EXS 411 EXAM 2 UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

EXS 411 EXAM 2 UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS

Question:
1. cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF)
Answer:
the ability of the circulatory and respiratory systems to supply oxygen to the muscles to perform dynamic
physical activity
ex: aerobic exercise
individuals who regularly perform mod-vig PA have lower risk of CVD than sedentary individuals

Question:
2. why is it important to assess CRF?
Answer:
because of its relationship with CVD risk
athletes = important to assess in order to maximize their performance

Question:
3. cardiovascular and respiratory systems work together to:
Answer:
provide oxygen and remove waste from the body

Question:
4. cardiovascular system is responsible for:
Answer:
the delivery of oxygenated blood and nutrients to the cell
- cells need oxygen to make ATP for energy

Question:
5. 4 chambers of the cardiovascular system
Answer:
R & L atria
- fill and then pump blood into respective ventricles R & L ventricles
- pump blood away from the heart

Question:
6. veins and venules
Answer:
carry deoxygenated blood into the heart
EXCEPTION = PULMONARY VEIN

Question:
7. arteries and arterioles

,Answer:
carry oxygenated blood out of the heart
EXCEPTION = PULMONARY ARTERY

Question:
8. capillaires
Answer:
where gas exchange occurs

Question:
9. what is ATP?
Answer:
an energy-bearing molecule composed of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and phosphorous atoms

Question:
10. what is a muscle cells capacity to store ATP?
Answer:
VERY LOW
we cannot store ATP in vast amounts, so we basically have to create ATP on demand
ATP is continuously created at a rate equal to ATP use

Question:
11. 3 systems by which ATP is produced by muscle fibers
Answer:
1. Creatine phosphate system
2. Rapid glycolysis
3. Oxidative Phosphorylation

Question:
12. Creatine phosphate system
Answer:
transfers high energy phosphate from CP to rephosphorylate ATP from ADP
- PRODUCES VERY LIMITED AMOUNT OF ATP
*ADP + CP --> ATP + C*

Question:
13. how long is creatine phosphate system used?
Answer:
UP TO 10 SECONDS LONG
- used for max exercise, high intensity

Question:
14. rapid glycolysis

, Answer:
degradation of glucose to pyruvate or lactate
NET YIELD: we have to invest 2 ATP
- glucose = 2ATP
- glycogen = 3 ATP
anaerobic, but considered first step in aerobic production

Question:
15. when is rapid glycolysis used?
Answer:
AFTER 10 SECONDS
primary energy source for activities lasting up to 90 seconds
- 30 second or 200 m sprint

Question:
16. oxidative phosphorylation
Answer:
combines krebs cycle (primer) and electron transport chain
- both occur in mitochondria
fuel source = fat, carbs, protein (rarely used)
NET YIELD:
- carb = 38 or 39 ATP
- fat varies depending on the fatty acid we are putting through the cycle

Question:
17. metabolic response to exercise
Answer:
2 seconds = ATP 10 seconds = creatine phosphate 90 seconds = rapid glycolysis 90+ seconds = oxidative
phosphorylation

Question:
18. submaximal exercise
Answer:
VO2 is proportional to workload
steady state!!

Question:
19. steady state
Answer:
energy production is equal to the energy required
heart rate plateaus
- +/- 6bpm

Question:
20. what influences the duration of time required to reach steady state?