,
, ENGV 380 Quiz 7 – Estimates, Construction Contract
Administration & Machine Power | Complete Questions &
Answers | Liberty University 2026 | | just released .
Section 1: Construction Estimates (Questions 1–35)
Question 1: What is the primary purpose of a construction estimate?
A. To determine employee salaries
B. To establish the expected cost of completing the project
C. To select architectural styles
D. To determine property taxes
CorreCt Answer: B. To establish the expected cost of completing the project.
rAtionAle: A construction estimate forecasts the resources and costs required to complete a
project. It is fundamental to bidding, budgeting, and cost control throughout the project lifecycle.
Question 2: What is an order of magnitude estimate?
A. A precise estimate used for final bidding
B. A rough estimate used during the conceptual phase with an accuracy range of -25% to +75%
C. An estimate used only for labor costs
D. A final cost report
CorreCt Answer: B. A rough estimate used during the conceptual phase with an accuracy
range of -25% to +75%.
rAtionAle: Order-of-magnitude estimates are preliminary estimates prepared during the
conceptual or feasibility stage. They have an accuracy range of -25% to +75% and are used for
initial budgeting and feasibility analysis.
Question 3: Which type of estimate is prepared during the design development phase?
A. Order of magnitude estimate
B. Preliminary estimate
C. Detailed estimate
D. Bid estimate
CorreCt Answer: B. Preliminary estimate.
, rAtionAle: Preliminary estimates are prepared during design development when more project
details are available than in the conceptual phase but before construction documents are
complete.
Question 4: What is a detailed estimate?
A. An estimate prepared during the conceptual phase
B. An estimate prepared from completed construction documents with precise quantities
C. An estimate based only on historical data
D. An estimate that does not include labor costs
CorreCt Answer: B. An estimate prepared from completed construction documents with
precise quantities.
rAtionAle: Detailed estimates are prepared from completed construction documents (plans
and specifications) with accurate quantity takeoffs and current pricing for materials, labor, and
equipment.
Question 5: What is a bid estimate?
A. An estimate prepared by the owner
B. An estimate prepared by the contractor for submission with a bid
C. An estimate prepared by the architect
D. An estimate prepared after construction is complete
CorreCt Answer: B. An estimate prepared by the contractor for submission with a bid.
rAtionAle: A bid estimate is the contractor's final estimate used to prepare a competitive bid.
It includes all direct and indirect costs plus profit and contingency.
Question 6: What are direct costs in construction estimating?
A. Overhead costs not attributable to specific work items
B. Costs directly attributable to the construction work (materials, labor, equipment)
C. Profit margins
D. Contingency costs
CorreCt Answer: B. Costs directly attributable to the construction work (materials, labor,
equipment).
rAtionAle: Direct costs are costs directly attributable to the construction work, including
materials, labor, and equipment used specifically for the project.
Question 7: What are indirect costs in construction estimating?
, ENGV 380 Quiz 7 – Estimates, Construction Contract
Administration & Machine Power | Complete Questions &
Answers | Liberty University 2026 | | just released .
Section 1: Construction Estimates (Questions 1–35)
Question 1: What is the primary purpose of a construction estimate?
A. To determine employee salaries
B. To establish the expected cost of completing the project
C. To select architectural styles
D. To determine property taxes
CorreCt Answer: B. To establish the expected cost of completing the project.
rAtionAle: A construction estimate forecasts the resources and costs required to complete a
project. It is fundamental to bidding, budgeting, and cost control throughout the project lifecycle.
Question 2: What is an order of magnitude estimate?
A. A precise estimate used for final bidding
B. A rough estimate used during the conceptual phase with an accuracy range of -25% to +75%
C. An estimate used only for labor costs
D. A final cost report
CorreCt Answer: B. A rough estimate used during the conceptual phase with an accuracy
range of -25% to +75%.
rAtionAle: Order-of-magnitude estimates are preliminary estimates prepared during the
conceptual or feasibility stage. They have an accuracy range of -25% to +75% and are used for
initial budgeting and feasibility analysis.
Question 3: Which type of estimate is prepared during the design development phase?
A. Order of magnitude estimate
B. Preliminary estimate
C. Detailed estimate
D. Bid estimate
CorreCt Answer: B. Preliminary estimate.
, rAtionAle: Preliminary estimates are prepared during design development when more project
details are available than in the conceptual phase but before construction documents are
complete.
Question 4: What is a detailed estimate?
A. An estimate prepared during the conceptual phase
B. An estimate prepared from completed construction documents with precise quantities
C. An estimate based only on historical data
D. An estimate that does not include labor costs
CorreCt Answer: B. An estimate prepared from completed construction documents with
precise quantities.
rAtionAle: Detailed estimates are prepared from completed construction documents (plans
and specifications) with accurate quantity takeoffs and current pricing for materials, labor, and
equipment.
Question 5: What is a bid estimate?
A. An estimate prepared by the owner
B. An estimate prepared by the contractor for submission with a bid
C. An estimate prepared by the architect
D. An estimate prepared after construction is complete
CorreCt Answer: B. An estimate prepared by the contractor for submission with a bid.
rAtionAle: A bid estimate is the contractor's final estimate used to prepare a competitive bid.
It includes all direct and indirect costs plus profit and contingency.
Question 6: What are direct costs in construction estimating?
A. Overhead costs not attributable to specific work items
B. Costs directly attributable to the construction work (materials, labor, equipment)
C. Profit margins
D. Contingency costs
CorreCt Answer: B. Costs directly attributable to the construction work (materials, labor,
equipment).
rAtionAle: Direct costs are costs directly attributable to the construction work, including
materials, labor, and equipment used specifically for the project.
Question 7: What are indirect costs in construction estimating?
