ANCC MED SURG BC EXAM |ACTUAL QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS|BRAND NEW 2026-2027
UPDATE|GRADED A+
Question 1
Metabolic syndrome or syndrome X is a condition which places patients at high risk for
vascular events. Which of the following is not a risk factor for this syndrome?
a. Elevated fasting blood sugar
b. Acanthosis nigricans
c. Elevated blood pressure
d. Abdominal obesity
CORRECT ANSWER
b. Acanthosis nigricans
Question 2
A patient with emphysema is being examined by the nurse. On percussion of the lung
fields, the nurse would expect to find which of the following tones?
a. Flat
b. Hyperresonant
c. Dull
d. Resonant
CORRECT ANSWER
b. Hyperresonant sounds are heard over hyperexpanded lungs. This is a percussion tone
that is unique to this condition.
Question 3
1
,One procedure used to diagnosis rheumatoid arthritis, hematologic disorders, and
infections would be:
a. Bone marrow aspiration.
b. Renal biopsy.
c. Lung pleural aspiration.
d. Liver biopsy.
CORRECT ANSWER
a. Bone abnormalities, blood cell production, and sources of infections are common
findings from bone marrow aspiration diagnostic tests. Bone marrow aspiration or biopsy
is done to diagnosis cancers and anemias, and can reveal lymphocytic inflammatory
infiltrates within the subchondral marrow cavity of affected joints in rheumatoid
arthritis.
Question 4
Metabolic bone disorders such as Paget's disease causes which type of electrolyte
abnormality?
a. Hypokalemia
b. Hyperkalemia
c. Hypocalcemia
d. Hypercalcemia
CORRECT ANSWER
d. Calcium is released from bone breakdown.
Question 5
Overhydration may present with which of the following lab values?
a. Low hemoglobin and hematocrit (H/H) levels
b. High hemoglobin and hematocrit (H/H) levels
2
,c. Elevated potassium
d. Increased serum osmolarity
CORRECT ANSWER
a. The hydration effects of too much volume dilutes the levels of H/H, blood urea
nitrogen (BUN), and sodium.
Question 6
Sharp, piercing pain in the cheek is often due to neuralgia involving which cranial nerve:
a. Cranial nerve V
b. Cranial nerve X
c. Cranial nerve I
d. Cranial nerve III
CORRECT ANSWER
a. Cranial nerve V or the trigeminal nerve is often the cause of this type of pain. Cranial
nerve I (olfactory) is responsible for sense of smell, II (oculomotor) controls pupil and
eyelid movement, and X is the vagus nerve which influences various bodily functions but
is not responsible for sensory innervation of the face.
Question 7
Hypercapnia is typically caused by asthma, narcotic overdose, multiple sclerosis, and
which of the following:
a. Pericardial effusions
b. Obesity
c. Hyperventilation
d. Pulmonary edema
CORRECT ANSWER
3
, b. Obesity causes pushing of the abdomen up into the thoracic cavity, restricting the
room to breathe.
Question 8
In a male patient the most common cause of postrenal acute renal failure is:
a. Prostatic hypertrophy (BPH).
b. Dehydration.
c. Heart failure (HF).
d. Diabetes mellitus.
CORRECT ANSWER
a. BPH is the only cause of post-obstructive renal failure listed and is the most common
cause in male patients. Diabetes mellitus leads to intrinsic nephropathy and dehydration.
HF leads to pre-renal failure.
Question 9
The nurse is doing the admission assessment of a new patient. Upon listening to the chest,
the nurse recognizes a loud abnormal sound during systole. The admission diagnosis
includes rule-out pulmonary edema. Which heart valve is most likely to be showing signs
of regurgitation?
a. Tricuspid
b. Pulmonic
c. Aortic
d. Mitral
CORRECT ANSWER
b. A systolic murmur and pulmonary edema indicate that fluid is building up into the left
atrium and back into the pulmonary system.
4
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS|BRAND NEW 2026-2027
UPDATE|GRADED A+
Question 1
Metabolic syndrome or syndrome X is a condition which places patients at high risk for
vascular events. Which of the following is not a risk factor for this syndrome?
a. Elevated fasting blood sugar
b. Acanthosis nigricans
c. Elevated blood pressure
d. Abdominal obesity
CORRECT ANSWER
b. Acanthosis nigricans
Question 2
A patient with emphysema is being examined by the nurse. On percussion of the lung
fields, the nurse would expect to find which of the following tones?
a. Flat
b. Hyperresonant
c. Dull
d. Resonant
CORRECT ANSWER
b. Hyperresonant sounds are heard over hyperexpanded lungs. This is a percussion tone
that is unique to this condition.
Question 3
1
,One procedure used to diagnosis rheumatoid arthritis, hematologic disorders, and
infections would be:
a. Bone marrow aspiration.
b. Renal biopsy.
c. Lung pleural aspiration.
d. Liver biopsy.
CORRECT ANSWER
a. Bone abnormalities, blood cell production, and sources of infections are common
findings from bone marrow aspiration diagnostic tests. Bone marrow aspiration or biopsy
is done to diagnosis cancers and anemias, and can reveal lymphocytic inflammatory
infiltrates within the subchondral marrow cavity of affected joints in rheumatoid
arthritis.
Question 4
Metabolic bone disorders such as Paget's disease causes which type of electrolyte
abnormality?
a. Hypokalemia
b. Hyperkalemia
c. Hypocalcemia
d. Hypercalcemia
CORRECT ANSWER
d. Calcium is released from bone breakdown.
Question 5
Overhydration may present with which of the following lab values?
a. Low hemoglobin and hematocrit (H/H) levels
b. High hemoglobin and hematocrit (H/H) levels
2
,c. Elevated potassium
d. Increased serum osmolarity
CORRECT ANSWER
a. The hydration effects of too much volume dilutes the levels of H/H, blood urea
nitrogen (BUN), and sodium.
Question 6
Sharp, piercing pain in the cheek is often due to neuralgia involving which cranial nerve:
a. Cranial nerve V
b. Cranial nerve X
c. Cranial nerve I
d. Cranial nerve III
CORRECT ANSWER
a. Cranial nerve V or the trigeminal nerve is often the cause of this type of pain. Cranial
nerve I (olfactory) is responsible for sense of smell, II (oculomotor) controls pupil and
eyelid movement, and X is the vagus nerve which influences various bodily functions but
is not responsible for sensory innervation of the face.
Question 7
Hypercapnia is typically caused by asthma, narcotic overdose, multiple sclerosis, and
which of the following:
a. Pericardial effusions
b. Obesity
c. Hyperventilation
d. Pulmonary edema
CORRECT ANSWER
3
, b. Obesity causes pushing of the abdomen up into the thoracic cavity, restricting the
room to breathe.
Question 8
In a male patient the most common cause of postrenal acute renal failure is:
a. Prostatic hypertrophy (BPH).
b. Dehydration.
c. Heart failure (HF).
d. Diabetes mellitus.
CORRECT ANSWER
a. BPH is the only cause of post-obstructive renal failure listed and is the most common
cause in male patients. Diabetes mellitus leads to intrinsic nephropathy and dehydration.
HF leads to pre-renal failure.
Question 9
The nurse is doing the admission assessment of a new patient. Upon listening to the chest,
the nurse recognizes a loud abnormal sound during systole. The admission diagnosis
includes rule-out pulmonary edema. Which heart valve is most likely to be showing signs
of regurgitation?
a. Tricuspid
b. Pulmonic
c. Aortic
d. Mitral
CORRECT ANSWER
b. A systolic murmur and pulmonary edema indicate that fluid is building up into the left
atrium and back into the pulmonary system.
4
