, ENGV 380 Quiz 5 – Estimating Building Projects & Construction
Contract Administration | Questions & Correct Answers | 30/30
| Liberty University 2026 .
Section 1: Estimating Building Projects (Questions 1–25)
Question 1 (From Image): The outside perimeter of a brick wall is 53 ft. Calculate the bricks
required to build this wall if its height is 8 feet and the bricks will all be laid in a running bond.
Standard non-modular bricks have been specified for the project. Assume a 1% waste factor.
A. 2,777 bricks
B. 2,805 bricks
C. 2,832 bricks
D. 2,756 bricks
CorreCt Answer: B. 2,805 bricks.
rAtionAle:
1. Calculate Wall Area: Perimeter × Height = 53 ft × 8 ft = 424 sq ft.
2. Determine Bricks per Square Foot: For standard non-modular bricks laid in a running
bond, the standard estimating factor is approximately 6.55 bricks per square foot.
3. Calculate Base Brick Count: 424 sq ft × 6.55 bricks/sq ft = 2,777.2 bricks.
4. Apply Waste Factor: 2,777.2 × 1.01 (1% waste) = 2,804.97 bricks.
5. Round Up: 2,805 bricks.
Question 2: What is a quantity takeoff?
A. The process of calculating labor costs
B. The process of measuring and listing all materials and work items from construction
documents
C. The process of estimating equipment costs
D. The process of determining profit margins
CorreCt Answer: B. The process of measuring and listing all materials and work items from
construction documents.
rAtionAle: A quantity takeoff involves measuring and listing all materials, components, and
work items from the construction plans and specifications. It is the foundation of accurate
estimating and ensures no materials are missed.
, Question 3: Which type of estimate is prepared during the conceptual phase with an accuracy
range of -25% to +75%?
A. Detailed estimate
B. Preliminary estimate
C. Order of magnitude estimate
D. Bid estimate
CorreCt Answer: C. Order of magnitude estimate.
rAtionAle: Order-of-magnitude estimates are preliminary estimates prepared during the
conceptual or feasibility stage. They have an accuracy range of -25% to +75% and are used for
initial budgeting and feasibility analysis.
Question 4: What is the typical accuracy range for a detailed estimate prepared from
completed construction documents?
A. -5% to +5%
B. -25% to +75%
C. -10% to +15%
D. -50% to +100%
CorreCt Answer: C. -10% to +15%.
rAtionAle: Detailed estimates prepared from completed construction documents (plans and
specifications) typically have an accuracy range of -10% to +15%, reflecting the precision of the
available information.
Question 5: What are direct costs in construction estimating?
A. Overhead costs not attributable to specific work items
B. Costs directly attributable to the construction work (materials, labor, equipment)
C. Profit margins
D. Contingency costs
CorreCt Answer: B. Costs directly attributable to the construction work (materials, labor,
equipment).
rAtionAle: Direct costs are costs directly attributable to the construction work, including
materials, labor, and equipment used specifically for the project.
Question 6: What are indirect costs in construction estimating?
A. Material costs
B. Labor costs
Contract Administration | Questions & Correct Answers | 30/30
| Liberty University 2026 .
Section 1: Estimating Building Projects (Questions 1–25)
Question 1 (From Image): The outside perimeter of a brick wall is 53 ft. Calculate the bricks
required to build this wall if its height is 8 feet and the bricks will all be laid in a running bond.
Standard non-modular bricks have been specified for the project. Assume a 1% waste factor.
A. 2,777 bricks
B. 2,805 bricks
C. 2,832 bricks
D. 2,756 bricks
CorreCt Answer: B. 2,805 bricks.
rAtionAle:
1. Calculate Wall Area: Perimeter × Height = 53 ft × 8 ft = 424 sq ft.
2. Determine Bricks per Square Foot: For standard non-modular bricks laid in a running
bond, the standard estimating factor is approximately 6.55 bricks per square foot.
3. Calculate Base Brick Count: 424 sq ft × 6.55 bricks/sq ft = 2,777.2 bricks.
4. Apply Waste Factor: 2,777.2 × 1.01 (1% waste) = 2,804.97 bricks.
5. Round Up: 2,805 bricks.
Question 2: What is a quantity takeoff?
A. The process of calculating labor costs
B. The process of measuring and listing all materials and work items from construction
documents
C. The process of estimating equipment costs
D. The process of determining profit margins
CorreCt Answer: B. The process of measuring and listing all materials and work items from
construction documents.
rAtionAle: A quantity takeoff involves measuring and listing all materials, components, and
work items from the construction plans and specifications. It is the foundation of accurate
estimating and ensures no materials are missed.
, Question 3: Which type of estimate is prepared during the conceptual phase with an accuracy
range of -25% to +75%?
A. Detailed estimate
B. Preliminary estimate
C. Order of magnitude estimate
D. Bid estimate
CorreCt Answer: C. Order of magnitude estimate.
rAtionAle: Order-of-magnitude estimates are preliminary estimates prepared during the
conceptual or feasibility stage. They have an accuracy range of -25% to +75% and are used for
initial budgeting and feasibility analysis.
Question 4: What is the typical accuracy range for a detailed estimate prepared from
completed construction documents?
A. -5% to +5%
B. -25% to +75%
C. -10% to +15%
D. -50% to +100%
CorreCt Answer: C. -10% to +15%.
rAtionAle: Detailed estimates prepared from completed construction documents (plans and
specifications) typically have an accuracy range of -10% to +15%, reflecting the precision of the
available information.
Question 5: What are direct costs in construction estimating?
A. Overhead costs not attributable to specific work items
B. Costs directly attributable to the construction work (materials, labor, equipment)
C. Profit margins
D. Contingency costs
CorreCt Answer: B. Costs directly attributable to the construction work (materials, labor,
equipment).
rAtionAle: Direct costs are costs directly attributable to the construction work, including
materials, labor, and equipment used specifically for the project.
Question 6: What are indirect costs in construction estimating?
A. Material costs
B. Labor costs
