BONENT CORE REVIEWS ANSWERS AND QUESTIONS
SET A+
✔✔The role of the renal dietician is best described as?
A. preparing list of food patients need to avoid.
B. preparing a strict diet and making sure the patients follow it.
C. Counseling patients on the optimum diet for their needs assisting them in following
good dietary habits.
D. Supplying a list of area grocery stores, where patients should food shop. - ✔✔C
✔✔The half life of heparin is 40-90 minutes. The elimination of heparin in dialysis
patients is similar to that of the nonuremic populations. Which of the following is true
regarding the effect of heparin in a dialysis patient?
A. hemodialysis patients may exhibit increased bleeding tendencies for up to 24 hours
post dialysis.
B. The rebound effect, of heparin metabolism increases the incidence of bleeding in this
population.
C. platelet aggregation in the dialysis population is markedly increased placing patients
at risk for bleeding.
D. Diabetic dialysis patients exhibit a heparin half life up to three times longer than non-
diabetic dialysis patients. - ✔✔B
✔✔Constipation is a common problem for dialysis patients . The primary reason for this
is?
A. Decreased motility of the GI tract
B. decreased motility caused by anemia
C. The inability of the kidney to filter water
D. Medications such as phosphate binders or ferrous sulfate. - ✔✔D
✔✔All of the following are relevant factors in ensuring the accuracy of the activated
clotting line ACT EXCEPT for?
,A. Temperature of the ACT tube
B. Patients hematocrit value
C. volume of blood in the ACT tube.
D. prompt admixing of blood and clotting reagent - ✔✔B
✔✔For which of the following purposes is mannitol used?
A. to support blood pressure by expanding volume.]
B. to decrease clotting
C. to relieve symptoms of restlessness in the elderly
D. to relieve muscle cramps - ✔✔A
✔✔To minimize risk of injury to improper dialysate, one step which must be taken by
each facility using bicarbonate dialysis is to?
A. rely on pH monitors on delivery systems to assure proper concentrate/hookups
B. use large jugs, then conserve dialysate by pouring half empty jugs together.
C. Use key coded and/or color coded systems for concentrate containers and
concentrate uptake lines
D. Mix powdered bicarbonate the night before treaments to avoid early morning
confusion. - ✔✔C
✔✔The technician is setting up a dialyzer. The test for a residual sterilant is positive
after 500 cc normal saline has been infused by recirculation. The technician should find
this as ?
A. normal nothing needs to be done.
B. abnormal the test should be repeated with a fresh test strip
C. abnormal the dialyzer should be discarded
D. abnormal rinsing and retesting should be continued per protocol. - ✔✔D
✔✔Which subclavian catheters poor blood flow can be caused by all of the following
EXCEPT?
A. vascular spasms
B. an incorrect cannula lumen size
C. blood pump set higher then 150 ml/mm
D. incorrect placement of the cannula within the host vessel - ✔✔C
✔✔The procedure most likely ordered after placement of a subclavian catheter is?
A. Chest X-ray to verify catheter placement
B. CAT scan to rule out pulmonary embolism.
C. Echocardiogram to verify catheter placement.
, D. Pulmonary scan to assess degrees of recirculation in the new access. - ✔✔A
✔✔Complcations associated with arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis access included
which of the following?
A. infections, aneurysm, hypovolemia, hypoxia
B. stenosis, thrombosis, hypovolemia, hypoxia
C. Thrombosis, infection, stenosis, arterial steal syndrome
D. Arterial steal syndrome, infection, epistaxis, hyperkalemia. - ✔✔C
✔✔The total pressure in the blood circuit is a result of all the following EXCEPT the?
A. rate of dialysis fluid flow
B. blood flow rate controlled by the blood pump.
C. resistance to flow is the blood circuit
D. diameter of the fistula needle. - ✔✔A
✔✔Minimal heparinization should be considered in patients who have a history of all of
the following EXCEPT?
A. cataracts
B. Menstrual flow
C. pericarditis
D. active ulcer - ✔✔A
✔✔For a patient treatment session the blood pump is set at 250 ml/mm The technician
notices that the bloodlines appear to be "jumping' The pre pump arterial monitor reads -
250 mm Hg, In this situation the technician should
A. Administer hypertonic saline because the patient is hypotensive.
B. Turn off the pump and apply pressure because the needles has infiltrated
C. Administer a bolus of saline because volume depletion has caused the arterial
system to collapse.
