BIOS 252 Exam Review Questions with
Verified Correct Answers
Skeletal Muscle
striated, voluntary, no intercalated discs, multinucleated
Cardiac Muscle
striated, involuntary, intercalated discs, uninucleated
Smooth Muscle
non-striated, involuntary, no intercalated discs, uninucleated
4 major functions of muscles
produce body movement, stabilize positions, store and move substances, generate heat
4 properties of muscles
electrical excitability, contractility, extensibility, elasticity
Electrical Excitability
ability to respond to a stimulus and convert it to an action potential
Contractility
ability to shorten
Extensibility
ability to stretch without tearing to a certain degree
Elasticity
ability to return to resting length after contracting or stretching
,Organization of Skeletal Muscle from largest to smallest
skeletal muscle, fascicle, muscle fiber, myofibril, microfilament
Organization of Skeletal Muscle from smallest to largest
microfilament, myofibril, muscle fiber, fascicle, skeletal muscle
Sarcomere
contractile unit of a muscle fiber
sarcolemma
plasma membrane of a muscle fiber
sarcoplasmic reticulum
specialized endoplasmic reticulum of muscle cells that stores calcium
z-disc
coin-shaped sheet of proteins that anchors the thin filaments and connects myofibrils to one
another
m-line
middle of sarcomere
a band
dark area; extends length of the thick filaments (myosin)
i band
light area; thin myofilaments only (z disc is center of i band)
zone of overlap
, the densest, darkest area on a light micrograph
where thick and thin filaments overlap
thick filament
myosin
thin filament
actin
contractile protein
actin and myosin, generate the force during a muscle contraction
structural protein
a type of protein that offers strength and shape to cells
regulatory protein
tropomyosin and troponin; act like a switch to determine when the fiber can contract and
when it cannot
connective tissue of skeletal muscle
epimysium, perimysium, endomysium
epimysium
connective tissue around the whole muscle
perimysium
connective tissue around the muscle fascicles
endomysium
Verified Correct Answers
Skeletal Muscle
striated, voluntary, no intercalated discs, multinucleated
Cardiac Muscle
striated, involuntary, intercalated discs, uninucleated
Smooth Muscle
non-striated, involuntary, no intercalated discs, uninucleated
4 major functions of muscles
produce body movement, stabilize positions, store and move substances, generate heat
4 properties of muscles
electrical excitability, contractility, extensibility, elasticity
Electrical Excitability
ability to respond to a stimulus and convert it to an action potential
Contractility
ability to shorten
Extensibility
ability to stretch without tearing to a certain degree
Elasticity
ability to return to resting length after contracting or stretching
,Organization of Skeletal Muscle from largest to smallest
skeletal muscle, fascicle, muscle fiber, myofibril, microfilament
Organization of Skeletal Muscle from smallest to largest
microfilament, myofibril, muscle fiber, fascicle, skeletal muscle
Sarcomere
contractile unit of a muscle fiber
sarcolemma
plasma membrane of a muscle fiber
sarcoplasmic reticulum
specialized endoplasmic reticulum of muscle cells that stores calcium
z-disc
coin-shaped sheet of proteins that anchors the thin filaments and connects myofibrils to one
another
m-line
middle of sarcomere
a band
dark area; extends length of the thick filaments (myosin)
i band
light area; thin myofilaments only (z disc is center of i band)
zone of overlap
, the densest, darkest area on a light micrograph
where thick and thin filaments overlap
thick filament
myosin
thin filament
actin
contractile protein
actin and myosin, generate the force during a muscle contraction
structural protein
a type of protein that offers strength and shape to cells
regulatory protein
tropomyosin and troponin; act like a switch to determine when the fiber can contract and
when it cannot
connective tissue of skeletal muscle
epimysium, perimysium, endomysium
epimysium
connective tissue around the whole muscle
perimysium
connective tissue around the muscle fascicles
endomysium
