NURSING EXAM PREP
NSG 3280 EXAM 2 A+
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FOR NURSES I
2026/2027 ACTUAL EXAM TEST BANK
WITH REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
100% CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS
(GUARANTEED PASS!!)
Aligned to Galen College NSG 3280 Pathophysiology for Nurses I Objectives • Intermediate Nursing Course Level
A+ QUESTIONS 5 SECTIONS 100%
VERIFIED COMPLETE RATIONALES
CATEGORIES
■ SECTION 1 — Cellular Adaptation, Injury & Inflammation
■ SECTION 2 — Cardiovascular Pathophysiology
■ SECTION 3 — Respiratory Pathophysiology
■ SECTION 4 — Renal, Fluid/Electrolyte & Acid-Base Disorders
■ SECTION 5 — Endocrine, Neurologic & Multisystem Concepts
STUVIAACTUALEXAM
Passing Score: 80% | 1 Mark per Question | Application / Analysis Level
, SECTION 1 — Cellular Adaptation, Injury & Inflammation
Q1.
A client with long-standing hypertension develops thickening of the left ventricular wall. This cellular change is an example of:
A. Hypertrophy in response to increased workload
B. Metaplasia of cardiac muscle into squamous epithelium
C. Apoptosis of healthy myocytes without stress
D. Atrophy from disuse
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hypertrophy is an increase in cell size due to increased demand or hormonal stimulation. Chronic pressure overload from
hypertension produces left-ventricular hypertrophy.
Q2.
Chronic cigarette smoking causes replacement of normal bronchial columnar epithelium with stratified squamous epithelium.
This adaptive change is:
A. Metaplasia
B. Hyperplasia of identical cell type only
C. Necrosis of the entire airway wall
D. Hypertrophy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Metaplasia is the reversible replacement of one differentiated cell type by another, often in response to chronic irritation such as
smoking.
Q3.
A pathologist notes disordered cellular growth with loss of architectural organization in a cervical biopsy. This description best
matches:
A. Dysplasia
B. Physiologic hyperplasia
C. Atrophy
D. Hypertrophy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dysplasia is disordered growth and maturation of cells; it is considered a premalignant change when severe and persistent.
Q4.
Programmed cell death that occurs in an orderly fashion without eliciting significant inflammation is termed:
A. Caseous necrosis
B. Gangrenous necrosis
C. Coagulative necrosis
D. Apoptosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Apoptosis is genetically regulated cell death that removes cells cleanly; necrosis is uncontrolled cell death that typically provokes
inflammation.
Q5.
Acute inflammation is characterized early by which vascular and cellular events?
A. Vasodilation, increased vascular permeability, and neutrophil emigration
B. Immediate scar formation without exudate
C. Exclusive involvement of lymphocytes from the first hour
D. Fibrosis and angiogenesis only
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The acute inflammatory response begins with vascular changes that allow plasma proteins and neutrophils to reach the site of
injury.
STUVIAACTUALEXAM • Page 2
NSG 3280 EXAM 2 A+
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FOR NURSES I
2026/2027 ACTUAL EXAM TEST BANK
WITH REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
100% CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS
(GUARANTEED PASS!!)
Aligned to Galen College NSG 3280 Pathophysiology for Nurses I Objectives • Intermediate Nursing Course Level
A+ QUESTIONS 5 SECTIONS 100%
VERIFIED COMPLETE RATIONALES
CATEGORIES
■ SECTION 1 — Cellular Adaptation, Injury & Inflammation
■ SECTION 2 — Cardiovascular Pathophysiology
■ SECTION 3 — Respiratory Pathophysiology
■ SECTION 4 — Renal, Fluid/Electrolyte & Acid-Base Disorders
■ SECTION 5 — Endocrine, Neurologic & Multisystem Concepts
STUVIAACTUALEXAM
Passing Score: 80% | 1 Mark per Question | Application / Analysis Level
, SECTION 1 — Cellular Adaptation, Injury & Inflammation
Q1.
A client with long-standing hypertension develops thickening of the left ventricular wall. This cellular change is an example of:
A. Hypertrophy in response to increased workload
B. Metaplasia of cardiac muscle into squamous epithelium
C. Apoptosis of healthy myocytes without stress
D. Atrophy from disuse
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hypertrophy is an increase in cell size due to increased demand or hormonal stimulation. Chronic pressure overload from
hypertension produces left-ventricular hypertrophy.
Q2.
Chronic cigarette smoking causes replacement of normal bronchial columnar epithelium with stratified squamous epithelium.
This adaptive change is:
A. Metaplasia
B. Hyperplasia of identical cell type only
C. Necrosis of the entire airway wall
D. Hypertrophy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Metaplasia is the reversible replacement of one differentiated cell type by another, often in response to chronic irritation such as
smoking.
Q3.
A pathologist notes disordered cellular growth with loss of architectural organization in a cervical biopsy. This description best
matches:
A. Dysplasia
B. Physiologic hyperplasia
C. Atrophy
D. Hypertrophy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dysplasia is disordered growth and maturation of cells; it is considered a premalignant change when severe and persistent.
Q4.
Programmed cell death that occurs in an orderly fashion without eliciting significant inflammation is termed:
A. Caseous necrosis
B. Gangrenous necrosis
C. Coagulative necrosis
D. Apoptosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Apoptosis is genetically regulated cell death that removes cells cleanly; necrosis is uncontrolled cell death that typically provokes
inflammation.
Q5.
Acute inflammation is characterized early by which vascular and cellular events?
A. Vasodilation, increased vascular permeability, and neutrophil emigration
B. Immediate scar formation without exudate
C. Exclusive involvement of lymphocytes from the first hour
D. Fibrosis and angiogenesis only
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The acute inflammatory response begins with vascular changes that allow plasma proteins and neutrophils to reach the site of
injury.
STUVIAACTUALEXAM • Page 2
