TEST BANK FOR PEDIATRIC
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION:
AN ILLUSTRATED
HANDBOOK 4TH EDITION
BY KAREN G.
DUDERSTADT| ALL
CHAPTERS 1-20| LATEST
UNIT I: PEDIATRIC GENERAL ASSESSMENT
Chapter 1: Approach to Care and Assessment of Children and Adolescents
Question 1
A nurse is preparing to examine a 3-year-old child. Which approach should the nurse
use to gain the child's cooperation during the physical examination?
A. Perform the most invasive procedures first to get them over with quickly
B. Use the "quiet-to-active" approach, starting with auscultation before palpation
C. Restrain the child firmly to prevent movement during the examination
D. Conduct the entire examination with the parent out of the room
Answer: B
,Rationale: The textbook emphasizes the "quiet-to-active" approach for pediatric
physical examination, starting with the listening parts of the physical exam (auscultation)
and moving on to the hands-on components. This approach yields the best results in
the pediatric age group because it allows the child to become comfortable before more
invasive procedures are performed.
Question 2
The "quiet-to-active" approach in pediatric assessment involves:
A. Starting with invasive procedures and ending with observation
B. Beginning with auscultation and progressing to palpation
C. Performing the examination only when the child is sleeping
D. Completing the examination in silence to avoid startling the child
Answer: B
Rationale: The "quiet-to-active" approach begins with the least invasive and quietest
parts of the examination (auscultation, observation) and progresses to more active,
hands-on components (palpation, percussion). This sequence helps maintain the child's
cooperation and reduces anxiety.
Question 3
When examining an adolescent, the nurse should:
A. Always examine the adolescent in the presence of a parent
B. Provide privacy and allow the adolescent to have a say in who is present
C. Perform the examination quickly without explanation
D. Avoid discussing sensitive topics such as mental health
Answer: B
Rationale: Adolescents require privacy and should be given appropriate control over
their examination. The 4th edition emphasizes expanded coverage of mental health and
social determinants of health, making it essential to address sensitive topics with
adolescents in a confidential and respectful manner.
,Chapter 2: Assessment of Growth and Vital Signs
Question 4
A nurse is assessing the growth of a 2-year-old child. Which measurement is most
important for evaluating growth in this age group?
A. Head circumference
B. Recumbent length and weight plotted on a growth chart
C. Body mass index (BMI) only
D. Mid-arm circumference
Answer: B
Rationale: For children under 2 years of age, recumbent length and weight are the
primary measurements for assessing growth. Head circumference is important for
infants but becomes less critical after age 2. Growth charts should be used to track
patterns over time.
Question 5
When assessing vital signs in a pediatric patient, which factor is most important for the
nurse to consider?
A. Vital signs are the same for all ages
B. Normal ranges vary significantly by age
C. Blood pressure is not measured in children under 5
D. Respiratory rate is the least important vital sign
Answer: B
Rationale: Normal vital sign ranges vary significantly with age in pediatric patients. For
example, normal heart rates are higher in infants and decrease with age. The nurse must
use age-appropriate reference ranges when assessing pediatric vital signs.
, Chapter 3: Developmental, Emotional, and Behavioral Surveillance and Screening
Question 6
A nurse is reviewing developmental concepts for infants and children. Which statement
best describes development in infants and children?
A. Development, a predictable and orderly process, occurs at varying rates within normal
limits
B. Development is primarily related to the growth in the number and size of cells
C. Development occurs in a proximodistal direction with fine muscle development
occurring first
D. Development is more easily and accurately measured than growth
Answer: A
Rationale: Development is a continuous, orderly process that provides the basis for
increases in the child's function and complexity of behavior. The increases in rate of
function and complexity can vary normally within limits for each child. An increase in the
number and size of cells is a definition for growth. Development proceeds in a
proximodistal direction with fine muscle organization occurring as a result of large
muscle organization. Development is a more complex process that is affected by many
factors; therefore, it is less easily and accurately measured than growth.
Question 7
Frequent developmental assessments are important for which reason?
A. Stable developmental periods during infancy provide an opportunity to identify any
delays or deficits
B. Infants need stimulation specific to the stage of development
C. Critical periods of development occur during childhood
D. Child development is unpredictable and needs monitoring
Answer: C
Rationale: Critical periods are blocks of time during which children are ready to master
specific developmental tasks. Children can master these tasks more easily during
particular periods of time in their growth and developmental process. Infancy is a
dynamic time of development that requires frequent evaluations to assess appropriate
developmental progress. Infants in a nurturing environment will develop appropriately
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION:
AN ILLUSTRATED
HANDBOOK 4TH EDITION
BY KAREN G.
