BBH 101 FINAL EXAM UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. biomedical model
Answer:
suggests that illness always hasa biological cause
Question:
2. biobehavioral model
Answer:
Recognizes biological, psychological, and sociocultural forces in determining an individual's health and
vulnerability to disease
Question:
3. Hypothesis
Answer:
A testable prediction, often implied by a theory
Question:
4. Theory
Answer:
an explanation using an integrated set of principles that organizes observations and predicts behaviors or
events
Question:
5. P-value
Answer:
The probability level which forms basis for deciding if results are statistically significant (not due to
chance).
Question:
6. P-value
Answer:
less than 0.05 considered significant
Question:
7. Prevalence
Answer:
reflects the number of existing cases of a disease
Question:
8. incidence
Answer:
reflects the number of new cases of disease and can be reported as a risk or as an incidence rate.
,Question:
9. case study
Answer:
provide a comprehensive understanding of a particular subject (e.g., a patient, a company, a historical
event) by examining multiple facets of its context and dynamics.
Question:
10. cross sectional study
Answer:
A "snapshot" of a population at a specific time, used to assess prevalence of conditions, but cannot
determine cause-and-effect relationships.
Question:
11. case control studies
Answer:
Compare individuals with a specific condition (cases) to those without (controls) to identify factors that
may contribute to the condition, often looking retrospectively.
Question:
12. cohort studies
Answer:
Follow a group of individuals (the cohort) over a period of time to observe how exposures relate to
outcomes, allowing researchers to assess cause-and-effect relationships.
Question:
13. odds ratio
Answer:
tells us how much more likely peoplewith the exposure are to have the outcome,compared to people
without the exposure
Question:
14. odds ratio example
Answer:
A case-control study of smoking andlung cancer finds an odds ratio of 10.0, which means thatsmokers are
10 times more likely to have lung cancerthan non-smokers.
Question:
15. relative risk
Answer:
often used in cohort studies and isinterpreted in the same way as the odds ratio
Question:
16. empirical study
Answer:
reports the findings from a study that uses data derived from an actual experiment or observation
, Question:
17. Literature review
Answer:
a scholarly research step that entails identifying and studying all existing studies on a topic to create a basis
for new research
Question:
18. meta analysis
Answer:
a "study of studies" that combines the findings of multiple studies to arrive at a conclusion
Question:
19. clinical trials for prescription drugs
Answer:
randomized clinical trial (RCT's) with placebo used to asses effectiveness of prescription drugs
Question:
20. phase 1 of clinical trial
Answer:
designed to establish safety, tolerance, and dose
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. biomedical model
Answer:
suggests that illness always hasa biological cause
Question:
2. biobehavioral model
Answer:
Recognizes biological, psychological, and sociocultural forces in determining an individual's health and
vulnerability to disease
Question:
3. Hypothesis
Answer:
A testable prediction, often implied by a theory
Question:
4. Theory
Answer:
an explanation using an integrated set of principles that organizes observations and predicts behaviors or
events
Question:
5. P-value
Answer:
The probability level which forms basis for deciding if results are statistically significant (not due to
chance).
Question:
6. P-value
Answer:
less than 0.05 considered significant
Question:
7. Prevalence
Answer:
reflects the number of existing cases of a disease
Question:
8. incidence
Answer:
reflects the number of new cases of disease and can be reported as a risk or as an incidence rate.
,Question:
9. case study
Answer:
provide a comprehensive understanding of a particular subject (e.g., a patient, a company, a historical
event) by examining multiple facets of its context and dynamics.
Question:
10. cross sectional study
Answer:
A "snapshot" of a population at a specific time, used to assess prevalence of conditions, but cannot
determine cause-and-effect relationships.
Question:
11. case control studies
Answer:
Compare individuals with a specific condition (cases) to those without (controls) to identify factors that
may contribute to the condition, often looking retrospectively.
Question:
12. cohort studies
Answer:
Follow a group of individuals (the cohort) over a period of time to observe how exposures relate to
outcomes, allowing researchers to assess cause-and-effect relationships.
Question:
13. odds ratio
Answer:
tells us how much more likely peoplewith the exposure are to have the outcome,compared to people
without the exposure
Question:
14. odds ratio example
Answer:
A case-control study of smoking andlung cancer finds an odds ratio of 10.0, which means thatsmokers are
10 times more likely to have lung cancerthan non-smokers.
Question:
15. relative risk
Answer:
often used in cohort studies and isinterpreted in the same way as the odds ratio
Question:
16. empirical study
Answer:
reports the findings from a study that uses data derived from an actual experiment or observation
, Question:
17. Literature review
Answer:
a scholarly research step that entails identifying and studying all existing studies on a topic to create a basis
for new research
Question:
18. meta analysis
Answer:
a "study of studies" that combines the findings of multiple studies to arrive at a conclusion
Question:
19. clinical trials for prescription drugs
Answer:
randomized clinical trial (RCT's) with placebo used to asses effectiveness of prescription drugs
Question:
20. phase 1 of clinical trial
Answer:
designed to establish safety, tolerance, and dose
