MN 580 Final Exam Actual Exam
(Version) | Complete QUESTIONS
MERGED WITH CORRECT COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS || ALREADY GRADED A+ ||
2026-2027 LATEST UPDATE!!!
Dermatomes - ANSWER-area of the skin that is mainly supplied by
branches of a single spinal sensory nerve root. These spinal sensory
nerves enter the nerve root at the spinal cord, and their branches
reach to the periphery of the body.
Substance release at the synapse - ANSWER-Acetylcholine- Excitatory
or inhibitory- Alzheimer’s
Norepi- Excitatory or inhibitory- sleep/wake cycle, SYNS transmission
Dopa- Excitatory (h1 and h2 receptors) and inhibitory (H3 receptors).
Parkinson disease
,Spondylolysis - ANSWER-structural defect (degeneration, fracture, or
developmental defect) in the pars interarticularis of the vertebral arch
(the joining of the vertebral body to the posterior structures). The
lumbar spine at L5 is affected most often.
-Heredity
-Other congenital spinal defects
motor and sensory areas of the brain - ANSWER-Parietal lobe- major
area for somatic sensory input, located along the postcentral gyrus.
which is adjacent to the primary motor area in the precentral gyrus.
Primary motor area (Brodmann area 4)- located along the precentral
gyrus forming the primary voluntary motor area (homunculus) (little
man).
Association fibers provide communication between sensory and
motor
Ischemic penumbra - ANSWER-ischemic but not infarcted
(salvageable) tissue. Peri-infarct tissue.
-no structural damage
Cerebral infarction - ANSWER-ischemic- white infarct (affected area is
pale and soft 6-12 hours after). necrosis appears by 48 to 72 hours.
Infiltration of macrophages and phagocytosis of necrotic tissue.
necrosis resolves around the 2nd week. glial scarring.
, excitotoxins - ANSWER-Toxins (usually amino acids) that overstimulate
glutamate release and cause neuron suicide.
Agnosia - ANSWER-the inability to recognize familiar objects.
-tactile/spatial-parietal lobe
-Gerstmann syndrome (loss of spatial orientation of fingers, body,
sides and #s)- L angular gyrus (Parieral)
-Object- Temporo-occipital area
-Associated with CVAs
Subarachnoid hemorrhage - ANSWER-Bleeding into the subarachnoid
space, where the cerebrospinal fluid circulates.
-ruptured intracranial aneurysm/trauma
-IICP/irritates meningeal tissues/produces inflammation, blood coats
nerve roots, impairs CSF circulation
-compensatory increase in SBP
Meningitis - ANSWER-Bacterial- Meningococcus and S. pneumococcus
bacteria are most common
Viral- Specific pathogen cannot be found in CSF
Prostate cancer prevention - ANSWER--Eat a low fat diet
- Slow growing cancer so DRE and PSA testing prevents
BPH and the urinary system - ANSWER-- Chronic inflammation
(Version) | Complete QUESTIONS
MERGED WITH CORRECT COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS || ALREADY GRADED A+ ||
2026-2027 LATEST UPDATE!!!
Dermatomes - ANSWER-area of the skin that is mainly supplied by
branches of a single spinal sensory nerve root. These spinal sensory
nerves enter the nerve root at the spinal cord, and their branches
reach to the periphery of the body.
Substance release at the synapse - ANSWER-Acetylcholine- Excitatory
or inhibitory- Alzheimer’s
Norepi- Excitatory or inhibitory- sleep/wake cycle, SYNS transmission
Dopa- Excitatory (h1 and h2 receptors) and inhibitory (H3 receptors).
Parkinson disease
,Spondylolysis - ANSWER-structural defect (degeneration, fracture, or
developmental defect) in the pars interarticularis of the vertebral arch
(the joining of the vertebral body to the posterior structures). The
lumbar spine at L5 is affected most often.
-Heredity
-Other congenital spinal defects
motor and sensory areas of the brain - ANSWER-Parietal lobe- major
area for somatic sensory input, located along the postcentral gyrus.
which is adjacent to the primary motor area in the precentral gyrus.
Primary motor area (Brodmann area 4)- located along the precentral
gyrus forming the primary voluntary motor area (homunculus) (little
man).
Association fibers provide communication between sensory and
motor
Ischemic penumbra - ANSWER-ischemic but not infarcted
(salvageable) tissue. Peri-infarct tissue.
-no structural damage
Cerebral infarction - ANSWER-ischemic- white infarct (affected area is
pale and soft 6-12 hours after). necrosis appears by 48 to 72 hours.
Infiltration of macrophages and phagocytosis of necrotic tissue.
necrosis resolves around the 2nd week. glial scarring.
, excitotoxins - ANSWER-Toxins (usually amino acids) that overstimulate
glutamate release and cause neuron suicide.
Agnosia - ANSWER-the inability to recognize familiar objects.
-tactile/spatial-parietal lobe
-Gerstmann syndrome (loss of spatial orientation of fingers, body,
sides and #s)- L angular gyrus (Parieral)
-Object- Temporo-occipital area
-Associated with CVAs
Subarachnoid hemorrhage - ANSWER-Bleeding into the subarachnoid
space, where the cerebrospinal fluid circulates.
-ruptured intracranial aneurysm/trauma
-IICP/irritates meningeal tissues/produces inflammation, blood coats
nerve roots, impairs CSF circulation
-compensatory increase in SBP
Meningitis - ANSWER-Bacterial- Meningococcus and S. pneumococcus
bacteria are most common
Viral- Specific pathogen cannot be found in CSF
Prostate cancer prevention - ANSWER--Eat a low fat diet
- Slow growing cancer so DRE and PSA testing prevents
BPH and the urinary system - ANSWER-- Chronic inflammation
