IS 3003-CHAPTER 11 EXAM | COMPLETE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) | EXAM PREP
PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | LATEST EXAM
GUIDE 2026&2027
1. A manager is evaluating several possible solutions to a staffing problem and is
identifying and exploring alternative courses of action. Which phase of the decision-
making process is being performed?
A. Intelligence
B. Design
C. Choice
D. Implementation
Answer: B
The design phase involves developing and exploring possible solutions after the problem has
been identified.
2. A regional manager notices that customer complaints have increased significantly
during the past quarter and begins investigating the underlying causes. Which
decision-making phase is this?
A. Intelligence
B. Design
C. Choice
D. Evaluation
Answer: A
The intelligence phase involves identifying and diagnosing problems or opportunities that
require managerial attention.
3. A manager compares three proposed inventory policies and selects the one that
provides the best balance of cost and service. Which phase is illustrated?
A. Intelligence
B. Design
C. Choice
D. Implementation
Answer: C
,The choice phase involves selecting one alternative from the solutions developed during the
design phase.
4. A company has selected a new forecasting system and begins configuring it for use
by employees. Which activity represents implementation?
A. Identifying the original problem
B. Developing alternative solutions
C. Selecting among alternatives
D. Putting the selected solution into operation
Answer: D
Implementation occurs when the chosen solution is introduced and put into practical use.
5. Which type of problem exists when there is no well-understood or agreed-upon
procedure for making a decision?
A. Structured problem
B. Routine problem
C. Unstructured problem
D. Automated problem
Answer: C
An unstructured problem does not have a clearly defined procedure or established sequence
of steps for reaching a solution.
6. A payroll department uses a fixed procedure to calculate employee deductions every
pay period. This type of decision is best classified as:
A. Unstructured
B. Structured
C. Strategic
D. Exploratory
Answer: B
Structured decisions can be handled using established procedures and clearly defined rules.
7. Which system is specifically designed to capture best-practice solutions and
represent them as rules within software?
A. Expert system
B. Transaction processing system
C. Executive information system
D. Geographic information system
Answer: A
,Expert systems capture specialized knowledge and use rules or other representations to
support problem solving.
8. A hospital wants software that can apply the diagnostic reasoning of experienced
specialists to assist less-experienced clinicians. Which technology is most
appropriate?
A. Spreadsheet
B. Expert system
C. Transaction processing system
D. Data warehouse
Answer: B
An expert system is intended to reproduce aspects of specialized human expertise in a
computerized environment.
9. What is the primary purpose of the knowledge base in an expert system?
A. Store transaction timestamps
B. Store specialized facts and rules
C. Generate payroll reports
D. Manage network connections
Answer: B
The knowledge base contains the domain-specific facts, rules, and relationships used by an
expert system.
10. An organization hires a specialist to identify and document the reasoning used by
experienced employees so that it can be incorporated into an expert system. What is
this activity primarily concerned with?
A. Knowledge acquisition
B. Data normalization
C. Transaction processing
D. Network administration
Answer: A
Knowledge acquisition involves obtaining specialized knowledge from experts and other
relevant sources for use in a knowledge-based system.
11. Which person typically works with domain experts to translate specialized
knowledge into a form that can be incorporated into an expert system?
A. Database administrator
B. Knowledge engineer
C. End-user auditor
D. Network technician
, Answer: B
A knowledge engineer elicits, organizes, represents, and maintains expert knowledge for a
knowledge-based system.
12. A senior tax specialist provides rules and decision criteria used to build an
automated tax advisory system. What is the specialist's primary role?
A. Knowledge user
B. Domain expert
C. Systems operator
D. Database administrator
Answer: B
A domain expert possesses the specialized knowledge that the expert system is designed to
capture and apply.
13. Which component of an expert system applies rules to information supplied about a
particular problem?
A. Inference engine
B. Data warehouse
C. Report generator
D. User profile
Answer: A
The inference engine applies the rules in the knowledge base to available facts to derive
conclusions or recommendations.
14. A customer-service expert system receives information about a customer's problem
and determines which troubleshooting rule should be applied. Which component
performs this reasoning?
A. Knowledge base
B. Inference engine
C. Data dictionary
D. Transaction processor
Answer: B
The inference engine performs the reasoning process by evaluating facts against the system's
rules.
15. An expert system explains which rules caused it to recommend replacing a defective
component. Which capability is being demonstrated?
