NCM 106 M6 PART 3 EXAM 2026/2027 | COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |
EXAM PREP | LATEST EXAM GUIDE 2026&2027
1. A patient receiving methotrexate for a malignancy asks why regular blood tests are
necessary. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?
A. They determine whether the medication is controlling pain.
B. They monitor for hematologic and other toxic effects of therapy.
C. They determine whether the medication should be taken with food.
D. They measure the patient's immune response to vaccines.
Answer: B
Methotrexate can suppress bone marrow function and produce other toxicities. Laboratory
monitoring helps detect complications early and guides safe treatment.
2. Which nursing assessment is most important before administering doxorubicin?
A. Visual acuity
B. Bowel sounds
C. Cardiac function
D. Hearing acuity
Answer: C
Doxorubicin is associated with cardiotoxicity. Baseline and ongoing assessment of cardiac
function is therefore an important safety measure.
3. A patient receiving vincristine reports new difficulty walking and tingling in both feet.
What should the nurse do first?
A. Assess for peripheral neurologic toxicity and notify the oncology team.
B. Encourage the patient to ambulate more frequently.
C. Administer an additional dose of the medication.
D. Reassure the patient that the finding is unrelated to therapy.
Answer: A
Vincristine can cause peripheral neuropathy. New neurologic symptoms require prompt
assessment and communication with the oncology team.
4. Which statement best describes the action of vinca alkaloids?
A. They stimulate DNA synthesis.
B. They increase platelet production.
C. They enhance estrogen activity.
D. They interfere with microtubule function during cell division.
,Answer: D
Vinca alkaloids interfere with microtubules, disrupting mitosis and ultimately contributing to
cancer-cell death.
5. A patient receiving chemotherapy has an absolute neutrophil count that is critically low.
Which nursing intervention has the highest priority?
A. Encourage raw fruits and vegetables.
B. Implement appropriate infection-prevention measures.
C. Encourage contact with visitors.
D. Administer live vaccines routinely.
Answer: B
Severe neutropenia increases infection risk. Appropriate precautions and prompt evaluation
of infection signs are essential.
6. Which medication is classified as an antimetabolite?
A. Methotrexate
B. Vincristine
C. Tamoxifen
D. Doxorubicin
Answer: A
Methotrexate is an antimetabolite that interferes with folate-dependent cellular processes
and DNA synthesis.
7. A patient prescribed tamoxifen asks why the medication is used for breast cancer. Which
explanation is most accurate?
A. It directly destroys all rapidly dividing cells.
B. It stimulates progesterone receptors.
C. It blocks estrogen activity in breast tissue.
D. It increases testosterone production.
Answer: C
Tamoxifen has anti-estrogenic effects in breast tissue and is commonly used in hormone-
receptor-positive breast cancer.
8. Which adverse effect should the nurse associate most closely with cytotoxic
chemotherapy?
A. Permanent improvement in immunity
B. Increased red-cell production
C. Increased appetite in every patient
D. Bone marrow suppression
,Answer: D
Many cytotoxic agents suppress rapidly dividing bone marrow cells, potentially causing
neutropenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia.
9. A patient receiving chemotherapy develops a temperature of 38.5°C. What is the priority
nursing action?
A. Encourage the patient to sleep.
B. Report the fever promptly and follow the neutropenic-fever protocol.
C. Wait until the next scheduled clinic appointment.
D. Give a live vaccine.
Answer: B
Fever during chemotherapy may indicate a serious infection, particularly when neutropenia is
present. Prompt evaluation is required.
10. Which chemotherapy-related laboratory finding is most concerning for
thrombocytopenia?
A. Increased platelet count
B. Increased hemoglobin
C. Decreased platelet count
D. Increased neutrophil count
Answer: C
Thrombocytopenia is characterized by a decreased platelet count and increases the patient's
risk for bleeding.
11. What is the primary purpose of administering folic acid and vitamin B12 with
pemetrexed therapy when prescribed?
A. To reduce certain treatment-related toxicities.
B. To increase tumor growth.
C. To prevent hypertension.
D. To eliminate the need for laboratory monitoring.
Answer: A
Folic acid and vitamin B12 supplementation is used with pemetrexed to reduce hematologic
and gastrointestinal toxicity.
12. Which drug is commonly associated with treatment of acute myeloid leukemia?
A. Raloxifene
B. Tamoxifen
C. Thioguanine
D. Cytarabine
, Answer: D
Cytarabine is an antimetabolite used in the treatment of several hematologic malignancies,
including acute myeloid leukemia.
13. A patient receiving chemotherapy asks why nausea occurs after treatment. Which
explanation is most appropriate?
A. Chemotherapy permanently stops gastrointestinal activity.
B. Chemotherapy can stimulate pathways involved in the vomiting response.
C. Chemotherapy always causes intestinal obstruction.
D. Nausea proves that the treatment has failed.
Answer: B
Many antineoplastic agents activate central and peripheral pathways involved in nausea and
vomiting, making antiemetic therapy an important supportive measure.
14. Which assessment is particularly important in a patient receiving doxorubicin?
A. Cardiac status
B. Visual-field testing only
C. Skin temperature only
D. Hearing screening only
Answer: A
Doxorubicin can produce cumulative cardiac toxicity, so cardiac assessment is an important
component of safe therapy.
15. Which medication belongs to the taxane group?
A. Methotrexate
B. Paclitaxel
C. Tamoxifen
D. Mercaptopurine
Answer: B
Paclitaxel is a taxane that interferes with microtubule dynamics and cell division.
16. A patient receiving vinblastine asks why blood counts are monitored. What is the best
response?
