NST 10 MIDTERM 2 MOCK TEST WITH ANSWER
RATIONALES 2026
◉ SECTION 1: Hellerstein's Lectures & his study guide (section 2 will
be more random with all the guest lectures on pregnancy etc.)
Answer:
◉ how long can we starve and stay alive?
Answer: very long, we are super good at starving. you can usually
survive 60-90 days or more if hydration and electrolytes are
maintained
this has been shown in hunger strikes in prison, people stranded
without food etc. newspapers show up after 30-45 days
◉ how is it possible to starve for so long?
Answer: you can reduce nitrogen losses to 20g/protein a day (3gN)
this means that you would only lose 100g of lean tissue each day
instead of 500 which is the usual
◉ how does growth factor get compromised when starving?
,Answer: you can't produce as much because growing is super energy
intensive so you can get stunted if you are consistently starving --
this is also part of why population height average has continually
increased as we have more consistent food availability and less war,
famine etc.
◉ how is the reproductive system impacted by starving?
(gonadotropins, gonadal function)
Answer: especially prominent for females and female athletes
menarche - first period delayed
anorexia nerviosa
breast cancer
◉ key summary of starving
Answer: normal response to starvation is complex and highly
effective; involves coordination among many tissues; has
consequences on health and disease in many contexts; and
preserves lean tissue which allows much longer survival during
protein-calorie deprivation
◉ what are some of the impacts of stunting in children?
, Answer: more than 150 million infants and children suffer world-
wide from stunting (environmental enteric dysfunction)
characteristics: short stature, delayed development, impaired
vaccine response, susceptibility to infections
consequences are often long-term or permanent
◉ what is a major issue in studying stunting?
Answer: hard to identify/diagnose it and hard to monitor the
efficacy of interventions
◉ does calorie restriction extend or shorten lifespan in worms, flies,
rodents, and non-human primates?
Answer: 40% calorie restriction extends lifespan by around 20% in
mice
*equivalent of people living 120 years
◉ what are the key problems in translating calorie restriction data
in animal models to humans?
Answer: are the causes of death the same?
RATIONALES 2026
◉ SECTION 1: Hellerstein's Lectures & his study guide (section 2 will
be more random with all the guest lectures on pregnancy etc.)
Answer:
◉ how long can we starve and stay alive?
Answer: very long, we are super good at starving. you can usually
survive 60-90 days or more if hydration and electrolytes are
maintained
this has been shown in hunger strikes in prison, people stranded
without food etc. newspapers show up after 30-45 days
◉ how is it possible to starve for so long?
Answer: you can reduce nitrogen losses to 20g/protein a day (3gN)
this means that you would only lose 100g of lean tissue each day
instead of 500 which is the usual
◉ how does growth factor get compromised when starving?
,Answer: you can't produce as much because growing is super energy
intensive so you can get stunted if you are consistently starving --
this is also part of why population height average has continually
increased as we have more consistent food availability and less war,
famine etc.
◉ how is the reproductive system impacted by starving?
(gonadotropins, gonadal function)
Answer: especially prominent for females and female athletes
menarche - first period delayed
anorexia nerviosa
breast cancer
◉ key summary of starving
Answer: normal response to starvation is complex and highly
effective; involves coordination among many tissues; has
consequences on health and disease in many contexts; and
preserves lean tissue which allows much longer survival during
protein-calorie deprivation
◉ what are some of the impacts of stunting in children?
, Answer: more than 150 million infants and children suffer world-
wide from stunting (environmental enteric dysfunction)
characteristics: short stature, delayed development, impaired
vaccine response, susceptibility to infections
consequences are often long-term or permanent
◉ what is a major issue in studying stunting?
Answer: hard to identify/diagnose it and hard to monitor the
efficacy of interventions
◉ does calorie restriction extend or shorten lifespan in worms, flies,
rodents, and non-human primates?
Answer: 40% calorie restriction extends lifespan by around 20% in
mice
*equivalent of people living 120 years
◉ what are the key problems in translating calorie restriction data
in animal models to humans?
Answer: are the causes of death the same?