A. Explanation facility
B. Transaction authorization
AND ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) | EXAM PREP
PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | LATEST EXAM
GUIDE 2026&2027
1. A manager is evaluating several possible solutions to a staffing problem and is
identifying and exploring alternative courses of action. Which phase of the decision-
making process is being performed?
A. Intelligence
B. Design
C. Choice
D. Implementation
Answer: B
The design phase involves developing and exploring possible solutions after the problem has
been identified.
2. A regional manager notices that customer complaints have increased significantly
during the past quarter and begins investigating the underlying causes. Which
decision-making phase is this?
A. Intelligence
B. Design
C. Choice
D. Evaluation
Answer: A
The intelligence phase involves identifying and diagnosing problems or opportunities that
require managerial attention.
3. A manager compares three proposed inventory policies and selects the one that
provides the best balance of cost and service. Which phase is illustrated?
A. Intelligence
B. Design
C. Choice
D. Implementation
Answer: C
,The choice phase involves selecting one alternative from the solutions developed during the
design phase.
4. A company has selected a new forecasting system and begins configuring it for use
by employees. Which activity represents implementation?
A. Identifying the original problem
B. Developing alternative solutions
C. Selecting among alternatives
D. Putting the selected solution into operation
Answer: D
Implementation occurs when the chosen solution is introduced and put into practical use.
5. Which type of problem exists when there is no well-understood or agreed-upon
procedure for making a decision?
A. Structured problem
B. Routine problem
C. Unstructured problem
D. Automated problem
Answer: C
An unstructured problem does not have a clearly defined procedure or established sequence
of steps for reaching a solution.
6. A payroll department uses a fixed procedure to calculate employee deductions every
pay period. This type of decision is best classified as:
A. Unstructured
B. Structured
C. Strategic
D. Exploratory
Answer: B
Structured decisions can be handled using established procedures and clearly defined rules.
7. Which system is specifically designed to capture best-practice solutions and
represent them as rules within software?
A. Expert system
B. Transaction processing system
C. Executive information system
D. Geographic information system
Answer: A
,Expert systems capture specialized knowledge and use rules or other representations to
support problem solving.
8. A hospital wants software that can apply the diagnostic reasoning of experienced
specialists to assist less-experienced clinicians. Which technology is most
appropriate?
A. Spreadsheet
B. Expert system
C. Transaction processing system
D. Data warehouse
Answer: B
An expert system is intended to reproduce aspects of specialized human expertise in a
computerized environment.
9. What is the primary purpose of the knowledge base in an expert system?
A. Store transaction timestamps
B. Store specialized facts and rules
C. Generate payroll reports
D. Manage network connections
Answer: B
The knowledge base contains the domain-specific facts, rules, and relationships used by an
expert system.
10. An organization hires a specialist to identify and document the reasoning used by
experienced employees so that it can be incorporated into an expert system. What is
this activity primarily concerned with?
A. Knowledge acquisition
B. Data normalization
C. Transaction processing
D. Network administration
Answer: A
Knowledge acquisition involves obtaining specialized knowledge from experts and other
relevant sources for use in a knowledge-based system.
11. Which person typically works with domain experts to translate specialized
knowledge into a form that can be incorporated into an expert system?
A. Database administrator
B. Knowledge engineer
C. End-user auditor
D. Network technician
, Answer: B
A knowledge engineer elicits, organizes, represents, and maintains expert knowledge for a
knowledge-based system.
12. A senior tax specialist provides rules and decision criteria used to build an
automated tax advisory system. What is the specialist's primary role?
A. Knowledge user
B. Domain expert
C. Systems operator
D. Database administrator
Answer: B
A domain expert possesses the specialized knowledge that the expert system is designed to
capture and apply.
13. Which component of an expert system applies rules to information supplied about a
particular problem?
A. Inference engine
B. Data warehouse
C. Report generator
D. User profile
Answer: A
The inference engine applies the rules in the knowledge base to available facts to derive
conclusions or recommendations.
14. A customer-service expert system receives information about a customer's problem
and determines which troubleshooting rule should be applied. Which component
performs this reasoning?
A. Knowledge base
B. Inference engine
C. Data dictionary
D. Transaction processor
Answer: B
The inference engine performs the reasoning process by evaluating facts against the system's
rules.
15. An expert system explains which rules caused it to recommend replacing a defective
component. Which capability is being demonstrated?
A. Explanation facility
B. Transaction authorization
