PERSPECTIVES FOR NURSING ACTUAL PRACTICE
EXAM WITH WELL ELABORATED AND MOST TESTED
REAL PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT
VERIFIED ANSWERS WITH DETAILED RATIONALES
PLUS EXPERT ANSWER KEY 2026-2027 Q&A 100%
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1. Which of the following best describes the primary
function of the nursing metaparadigm?
A) To provide a list of nursing interventions for
specific diseases
B) To define the core concepts of the discipline and
guide theory development
C) To replace clinical judgment with standardized
protocols
D) To establish legal boundaries for nursing practice
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The metaparadigm provides the
broadest framework for nursing by identifying the
,core concepts of person, environment, health, and
nursing, which guide theory construction and
disciplinary boundaries.
2. A nurse caring for a postoperative patient
emphasizes assistance with activities the patient
would perform independently if able. This approach
reflects which theory?
A) Martha Rogers – Science of Unitary Human
Beings
B) Dorothea Orem – Self-Care Deficit Theory
C) Betty Neuman – Systems Model
D) Hildegard Peplau – Interpersonal Relations
Theory
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory posits
that nursing is required when an individual's self-
care agency is insufficient to meet therapeutic self-
care demands.
,3. Which theorist defined health as "expanding
consciousness" and illness as a disruption in
pattern?
A) Jean Watson
B) Hildegard Peplau
C) Margaret Newman
D) Martha Rogers
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Newman's Theory of Health as
Expanding Consciousness views health and illness
as part of the same continuum, where illness
reflects a shift in consciousness rather than merely
disease.
4. According to Parse, what does "cotranscending"
refer to in nursing care?
A) The struggle against illness
B) Revealing and concealing behavior
, C) Choosing how to be and approach life
D) Collaborative care
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cotranscending involves purposeful,
holistic engagement in human becoming, a key
tenet in Parse's theory.
5. Which theorist is known for the "Science of
Unitary Human Beings"?
A) Florence Nightingale
B) Jean Watson
C) Martha Rogers
D) Virginia Henderson
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rogers emphasized energy fields and a
unified view of human and environment.