EMT EMERGENCY CARE AND TRANSPORTATION OF THE
SICK AND INJURED TEST PREP QUESTIONS | FROM
QUESTION TO PERFECTION| STUDY WITH CONFIDENCE!
Course Code:
Course Title:
Programme:
Academic Year: 2026/2027.
Duration: 2 Hours.
Total Marks: 100.
Candidate Instructions:
1) Write your Registration Number on every answer booklet used.
2) Answer ALL questions in Section A and ANY TWO (2) questions in Section B.
3) Read each question carefully before answering.
4) Begin each question on a new page.
5) The marks for each question are indicated in brackets.
6) This paper consists of several printed pages, including this page.
7) Ensure your copy is complete before the examination begins.
8) Unauthorized materials and communication with other candidates are not permitted.
Turn Over.
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
1
,1. A 65-year-old woman with stroke-like symptoms is responsive only to deep painful stimuli
and is making a snoring sound. Her respiratory rate is 14 beats/min and regular and his oxygen
saturation is 97%. What should you do? Answer: Inert a nasopharyngeal airway and keep him
sitting up
2. Which of the following situations would MOST likely impair oxygenation, despite the fact
that the patient is inhaling and exhaling? Answer: Entrapment in a mine
3. A man is found lying unresponsive at the base of a ladder. He has abrasions on his face. To
establish a patent airway, you should first: Answer: grasp the angle of the lower jaw and lift
4. A patient with slow, shallow breathing has a large volume of blood and secretions in his
oropharynx. What should you do? Answer: Suction his airway until it is clear and ventilate with
a bag-mask device
5. When ventilating an unresponsive, apneic adult with a bag-mask device, you should ensure
that: Answer: an airway adjunct has been inserted.
6. Which of the following processes occurs during inhalation? Answer: The intercostal muscles
and diaphragm both contract.
7. Which of the following processes occurs during cellular capillary gas exchange? Answer:
The capillaries give up oxygen to the cells.
8. A patient overdosed on heroin and is unresponsive. He is cyanotic; he has slow, shallow
breathing; and his oxygen saturation is 80%. The primary cause of this patient's condition is
inadequate: Answer: ventilation
9. Which of the following would MOST likely cause a reduction in tidal volume? Answer:
Unequal chest expansion
10. Which of the following patients has signs of inadequate breathing? Answer: 41-year-old
woman with shallow respirations of 14 breaths/min
11. Snoring respirations in an unresponsive patient are MOST often the result of: Answer:
upper airway obstruction by the tongue.
12. Assessment of a 40-year-old patient reveals respiratory distress, tachycardia, audible
expiratory wheezing, and an oxygen saturation of 88%. The EMT should suspect: Answer:
diffuse bronchoconstriction.
13. Which of the following occurs during positive pressure ventilation? Answer: Intrathoracic
pressure increases.
14. A 40-year-old man is conscious, but has an increased rate of breathing. You should: Answer:
assess the regularity and quality of breathing.
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
2
,16. When attaching an oxygen regulator to a D cylinder and preparing it for use, you should
recall that: Answer: oxygen supports combustion and should not be used where sparks are
easily generated.
17. Tidal volume is defined as the: Answer: volume of air inhaled or exhaled per breath.
18. In which of the following situations would you MOST likely encounter agonal gasps?
Answer: Shortly after the patient becomes unresponsive and pulseless
19. An unresponsive woman begins to gag after you insert an oropharyngeal airway. You should:
Answer: remove the oropharyngeal airway and be prepared to suction her mouth.
20. A 35-year-old man reports shortness of breath. He is conscious and alert and is able to speak
in complete sentences. Assessment reveals diffuse wheezing to auscultation, a respiratory rate of
22 breaths/min, a heart rate of 110 beats/min, and an oxygen saturation of 92%. Which of the
following interventions would be of MOST benefit to this patient? Answer: Inhaled
bronchodilator
21. After an adult cardiac arrest patient has been intubated by a paramedic, you are providing
ventilations as your partner performs chest compressions. When ventilating the patient, you
should: Answer: deliver each breath over 1 second at a rate of 10 breaths/min.
22. When ventilating an apneic patient with a bag-mask device, each breath should be delivered
over: Answer: 1 second
23. A 60-year-old woman presents with acute respiratory distress. She is conscious and alert, but
restless. Her respiratory rate is 26 breaths/min with adequate chest expansion, her breath sounds
are clear to auscultation bilaterally, and her oxygen saturation is 84%. Which of the following is
the MOST appropriate treatment for this patient? Answer: Supplemental oxygen with a
nonrebreathing mask
24. Your partner is ventilating an apneic woman at the rate of 20 breaths/min while you reassess
her vital signs. You notice that her systolic BP has decreased by 20 mm Hg and her heart rate
has increased by 25 beats/min. Which of the following is MOST likely cause of these vital sign
changes? Answer: The patient is being ventilated too fast.
25. Which of the following airway sounds indicates a lower airway obstruction? Answer:
Whezing
26. What does pulse oximetry measure? Answer: Percentage of bound hemoglobin.
27. During your assessment of a trauma patient, you note massive facial injuries, weak radial
pulses, and clammy skin. Which of the following should be your MOST immediate concern?
