PENN FOSTER VETERINARY
PHARMACOLOGY FINAL FINAL TEST
2026 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ Pharmacokinetics.
Answer: When a drug enters the body
◍ Indications.
Answer: Reasons for giving a drug to a patient
◍ Pharmacodynamics.
Answer: How drugs exert effects
◍ Contraindications.
Answer: Reasons for not giving a drug to a patient
◍ 7 Routes of Administration.
Answer: Oral, IV, IM, SC, intraperitoneal, intraarterial, intradermal
◍ Veterinarian-Client Relationship.
Answer: The veterinarian has assumed responsibility for making clinical
judgments about the health of the animals and the need for treatment, and
the client has agreed to follow the veterinarian's instructions. The
veterinarian has sufficient knowledge of the animal(s) to issue a diagnosis,
must have recently seen the animal. The veterinarian must be available for
follow-up evaluations of the patient. The veterinarian-client relationship is
the reason that people can't walk into veterinary clinics and buy certain
medications without being clients.
◍ Regimen.
Answer: Plan for administering drugs, placed on medication label
,◍ Information present on a drug label.
Answer: Kind of drugRoute of administration (the way in which the drug
will be administered)Dosage (the amount of drug to be given)Frequency
(how often the drug should be given)Duration (how long the drug is to be
given)
◍ Agonist, Partial Agonist, and Antagonist.
Answer: Perfect Fit, Almost Fits, Blocks Action
◍ Affinity vs. Efficacy.
Answer: How well it binds to receptor (Agonist vs. Antagonist) vs. how well
the drug performs
◍ TID.
Answer: is three times a day; stands for ter in die
◍ Trade Name Vs. Genetic Name.
Answer: Trade - patented name (rimadyl) vs. Genetic - unpatented/generic
(carprofen)
◍ 6 Drug Label Requirements.
Answer: Generic Name, Concentration, Quantity, Controlled?, Manufacturer
Info, Expiration Date.
◍ QID.
Answer: is four times a day; stands for quater in die
◍ Injection Routes from fastest onset to slowest.
Answer: IV, SC, IM
◍ Injection Routes from longest duration to shortest.
Answer: SC, IM, IV
◍ Symapthetic vs. Para-sympathetic.
Answer: Energy expending activites (Increase heart rate), Energy conserving
( decrease heart rate)
◍ Stimulation of Sympathetic vs Para-sympathetic.
, Answer: Fight or Flight vs. Calm Down
◍ BID.
Answer: is two times a day; stands for bis in die
◍ Pharmacokinetics.
Answer: The complex series of events that occurs once a drug is
administered to the patient, influences by the manner in which the drug is
given, some routes have limitations
◍ Oral (PO).
Answer: in the mouth, animals vomiting/have diarrhea may not absorb oral
medications, some taste have a horrible taste
◍ Intravenous (IV).
Answer: in the veins, takes effect almost immediately, doesn't last as long as
those administered by other routes, body begins to eliminate the drugs
quickly
◍ Cholinergic vs Anticholinergic.
Answer: Stimulate parasympathetic (increase GI motility) vs preventing
stimulation (decrease GI motility)
◍ Intramuscular (IM).
Answer: in the muscle, sometimes painful, absorbed more slowly than IV
but absorbed more quickly than SQ
◍ Adrenergic Agents.
Answer: Excites Alpha Receptors and inhibits beta receptors (stimulates
heart beat through sympathetic)
◍ CNS Depression Drugs.
Answer: Sedate, Control Seizures, Control Pain
◍ Subcutaneous (SQ or SC).
Answer: Under the skin, an injection administered under the skin.
◍ Intradermal (ID).
Answer: which is an injection into the skin, used for testing for allergies
PHARMACOLOGY FINAL FINAL TEST
2026 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ Pharmacokinetics.
Answer: When a drug enters the body
◍ Indications.
Answer: Reasons for giving a drug to a patient
◍ Pharmacodynamics.
Answer: How drugs exert effects
◍ Contraindications.
Answer: Reasons for not giving a drug to a patient
◍ 7 Routes of Administration.
Answer: Oral, IV, IM, SC, intraperitoneal, intraarterial, intradermal
◍ Veterinarian-Client Relationship.
Answer: The veterinarian has assumed responsibility for making clinical
judgments about the health of the animals and the need for treatment, and
the client has agreed to follow the veterinarian's instructions. The
veterinarian has sufficient knowledge of the animal(s) to issue a diagnosis,
must have recently seen the animal. The veterinarian must be available for
follow-up evaluations of the patient. The veterinarian-client relationship is
the reason that people can't walk into veterinary clinics and buy certain
medications without being clients.
◍ Regimen.
Answer: Plan for administering drugs, placed on medication label
,◍ Information present on a drug label.
Answer: Kind of drugRoute of administration (the way in which the drug
will be administered)Dosage (the amount of drug to be given)Frequency
(how often the drug should be given)Duration (how long the drug is to be
given)
◍ Agonist, Partial Agonist, and Antagonist.
Answer: Perfect Fit, Almost Fits, Blocks Action
◍ Affinity vs. Efficacy.
Answer: How well it binds to receptor (Agonist vs. Antagonist) vs. how well
the drug performs
◍ TID.
Answer: is three times a day; stands for ter in die
◍ Trade Name Vs. Genetic Name.
Answer: Trade - patented name (rimadyl) vs. Genetic - unpatented/generic
(carprofen)
◍ 6 Drug Label Requirements.
Answer: Generic Name, Concentration, Quantity, Controlled?, Manufacturer
Info, Expiration Date.
◍ QID.
Answer: is four times a day; stands for quater in die
◍ Injection Routes from fastest onset to slowest.
Answer: IV, SC, IM
◍ Injection Routes from longest duration to shortest.
Answer: SC, IM, IV
◍ Symapthetic vs. Para-sympathetic.
Answer: Energy expending activites (Increase heart rate), Energy conserving
( decrease heart rate)
◍ Stimulation of Sympathetic vs Para-sympathetic.
, Answer: Fight or Flight vs. Calm Down
◍ BID.
Answer: is two times a day; stands for bis in die
◍ Pharmacokinetics.
Answer: The complex series of events that occurs once a drug is
administered to the patient, influences by the manner in which the drug is
given, some routes have limitations
◍ Oral (PO).
Answer: in the mouth, animals vomiting/have diarrhea may not absorb oral
medications, some taste have a horrible taste
◍ Intravenous (IV).
Answer: in the veins, takes effect almost immediately, doesn't last as long as
those administered by other routes, body begins to eliminate the drugs
quickly
◍ Cholinergic vs Anticholinergic.
Answer: Stimulate parasympathetic (increase GI motility) vs preventing
stimulation (decrease GI motility)
◍ Intramuscular (IM).
Answer: in the muscle, sometimes painful, absorbed more slowly than IV
but absorbed more quickly than SQ
◍ Adrenergic Agents.
Answer: Excites Alpha Receptors and inhibits beta receptors (stimulates
heart beat through sympathetic)
◍ CNS Depression Drugs.
Answer: Sedate, Control Seizures, Control Pain
◍ Subcutaneous (SQ or SC).
Answer: Under the skin, an injection administered under the skin.
◍ Intradermal (ID).
Answer: which is an injection into the skin, used for testing for allergies
