Teas 7 Science Review 2026/2027
Questions With Fully Explained Answers
What is systole and diastole? - ✔✔✔✔Systole = contraction (blood ejected), Diastole = relaxation
(chambers fill).
Which ventricle has the thickest wall and why? - ✔✔✔✔Left ventricle; pumps blood to entire body.
What are the three types of muscles? - ✔✔✔✔Skeletal (voluntary), Smooth (involuntary), Cardiac
(heart).
Name key endocrine glands and one hormone each. - ✔✔✔✔Pituitary → GH; Thyroid → Thyroxine;
Pancreas → Insulin; Adrenal → Cortisol; Ovaries/Testes → Estrogen/Testosterone.
Difference between endocrine and exocrine glands? - ✔✔✔✔Endocrine = hormones to blood, Exocrine
= substances through ducts.
What hormone lowers blood glucose? - ✔✔✔✔Insulin (pancreas).
What hormone raises blood glucose? - ✔✔✔✔Glucagon (pancreas).
Functional unit of the kidney? - ✔✔✔✔Nephron.
Steps of urine formation? - ✔✔✔✔Filtration → Reabsorption → Secretion → Excretion.
Difference between innate and adaptive immunity? - ✔✔✔✔Innate = first line, nonspecific (skin,
phagocytes); Adaptive = specific (B cells, T cells).
, What are memory cells? - ✔✔✔✔Cells that remember pathogens for faster response upon re-exposure.
What is a vaccine? - ✔✔✔✔Trains the immune system to recognize and fight a pathogen.
Four types of bones? - ✔✔✔✔Long, short, flat, irregular.
What is the main function of the digestive system? - ✔✔✔✔Break down food, absorb nutrients, and
remove waste.
Which organ absorbs the most nutrients? - ✔✔✔✔Small intestine (villi increase surface area).
Name the pathway of food from mouth to anus. - ✔✔✔✔Mouth → Esophagus → Stomach → Small
Intestine → Large Intestine → Rectum → Anus.
What is peristalsis? - ✔✔✔✔Wave-like muscular contractions that move food through the digestive
tract.
What is the main function of the respiratory system? - ✔✔✔✔Exchange gases (O₂ in, CO₂ out) between
lungs and blood.
Where does gas exchange occur in the lungs? - ✔✔✔✔In the alveoli.
Which muscles are involved in breathing? - ✔✔✔✔Diaphragm and intercostal muscles.
Define inspiration and expiration. - ✔✔✔✔Inspiration = inhale (diaphragm contracts), Expiration =
exhale (diaphragm relaxes).
Name the four heart chambers and their blood type. - ✔✔✔✔RA (deoxygenated), RV (deoxygenated),
LA (oxygenated), LV (oxygenated).
Questions With Fully Explained Answers
What is systole and diastole? - ✔✔✔✔Systole = contraction (blood ejected), Diastole = relaxation
(chambers fill).
Which ventricle has the thickest wall and why? - ✔✔✔✔Left ventricle; pumps blood to entire body.
What are the three types of muscles? - ✔✔✔✔Skeletal (voluntary), Smooth (involuntary), Cardiac
(heart).
Name key endocrine glands and one hormone each. - ✔✔✔✔Pituitary → GH; Thyroid → Thyroxine;
Pancreas → Insulin; Adrenal → Cortisol; Ovaries/Testes → Estrogen/Testosterone.
Difference between endocrine and exocrine glands? - ✔✔✔✔Endocrine = hormones to blood, Exocrine
= substances through ducts.
What hormone lowers blood glucose? - ✔✔✔✔Insulin (pancreas).
What hormone raises blood glucose? - ✔✔✔✔Glucagon (pancreas).
Functional unit of the kidney? - ✔✔✔✔Nephron.
Steps of urine formation? - ✔✔✔✔Filtration → Reabsorption → Secretion → Excretion.
Difference between innate and adaptive immunity? - ✔✔✔✔Innate = first line, nonspecific (skin,
phagocytes); Adaptive = specific (B cells, T cells).
, What are memory cells? - ✔✔✔✔Cells that remember pathogens for faster response upon re-exposure.
What is a vaccine? - ✔✔✔✔Trains the immune system to recognize and fight a pathogen.
Four types of bones? - ✔✔✔✔Long, short, flat, irregular.
What is the main function of the digestive system? - ✔✔✔✔Break down food, absorb nutrients, and
remove waste.
Which organ absorbs the most nutrients? - ✔✔✔✔Small intestine (villi increase surface area).
Name the pathway of food from mouth to anus. - ✔✔✔✔Mouth → Esophagus → Stomach → Small
Intestine → Large Intestine → Rectum → Anus.
What is peristalsis? - ✔✔✔✔Wave-like muscular contractions that move food through the digestive
tract.
What is the main function of the respiratory system? - ✔✔✔✔Exchange gases (O₂ in, CO₂ out) between
lungs and blood.
Where does gas exchange occur in the lungs? - ✔✔✔✔In the alveoli.
Which muscles are involved in breathing? - ✔✔✔✔Diaphragm and intercostal muscles.
Define inspiration and expiration. - ✔✔✔✔Inspiration = inhale (diaphragm contracts), Expiration =
exhale (diaphragm relaxes).
Name the four heart chambers and their blood type. - ✔✔✔✔RA (deoxygenated), RV (deoxygenated),
LA (oxygenated), LV (oxygenated).
