NUR 102 FINAL EXAM – QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | VERIFIED AND WELL DETAILED ANSWERS | PLUS
RATIONALES | DOWNLOAD AND PASS | LATEST EXAM UPDATE 2026/2027
Core Domains
Foundations of Nursing Practice
Health Assessment and Physical Examination
Fundamentals of Patient Care
Pharmacology and Medication Administration
Infection Control and Safety
Ethics, Law, and Professional Standards
Communication and Documentation
Critical Thinking and Clinical Decision-Making
Maternal and Pediatric Nursing
Medical-Surgical Nursing
Introduction
This comprehensive final examination is designed to evaluate the nursing student's mastery of essential concepts
required for safe, effective, and ethical professional practice. The assessment focuses on foundational nursing theory,
,applied clinical skills, regulatory compliance, and professional decision-making. Through multiple-choice and scenario-
based questions, candidates are challenged to demonstrate critical thinking, prioritize patient safety, and apply
evidence-based knowledge to real-world healthcare situations. This exam emphasizes the practical application of
nursing principles to ensure readiness for entry-level practice and promote positive patient outcomes across diverse
populations and healthcare settings.
SECTION ONE: QUESTIONS 1–50
1. A nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a patient who has difficulty swallowing pills. Which action is
most appropriate?
A. Crush the medication and mix it with applesauce without checking with the prescriber
B. Check the medication formulary to determine if it can be crushed or split
C. Withhold the medication and document the patient's refusal
D. Place the pill in the patient's mouth and encourage them to swallow with water
🟢 Correct Answer: B. Check the medication formulary to determine if it can be crushed or split
🔴 Explanation: Some medications are extended-release, enteric-coated, or have other properties that make
crushing unsafe, as it can alter absorption and cause harm. The nurse must verify whether a medication can be safely
,altered before administration.
2. Which of the following is the primary purpose of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
(HIPAA)?
A. To ensure patients receive affordable healthcare
B. To protect the privacy and security of patient health information
C. To standardize nursing licensure across states
D. To regulate the cost of prescription medications
🟢 Correct Answer: B. To protect the privacy and security of patient health information
🔴 Explanation: HIPAA is a federal law enacted to safeguard protected health information (PHI) and ensure patient
confidentiality in all healthcare settings.
3. A nurse notices a colleague failing to perform hand hygiene between patient contacts. What is the most
appropriate initial action?
A. Report the colleague immediately to the state board of nursing
B. Ignore the behavior as it is a personal choice
C. Speak privately with the colleague about the observed behavior
D. Document the incident in the patient's chart
, 🟢 Correct Answer: C. Speak privately with the colleague about the observed behavior
🔴 Explanation: The nurse should first address the issue directly and professionally with the colleague. If the
behavior continues, it should be escalated to a supervisor or through the chain of command.
4. Which assessment finding indicates a patient is experiencing fluid volume deficit?
A. Bounding pulse and hypertension
B. Crackles in the lungs and weight gain
C. Tachycardia and decreased skin turgor
D. Peripheral edema and jugular vein distention
🟢 Correct Answer: C. Tachycardia and decreased skin turgor
🔴 Explanation: Fluid volume deficit, or dehydration, presents with increased heart rate as the body compensates
and poor skin turgor due to loss of interstitial fluid.
5. A nurse is caring for a patient with a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Which statement by the patient
indicates a need for further teaching?
A. "I will check my blood sugar levels before meals."
B. "I can skip my insulin if I don't eat carbohydrates."
RATIONALES | DOWNLOAD AND PASS | LATEST EXAM UPDATE 2026/2027
Core Domains
Foundations of Nursing Practice
Health Assessment and Physical Examination
Fundamentals of Patient Care
Pharmacology and Medication Administration
Infection Control and Safety
Ethics, Law, and Professional Standards
Communication and Documentation
Critical Thinking and Clinical Decision-Making
Maternal and Pediatric Nursing
Medical-Surgical Nursing
Introduction
This comprehensive final examination is designed to evaluate the nursing student's mastery of essential concepts
required for safe, effective, and ethical professional practice. The assessment focuses on foundational nursing theory,
,applied clinical skills, regulatory compliance, and professional decision-making. Through multiple-choice and scenario-
based questions, candidates are challenged to demonstrate critical thinking, prioritize patient safety, and apply
evidence-based knowledge to real-world healthcare situations. This exam emphasizes the practical application of
nursing principles to ensure readiness for entry-level practice and promote positive patient outcomes across diverse
populations and healthcare settings.
SECTION ONE: QUESTIONS 1–50
1. A nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a patient who has difficulty swallowing pills. Which action is
most appropriate?
A. Crush the medication and mix it with applesauce without checking with the prescriber
B. Check the medication formulary to determine if it can be crushed or split
C. Withhold the medication and document the patient's refusal
D. Place the pill in the patient's mouth and encourage them to swallow with water
🟢 Correct Answer: B. Check the medication formulary to determine if it can be crushed or split
🔴 Explanation: Some medications are extended-release, enteric-coated, or have other properties that make
crushing unsafe, as it can alter absorption and cause harm. The nurse must verify whether a medication can be safely
,altered before administration.
2. Which of the following is the primary purpose of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
(HIPAA)?
A. To ensure patients receive affordable healthcare
B. To protect the privacy and security of patient health information
C. To standardize nursing licensure across states
D. To regulate the cost of prescription medications
🟢 Correct Answer: B. To protect the privacy and security of patient health information
🔴 Explanation: HIPAA is a federal law enacted to safeguard protected health information (PHI) and ensure patient
confidentiality in all healthcare settings.
3. A nurse notices a colleague failing to perform hand hygiene between patient contacts. What is the most
appropriate initial action?
A. Report the colleague immediately to the state board of nursing
B. Ignore the behavior as it is a personal choice
C. Speak privately with the colleague about the observed behavior
D. Document the incident in the patient's chart
, 🟢 Correct Answer: C. Speak privately with the colleague about the observed behavior
🔴 Explanation: The nurse should first address the issue directly and professionally with the colleague. If the
behavior continues, it should be escalated to a supervisor or through the chain of command.
4. Which assessment finding indicates a patient is experiencing fluid volume deficit?
A. Bounding pulse and hypertension
B. Crackles in the lungs and weight gain
C. Tachycardia and decreased skin turgor
D. Peripheral edema and jugular vein distention
🟢 Correct Answer: C. Tachycardia and decreased skin turgor
🔴 Explanation: Fluid volume deficit, or dehydration, presents with increased heart rate as the body compensates
and poor skin turgor due to loss of interstitial fluid.
5. A nurse is caring for a patient with a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Which statement by the patient
indicates a need for further teaching?
A. "I will check my blood sugar levels before meals."
B. "I can skip my insulin if I don't eat carbohydrates."
