
of older adults with that of strength and agility related to a decrease in muscle bulk.
younger adults?
A. Stroke is more common in
older adults.
B. Nutritional status is better in
young adults.
C. Most young people exercise
more than older people.
D. Muscle bulk and strength de-
crease with age.
10. A patient who has a neurolog- A
ic disease that affects the pyra- Among the most important descending tracts are the cor-
actualstudy Page 3
, NCLEX Neuro Review
NCLEX Neuro Review
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_d7isx
midal tract is likely to manifest ticobulbar and corticospinal tracts, collectively called the
which signs? pyramidal tract. These tracts carry volitional (voluntary) im-
A. Impaired muscle movement pulses from the cortex to the cranial and peripheral nerves.
B. Decreased deep tendon re- Dysfunction of the pyramidal tract is likely to manifest as im-
flexes paired movement. Diseases affecting the pyramidal tract do
C. Decreased level of conscious- not result in changes in the level of consciousness, impaired
ness reflexes, or decreased sensation.
D. Impaired sensation of touch,
pain and temperature
11. What is important when obtain- B
ing a history of a patient with a The mode of onset and the course of the illness are es-
neurologic problem? pecially important aspects of the history. The nature of a
A. Have patient agree or dis- neurologic disease process often can be described by these
agree with suggested symp- facts alone. Avoid suggesting certain symptoms or using
toms to obtain a thorough his- leading questions. Nutritional deficits of B vitamins are most
tory. likely to cause neurologic problems. CAM is used to assess
B. Mode of onset and course of for delirium.
illness are essential aspects.
C. Check out neurologic prob-
lems caused by nutrition by ask-
ing about sodium.
D. Assess for dementia us-
ing the Confusion Assessment
Method (CAM).
12. What is the most common visu- D
al field change resulting from a Visual field changes resulting from brain lesions are usually
brain lesion? diagnosed as hemianopsia (one half of the visual field) or
A. Diplopia quadrantanopsia (one fourth of the visual field) or monoc-
B. Blurred vision ular vision.
actualstudy Page 4