A. The medication always increases platelets.
B. The drug permanently increases white-cell production.
C. The medication may suppress bone marrow activity.
D. Blood counts determine the patient's pain level.
Answer: C
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |
EXAM PREP | LATEST EXAM GUIDE 2026&2027
1. A patient receiving methotrexate for a malignancy asks why regular blood tests are
necessary. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?
A. They determine whether the medication is controlling pain.
B. They monitor for hematologic and other toxic effects of therapy.
C. They determine whether the medication should be taken with food.
D. They measure the patient's immune response to vaccines.
Answer: B
Methotrexate can suppress bone marrow function and produce other toxicities. Laboratory
monitoring helps detect complications early and guides safe treatment.
2. Which nursing assessment is most important before administering doxorubicin?
A. Visual acuity
B. Bowel sounds
C. Cardiac function
D. Hearing acuity
Answer: C
Doxorubicin is associated with cardiotoxicity. Baseline and ongoing assessment of cardiac
function is therefore an important safety measure.
3. A patient receiving vincristine reports new difficulty walking and tingling in both feet.
What should the nurse do first?
A. Assess for peripheral neurologic toxicity and notify the oncology team.
B. Encourage the patient to ambulate more frequently.
C. Administer an additional dose of the medication.
D. Reassure the patient that the finding is unrelated to therapy.
Answer: A
Vincristine can cause peripheral neuropathy. New neurologic symptoms require prompt
assessment and communication with the oncology team.
4. Which statement best describes the action of vinca alkaloids?
A. They stimulate DNA synthesis.
B. They increase platelet production.
C. They enhance estrogen activity.
D. They interfere with microtubule function during cell division.
,Answer: D
Vinca alkaloids interfere with microtubules, disrupting mitosis and ultimately contributing to
cancer-cell death.
5. A patient receiving chemotherapy has an absolute neutrophil count that is critically low.
Which nursing intervention has the highest priority?
A. Encourage raw fruits and vegetables.
B. Implement appropriate infection-prevention measures.
C. Encourage contact with visitors.
D. Administer live vaccines routinely.
Answer: B
Severe neutropenia increases infection risk. Appropriate precautions and prompt evaluation
of infection signs are essential.
6. Which medication is classified as an antimetabolite?
A. Methotrexate
B. Vincristine
C. Tamoxifen
D. Doxorubicin
Answer: A
Methotrexate is an antimetabolite that interferes with folate-dependent cellular processes
and DNA synthesis.
7. A patient prescribed tamoxifen asks why the medication is used for breast cancer. Which
explanation is most accurate?
A. It directly destroys all rapidly dividing cells.
B. It stimulates progesterone receptors.
C. It blocks estrogen activity in breast tissue.
D. It increases testosterone production.
Answer: C
Tamoxifen has anti-estrogenic effects in breast tissue and is commonly used in hormone-
receptor-positive breast cancer.
8. Which adverse effect should the nurse associate most closely with cytotoxic
chemotherapy?
A. Permanent improvement in immunity
B. Increased red-cell production
C. Increased appetite in every patient
D. Bone marrow suppression
,Answer: D
Many cytotoxic agents suppress rapidly dividing bone marrow cells, potentially causing
neutropenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia.
9. A patient receiving chemotherapy develops a temperature of 38.5°C. What is the priority
nursing action?
A. Encourage the patient to sleep.
B. Report the fever promptly and follow the neutropenic-fever protocol.
C. Wait until the next scheduled clinic appointment.
D. Give a live vaccine.
Answer: B
Fever during chemotherapy may indicate a serious infection, particularly when neutropenia is
present. Prompt evaluation is required.
10. Which chemotherapy-related laboratory finding is most concerning for
thrombocytopenia?
A. Increased platelet count
B. Increased hemoglobin
C. Decreased platelet count
D. Increased neutrophil count
Answer: C
Thrombocytopenia is characterized by a decreased platelet count and increases the patient's
risk for bleeding.
11. What is the primary purpose of administering folic acid and vitamin B12 with
pemetrexed therapy when prescribed?
A. To reduce certain treatment-related toxicities.
B. To increase tumor growth.
C. To prevent hypertension.
D. To eliminate the need for laboratory monitoring.
Answer: A
Folic acid and vitamin B12 supplementation is used with pemetrexed to reduce hematologic
and gastrointestinal toxicity.
12. Which drug is commonly associated with treatment of acute myeloid leukemia?
A. Raloxifene
B. Tamoxifen
C. Thioguanine
D. Cytarabine
, Answer: D
Cytarabine is an antimetabolite used in the treatment of several hematologic malignancies,
including acute myeloid leukemia.
13. A patient receiving chemotherapy asks why nausea occurs after treatment. Which
explanation is most appropriate?
A. Chemotherapy permanently stops gastrointestinal activity.
B. Chemotherapy can stimulate pathways involved in the vomiting response.
C. Chemotherapy always causes intestinal obstruction.
D. Nausea proves that the treatment has failed.
Answer: B
Many antineoplastic agents activate central and peripheral pathways involved in nausea and
vomiting, making antiemetic therapy an important supportive measure.
14. Which assessment is particularly important in a patient receiving doxorubicin?
A. Cardiac status
B. Visual-field testing only
C. Skin temperature only
D. Hearing screening only
Answer: A
Doxorubicin can produce cumulative cardiac toxicity, so cardiac assessment is an important
component of safe therapy.
15. Which medication belongs to the taxane group?
A. Methotrexate
B. Paclitaxel
C. Tamoxifen
D. Mercaptopurine
Answer: B
Paclitaxel is a taxane that interferes with microtubule dynamics and cell division.
16. A patient receiving vinblastine asks why blood counts are monitored. What is the best
response?
A. The medication always increases platelets.
B. The drug permanently increases white-cell production.
C. The medication may suppress bone marrow activity.
D. Blood counts determine the patient's pain level.
Answer: C
