Paediatric Neurological and Cognitive Disorders Saunders NCLEX Review
Paediatric Neurological and Cognitive Disorders: Saunders NCLEX Review
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_c7tfky
1. The parents of a child re- 3
cently diagnosed with cere-
bral palsy ask the nurse Rationale: Cerebral palsy is a chronic disability characterized by
about the limitations of impaired movement and posture resulting from an abnormality in
the disorder. The nurse re- the extrapyramidal or pyramidal motor system. Meningitis is an
sponds by explaining that infectious process of the central nervous system. Encephalitis is an
the limitations occur as a re- inflammation of the brain that occurs as a result of viral illness or
sult of which pathophysio- central nervous system infection. Down syndrome is an example of
logical process? a congenital condition that results in moderate to severe intellec-
tual disabilities.
1. An infectious disease of
the central nervous system
2. An inflammation of the
brain as a result of a viral
illness
3. A chronic disability char-
acterized by impaired mus-
cle movement and posture
4. A congenital condition
that results in moderate to
severe intellectual disabili-
ties
2. The nurse notes documen- 1
tation that a child is exhibit-
ing an inability to flex the Rationale: Meningitis is an infectious process of the central nervous
leg when the thigh is flexed system caused by bacteria and viruses. The inability to extend the
anteriorly at the hip. Which leg when the thigh is flexed anteriorly at the hip is a positive
condition does the nurse Kernig's sign, noted in meningitis. Kernig's sign is not seen specif-
suspect? ically with spinal cord injury, intracranial bleeding, or decreased
cerebral blood flow.
1. Meningitis
1/7
actualstudy Page 1 of 7
, Paediatric Neurological and Cognitive Disorders Saunders NCLEX Review
Paediatric Neurological and Cognitive Disorders: Saunders NCLEX Review
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_c7tfky
2. Spinal cord injury
3. Intracranial bleeding
4. Decreased cerebral blood
flow
3. A mother arrives at 4
the emergency department
with her 5-year-old child Rationale: Head injury is the pathological result of any mechanical
and states that the child force to the skull, scalp, meninges, or brain. Ahead injury can cause
fell off a bunk bed. A bleeding in the brain and result in increased ICP. In a child, early
head injury is suspected. signs include a slight change in level of consciousness, headache,
The nurse checks the child's nausea, vomiting, visual distur- bances (diplopia), and seizures.
airway status and assesses Late signs of increased ICP include a significant decrease in lev-
the child for early and late el of consciousness, brady- cardia, decreased motor and senso-
signs of increased intracra- ry responses, alterations in pupil size and reactivity, posturing,
nial pressure (ICP). Which is Cheyne-Stokes respira- tions, and coma.
a late sign of increased ICP?
1. Nausea
2. Irritability
3. Headache
4. Bradycardia
4. The nurse is assigned to 3
care for an 8-year-old child
with a diagnosis of a basi- Rationale: A basilar skull fracture is a type of head injury. Nasotra-
lar skull fracture. The nurse cheal suctioning is contraindicated in a child with a basilar skull
reviews the health care fracture: Because of the nature of the injury, there is a possibility
provider's (HCP's) prescrip- that the catheter will enter the brain through the fracture, creating a
tions and should contact high risk of secondary infection. Fluid bal- ance is monitored closely
the HCP to question which by daily weight determination, intake and output measurement,
prescription? and serum osmolality deter- mination to detect early signs of water
2/7
actualstudy Page 2 of 7
Paediatric Neurological and Cognitive Disorders: Saunders NCLEX Review
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_c7tfky
1. The parents of a child re- 3
cently diagnosed with cere-
bral palsy ask the nurse Rationale: Cerebral palsy is a chronic disability characterized by
about the limitations of impaired movement and posture resulting from an abnormality in
the disorder. The nurse re- the extrapyramidal or pyramidal motor system. Meningitis is an
sponds by explaining that infectious process of the central nervous system. Encephalitis is an
the limitations occur as a re- inflammation of the brain that occurs as a result of viral illness or
sult of which pathophysio- central nervous system infection. Down syndrome is an example of
logical process? a congenital condition that results in moderate to severe intellec-
tual disabilities.
1. An infectious disease of
the central nervous system
2. An inflammation of the
brain as a result of a viral
illness
3. A chronic disability char-
acterized by impaired mus-
cle movement and posture
4. A congenital condition
that results in moderate to
severe intellectual disabili-
ties
2. The nurse notes documen- 1
tation that a child is exhibit-
ing an inability to flex the Rationale: Meningitis is an infectious process of the central nervous
leg when the thigh is flexed system caused by bacteria and viruses. The inability to extend the
anteriorly at the hip. Which leg when the thigh is flexed anteriorly at the hip is a positive
condition does the nurse Kernig's sign, noted in meningitis. Kernig's sign is not seen specif-
suspect? ically with spinal cord injury, intracranial bleeding, or decreased
cerebral blood flow.
1. Meningitis
1/7
actualstudy Page 1 of 7
, Paediatric Neurological and Cognitive Disorders Saunders NCLEX Review
Paediatric Neurological and Cognitive Disorders: Saunders NCLEX Review
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_c7tfky
2. Spinal cord injury
3. Intracranial bleeding
4. Decreased cerebral blood
flow
3. A mother arrives at 4
the emergency department
with her 5-year-old child Rationale: Head injury is the pathological result of any mechanical
and states that the child force to the skull, scalp, meninges, or brain. Ahead injury can cause
fell off a bunk bed. A bleeding in the brain and result in increased ICP. In a child, early
head injury is suspected. signs include a slight change in level of consciousness, headache,
The nurse checks the child's nausea, vomiting, visual distur- bances (diplopia), and seizures.
airway status and assesses Late signs of increased ICP include a significant decrease in lev-
the child for early and late el of consciousness, brady- cardia, decreased motor and senso-
signs of increased intracra- ry responses, alterations in pupil size and reactivity, posturing,
nial pressure (ICP). Which is Cheyne-Stokes respira- tions, and coma.
a late sign of increased ICP?
1. Nausea
2. Irritability
3. Headache
4. Bradycardia
4. The nurse is assigned to 3
care for an 8-year-old child
with a diagnosis of a basi- Rationale: A basilar skull fracture is a type of head injury. Nasotra-
lar skull fracture. The nurse cheal suctioning is contraindicated in a child with a basilar skull
reviews the health care fracture: Because of the nature of the injury, there is a possibility
provider's (HCP's) prescrip- that the catheter will enter the brain through the fracture, creating a
tions and should contact high risk of secondary infection. Fluid bal- ance is monitored closely
the HCP to question which by daily weight determination, intake and output measurement,
prescription? and serum osmolality deter- mination to detect early signs of water
2/7
actualstudy Page 2 of 7