Answer: Airway obstruction
28. A patient overdosed on several drugs and is unresponsive with shallow breathing and facial
cyanosis. As you continue your assessment, the patient suddenly vomits. You should: Answer:
Turn the patient onto his side.
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
3
, 29. Which of the following patients is the BEST candidate for an oropharyngeal airway?
Answer: An unresponsive trauma patient with blood draining from the nose
31. Medications such as albuterol (Ventolin) relieve respiratory distress by: Answer: relaxing
the smooth muscle of the bronchioles.
32. A 50-year-old woman presents with acute shortness of breath. Her skin is pale and she is
anxious. You should: Answer: administer high-flow oxygen and assess the adequacy of her
breathing.
34. Reduced tidal volume would present with breathing that is: Answer: shallow
35. In order to avoid forcing air into the stomach during bag-mask ventilation, you should:
Answer: squeeze the bag slowly and release when you observe chest rise.
36. A 6-year-old woman has severe respiratory distress. She is conscious, but confused, and can
only say two words at a time. Which of the following would be the MOST appropriate treatment
for her? Answer: Ventilate with a bag-mask device
37. Which of the following assessment would indicate that a patient with a foreign body airway
obstruction has poor air exchange? Answer: Stridor (high-pitched sound heard during
inhilation)
38. A 69-year-old man reports dyspnea that began 2 days ago and has gotten worse. Which of
the following assessments would give you the MOST information regarding the possible cause
of his dyspnea? Answer: Lung sounds
39. A patient presents with ineffective breathing that has no identifiable pattern. What term is
used to describe this type of breathing? Answer: Ataxic
40. While managing a patient with acute shortness of breath, you attempt to apply a
nonrebreathing mask set at 12 L/min. The patient pulls the mask away from his face, stating that
it is smothering him. You should: Answer: reassure the patient and apply a nasal cannula
instead.
41. Signs of inadequate breathing in an unresponsive patient include: Answer: cyanotic oral
mucosa.
42. An unresponsive man is found lying supine in his bed. Which of the following assessment
findings would indicate that his gag reflex is depressed or absent? Answer: gurgling sound
during breathing
43. After an initial attempt to ventilate an unresponsive apneic patient fails, you reposition the
patient's head and reattempt ventilation without success. You should next: Answer: perform
chest compressions, open the airway, and look in the mouth.
44. Which of the following interventions would result in passive ventilation? Answer: Chest
recoil during chest compressions
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
4
SICK AND INJURED TEST PREP QUESTIONS | FROM
QUESTION TO PERFECTION| STUDY WITH CONFIDENCE!
Course Code:
Course Title:
Programme:
Academic Year: 2026/2027.
Duration: 2 Hours.
Total Marks: 100.
Candidate Instructions:
1) Write your Registration Number on every answer booklet used.
2) Answer ALL questions in Section A and ANY TWO (2) questions in Section B.
3) Read each question carefully before answering.
4) Begin each question on a new page.
5) The marks for each question are indicated in brackets.
6) This paper consists of several printed pages, including this page.
7) Ensure your copy is complete before the examination begins.
8) Unauthorized materials and communication with other candidates are not permitted.
Turn Over.
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
1
,1. A 65-year-old woman with stroke-like symptoms is responsive only to deep painful stimuli
and is making a snoring sound. Her respiratory rate is 14 beats/min and regular and his oxygen
saturation is 97%. What should you do? Answer: Inert a nasopharyngeal airway and keep him
sitting up
2. Which of the following situations would MOST likely impair oxygenation, despite the fact
that the patient is inhaling and exhaling? Answer: Entrapment in a mine
3. A man is found lying unresponsive at the base of a ladder. He has abrasions on his face. To
establish a patent airway, you should first: Answer: grasp the angle of the lower jaw and lift
4. A patient with slow, shallow breathing has a large volume of blood and secretions in his
oropharynx. What should you do? Answer: Suction his airway until it is clear and ventilate with
a bag-mask device
5. When ventilating an unresponsive, apneic adult with a bag-mask device, you should ensure
that: Answer: an airway adjunct has been inserted.
6. Which of the following processes occurs during inhalation? Answer: The intercostal muscles
and diaphragm both contract.
7. Which of the following processes occurs during cellular capillary gas exchange? Answer:
The capillaries give up oxygen to the cells.
8. A patient overdosed on heroin and is unresponsive. He is cyanotic; he has slow, shallow
breathing; and his oxygen saturation is 80%. The primary cause of this patient's condition is
inadequate: Answer: ventilation
9. Which of the following would MOST likely cause a reduction in tidal volume? Answer:
Unequal chest expansion
10. Which of the following patients has signs of inadequate breathing? Answer: 41-year-old
woman with shallow respirations of 14 breaths/min
11. Snoring respirations in an unresponsive patient are MOST often the result of: Answer:
upper airway obstruction by the tongue.