DUDERSTADT| ALL
CHAPTERS 1-20| LATEST
UNIT I: PEDIATRIC GENERAL ASSESSMENT
Chapter 1: Approach to Care and Assessment of Children and Adolescents
Question 1
A nurse is preparing to examine a 3-year-old child. Which approach should the nurse
use to gain the child's cooperation during the physical examination?
A. Perform the most invasive procedures first to get them over with quickly
B. Use the "quiet-to-active" approach, starting with auscultation before palpation
C. Restrain the child firmly to prevent movement during the examination
D. Conduct the entire examination with the parent out of the room
Answer: B
,Rationale: The textbook emphasizes the "quiet-to-active" approach for pediatric
physical examination, starting with the listening parts of the physical exam (auscultation)
and moving on to the hands-on components. This approach yields the best results in
the pediatric age group because it allows the child to become comfortable before more
invasive procedures are performed.
Question 2
The "quiet-to-active" approach in pediatric assessment involves:
A. Starting with invasive procedures and ending with observation
B. Beginning with auscultation and progressing to palpation
C. Performing the examination only when the child is sleeping
D. Completing the examination in silence to avoid startling the child
Answer: B
Rationale: The "quiet-to-active" approach begins with the least invasive and quietest
parts of the examination (auscultation, observation) and progresses to more active,
hands-on components (palpation, percussion). This sequence helps maintain the child's
cooperation and reduces anxiety.
Question 3
When examining an adolescent, the nurse should:
A. Always examine the adolescent in the presence of a parent
B. Provide privacy and allow the adolescent to have a say in who is present
C. Perform the examination quickly without explanation
D. Avoid discussing sensitive topics such as mental health
Answer: B
Rationale: Adolescents require privacy and should be given appropriate control over
their examination. The 4th edition emphasizes expanded coverage of mental health and
social determinants of health, making it essential to address sensitive topics with
adolescents in a confidential and respectful manner.
,Chapter 2: Assessment of Growth and Vital Signs
Question 4
A nurse is assessing the growth of a 2-year-old child. Which measurement is most
important for evaluating growth in this age group?
A. Head circumference
B. Recumbent length and weight plotted on a growth chart
C. Body mass index (BMI) only
D. Mid-arm circumference
Answer: B
Rationale: For children under 2 years of age, recumbent length and weight are the
primary measurements for assessing growth. Head circumference is important for
infants but becomes less critical after age 2. Growth charts should be used to track
patterns over time.
Question 5
When assessing vital signs in a pediatric patient, which factor is most important for the
nurse to consider?
A. Vital signs are the same for all ages
B. Normal ranges vary significantly by age
C. Blood pressure is not measured in children under 5
D. Respiratory rate is the least important vital sign
Answer: B
Rationale: Normal vital sign ranges vary significantly with age in pediatric patients. For
example, normal heart rates are higher in infants and decrease with age. The nurse must
use age-appropriate reference ranges when assessing pediatric vital signs.
, Chapter 3: Developmental, Emotional, and Behavioral Surveillance and Screening
Question 6
A nurse is reviewing developmental concepts for infants and children. Which statement
best describes development in infants and children?
A. Development, a predictable and orderly process, occurs at varying rates within normal
limits
B. Development is primarily related to the growth in the number and size of cells
C. Development occurs in a proximodistal direction with fine muscle development
occurring first
D. Development is more easily and accurately measured than growth
Answer: A
Rationale: Development is a continuous, orderly process that provides the basis for
increases in the child's function and complexity of behavior. The increases in rate of
function and complexity can vary normally within limits for each child. An increase in the
number and size of cells is a definition for growth. Development proceeds in a
proximodistal direction with fine muscle organization occurring as a result of large
muscle organization. Development is a more complex process that is affected by many
factors; therefore, it is less easily and accurately measured than growth.
Question 7
Frequent developmental assessments are important for which reason?
A. Stable developmental periods during infancy provide an opportunity to identify any
delays or deficits
B. Infants need stimulation specific to the stage of development
C. Critical periods of development occur during childhood
D. Child development is unpredictable and needs monitoring
Answer: C
Rationale: Critical periods are blocks of time during which children are ready to master
specific developmental tasks. Children can master these tasks more easily during
particular periods of time in their growth and developmental process. Infancy is a
dynamic time of development that requires frequent evaluations to assess appropriate
developmental progress. Infants in a nurturing environment will develop appropriately
