WVU Psych 101 Exam 4 Study Guide
Questions with All Correct Answers
2026-2027 Updated.
Emotions - Answer Feelings that have physiological and cognitive elements and influence
behavior
Physiological elements - Answer Activation of autonomic nervous system
Cognitive elements - Answer Thoughts and evaluations of the situation
Functions of emotions - Answer Increases chance of survival
Shapes future behavior
Helps us interact more effectively
Positive emotions - Answer Help broaden our thinking and behavior and widen our cognitive
perspective, making our thinking more expansive and enabling acquisition of new skills
Negative emotions - Answer Promote a narrow way of thinking
Universalists - Answer Those who believe all humans experience emotions similarly regardless
of cultural differences in customs and traditions
Constructivists - Answer Those who believe emotions are culturally variable
Eckmans study - Answer Study in which muscle configuration were associated with emotions
Independent self - Answer Being a person means being distinct from others
Interdependent self - Answer Emphasis on being connected to others
East Asians - Answer Openness is less common in this group
North Americans - Answer Openness is more common in this group
, North Americans - Answer Restraint is less common in this group
East Asians - Answer Restraint is more common in this group
High arousal negative - Answer Affective state in which a person is fearful, hostile, nervous
Low arousal negative - Answer Affective state in which a person is dull, sleepy, sluggish
High arousal positive - Answer Affective state in which a person is enthusiastic, elated, excited
Low arousal positive - Answer Affective state in which a person is relaxed, calm, peaceful,
serene
Lifespan developmental psychology - Answer Study of the patterns of growth and change that
occur throughout life
Cognitive development - Answer The development of thinking across the lifespan
Nature - Answer Biological endowment on genes received from parents
Nurture - Answer Social and physical environments that influence development
Nature-nurture debate - Answer The debate on whether the environment or genes influence
development
Choices and decisions - Answer Children play a role in shaping their own development
Continuous change - Answer Ways in which development occurs in a gradual manner rather
than sudden change
Discontinuous change - Answer Large fundamental change in sudden jumps
Jean Piaget - Answer Came up with four stages of development
Sensorimotor - Answer Stage in which children's thinking is realized through their perceptions
of the world and physical interactions with it
Questions with All Correct Answers
2026-2027 Updated.
Emotions - Answer Feelings that have physiological and cognitive elements and influence
behavior
Physiological elements - Answer Activation of autonomic nervous system
Cognitive elements - Answer Thoughts and evaluations of the situation
Functions of emotions - Answer Increases chance of survival
Shapes future behavior
Helps us interact more effectively
Positive emotions - Answer Help broaden our thinking and behavior and widen our cognitive
perspective, making our thinking more expansive and enabling acquisition of new skills
Negative emotions - Answer Promote a narrow way of thinking
Universalists - Answer Those who believe all humans experience emotions similarly regardless
of cultural differences in customs and traditions
Constructivists - Answer Those who believe emotions are culturally variable
Eckmans study - Answer Study in which muscle configuration were associated with emotions
Independent self - Answer Being a person means being distinct from others
Interdependent self - Answer Emphasis on being connected to others
East Asians - Answer Openness is less common in this group
North Americans - Answer Openness is more common in this group
, North Americans - Answer Restraint is less common in this group
East Asians - Answer Restraint is more common in this group
High arousal negative - Answer Affective state in which a person is fearful, hostile, nervous
Low arousal negative - Answer Affective state in which a person is dull, sleepy, sluggish
High arousal positive - Answer Affective state in which a person is enthusiastic, elated, excited
Low arousal positive - Answer Affective state in which a person is relaxed, calm, peaceful,
serene
Lifespan developmental psychology - Answer Study of the patterns of growth and change that
occur throughout life
Cognitive development - Answer The development of thinking across the lifespan
Nature - Answer Biological endowment on genes received from parents
Nurture - Answer Social and physical environments that influence development
Nature-nurture debate - Answer The debate on whether the environment or genes influence
development
Choices and decisions - Answer Children play a role in shaping their own development
Continuous change - Answer Ways in which development occurs in a gradual manner rather
than sudden change
Discontinuous change - Answer Large fundamental change in sudden jumps
Jean Piaget - Answer Came up with four stages of development
Sensorimotor - Answer Stage in which children's thinking is realized through their perceptions
of the world and physical interactions with it