12. Assessment of a 40-year-old patient reveals respiratory distress, tachycardia, audible
expiratory wheezing, and an oxygen saturation of 88%. The EMT should suspect: Answer:
diffuse bronchoconstriction.
13. Which of the following occurs during positive pressure ventilation? Answer: Intrathoracic
pressure increases.
14. A 40-year-old man is conscious, but has an increased rate of breathing. You should: Answer:
assess the regularity and quality of breathing.
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
2
,16. When attaching an oxygen regulator to a D cylinder and preparing it for use, you should
recall that: Answer: oxygen supports combustion and should not be used where sparks are
easily generated.
17. Tidal volume is defined as the: Answer: volume of air inhaled or exhaled per breath.
18. In which of the following situations would you MOST likely encounter agonal gasps?
Answer: Shortly after the patient becomes unresponsive and pulseless
19. An unresponsive woman begins to gag after you insert an oropharyngeal airway. You should:
Answer: remove the oropharyngeal airway and be prepared to suction her mouth.
20. A 35-year-old man reports shortness of breath. He is conscious and alert and is able to speak
in complete sentences. Assessment reveals diffuse wheezing to auscultation, a respiratory rate of
22 breaths/min, a heart rate of 110 beats/min, and an oxygen saturation of 92%. Which of the
following interventions would be of MOST benefit to this patient? Answer: Inhaled
bronchodilator
21. After an adult cardiac arrest patient has been intubated by a paramedic, you are providing
ventilations as your partner performs chest compressions. When ventilating the patient, you
should: Answer: deliver each breath over 1 second at a rate of 10 breaths/min.
22. When ventilating an apneic patient with a bag-mask device, each breath should be delivered
over: Answer: 1 second
23. A 60-year-old woman presents with acute respiratory distress. She is conscious and alert, but
restless. Her respiratory rate is 26 breaths/min with adequate chest expansion, her breath sounds
are clear to auscultation bilaterally, and her oxygen saturation is 84%. Which of the following is
the MOST appropriate treatment for this patient? Answer: Supplemental oxygen with a
nonrebreathing mask
24. Your partner is ventilating an apneic woman at the rate of 20 breaths/min while you reassess
her vital signs. You notice that her systolic BP has decreased by 20 mm Hg and her heart rate
has increased by 25 beats/min. Which of the following is MOST likely cause of these vital sign
changes? Answer: The patient is being ventilated too fast.
25. Which of the following airway sounds indicates a lower airway obstruction? Answer:
Whezing
26. What does pulse oximetry measure? Answer: Percentage of bound hemoglobin.
27. During your assessment of a trauma patient, you note massive facial injuries, weak radial
pulses, and clammy skin. Which of the following should be your MOST immediate concern?
Answer: Airway obstruction
28. A patient overdosed on several drugs and is unresponsive with shallow breathing and facial
cyanosis. As you continue your assessment, the patient suddenly vomits. You should: Answer:
Turn the patient onto his side.
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
3
, 29. Which of the following patients is the BEST candidate for an oropharyngeal airway?
Answer: An unresponsive trauma patient with blood draining from the nose
31. Medications such as albuterol (Ventolin) relieve respiratory distress by: Answer: relaxing
the smooth muscle of the bronchioles.
32. A 50-year-old woman presents with acute shortness of breath. Her skin is pale and she is
anxious. You should: Answer: administer high-flow oxygen and assess the adequacy of her
breathing.
34. Reduced tidal volume would present with breathing that is: Answer: shallow
35. In order to avoid forcing air into the stomach during bag-mask ventilation, you should:
Answer: squeeze the bag slowly and release when you observe chest rise.
36. A 6-year-old woman has severe respiratory distress. She is conscious, but confused, and can
only say two words at a time. Which of the following would be the MOST appropriate treatment
for her? Answer: Ventilate with a bag-mask device
37. Which of the following assessment would indicate that a patient with a foreign body airway
obstruction has poor air exchange? Answer: Stridor (high-pitched sound heard during
inhilation)
38. A 69-year-old man reports dyspnea that began 2 days ago and has gotten worse. Which of
the following assessments would give you the MOST information regarding the possible cause
of his dyspnea? Answer: Lung sounds
39. A patient presents with ineffective breathing that has no identifiable pattern. What term is
used to describe this type of breathing? Answer: Ataxic
40. While managing a patient with acute shortness of breath, you attempt to apply a
nonrebreathing mask set at 12 L/min. The patient pulls the mask away from his face, stating that
it is smothering him. You should: Answer: reassure the patient and apply a nasal cannula
instead.
41. Signs of inadequate breathing in an unresponsive patient include: Answer: cyanotic oral
mucosa.
42. An unresponsive man is found lying supine in his bed. Which of the following assessment
findings would indicate that his gag reflex is depressed or absent? Answer: gurgling sound
during breathing
43. After an initial attempt to ventilate an unresponsive apneic patient fails, you reposition the
patient's head and reattempt ventilation without success. You should next: Answer: perform
chest compressions, open the airway, and look in the mouth.
44. Which of the following interventions would result in passive ventilation? Answer: Chest
recoil during chest compressions
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
4