D. Reposition the needle and adjust the blood flow downward because of excessive
negative pressure on the arterial portion of the circuit. - ✔✔C
✔✔The dextrose load from peritoneal dialysis solution can cause
A. hyperglycemia
B. hypoglycemia
C. weight loss
D. hypocalcemia - ✔✔A
SET A+
✔✔The role of the renal dietician is best described as?
A. preparing list of food patients need to avoid.
B. preparing a strict diet and making sure the patients follow it.
C. Counseling patients on the optimum diet for their needs assisting them in following
good dietary habits.
D. Supplying a list of area grocery stores, where patients should food shop. - ✔✔C
✔✔The half life of heparin is 40-90 minutes. The elimination of heparin in dialysis
patients is similar to that of the nonuremic populations. Which of the following is true
regarding the effect of heparin in a dialysis patient?
A. hemodialysis patients may exhibit increased bleeding tendencies for up to 24 hours
post dialysis.
B. The rebound effect, of heparin metabolism increases the incidence of bleeding in this
population.
C. platelet aggregation in the dialysis population is markedly increased placing patients
at risk for bleeding.
D. Diabetic dialysis patients exhibit a heparin half life up to three times longer than non-
diabetic dialysis patients. - ✔✔B
✔✔Constipation is a common problem for dialysis patients . The primary reason for this
is?
A. Decreased motility of the GI tract
B. decreased motility caused by anemia
C. The inability of the kidney to filter water
D. Medications such as phosphate binders or ferrous sulfate. - ✔✔D
✔✔All of the following are relevant factors in ensuring the accuracy of the activated
clotting line ACT EXCEPT for?
,A. Temperature of the ACT tube
B. Patients hematocrit value
C. volume of blood in the ACT tube.
D. prompt admixing of blood and clotting reagent - ✔✔B
✔✔For which of the following purposes is mannitol used?
A. to support blood pressure by expanding volume.]
B. to decrease clotting
C. to relieve symptoms of restlessness in the elderly
D. to relieve muscle cramps - ✔✔A
✔✔To minimize risk of injury to improper dialysate, one step which must be taken by
each facility using bicarbonate dialysis is to?
A. rely on pH monitors on delivery systems to assure proper concentrate/hookups
B. use large jugs, then conserve dialysate by pouring half empty jugs together.
C. Use key coded and/or color coded systems for concentrate containers and
concentrate uptake lines
D. Mix powdered bicarbonate the night before treaments to avoid early morning
confusion. - ✔✔C
✔✔The technician is setting up a dialyzer. The test for a residual sterilant is positive
after 500 cc normal saline has been infused by recirculation. The technician should find
this as ?
A. normal nothing needs to be done.
B. abnormal the test should be repeated with a fresh test strip
C. abnormal the dialyzer should be discarded
D. abnormal rinsing and retesting should be continued per protocol. - ✔✔D
✔✔Which subclavian catheters poor blood flow can be caused by all of the following
EXCEPT?
A. vascular spasms
B. an incorrect cannula lumen size
C. blood pump set higher then 150 ml/mm
D. incorrect placement of the cannula within the host vessel - ✔✔C
✔✔The procedure most likely ordered after placement of a subclavian catheter is?
A. Chest X-ray to verify catheter placement
B. CAT scan to rule out pulmonary embolism.
C. Echocardiogram to verify catheter placement.
, D. Pulmonary scan to assess degrees of recirculation in the new access. - ✔✔A
✔✔Complcations associated with arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis access included
which of the following?
A. infections, aneurysm, hypovolemia, hypoxia
B. stenosis, thrombosis, hypovolemia, hypoxia
C. Thrombosis, infection, stenosis, arterial steal syndrome
D. Arterial steal syndrome, infection, epistaxis, hyperkalemia. - ✔✔C
✔✔The total pressure in the blood circuit is a result of all the following EXCEPT the?
A. rate of dialysis fluid flow
B. blood flow rate controlled by the blood pump.
C. resistance to flow is the blood circuit
D. diameter of the fistula needle. - ✔✔A
✔✔Minimal heparinization should be considered in patients who have a history of all of
the following EXCEPT?
A. cataracts
B. Menstrual flow
C. pericarditis
D. active ulcer - ✔✔A
✔✔For a patient treatment session the blood pump is set at 250 ml/mm The technician
notices that the bloodlines appear to be "jumping' The pre pump arterial monitor reads -
250 mm Hg, In this situation the technician should
A. Administer hypertonic saline because the patient is hypotensive.
B. Turn off the pump and apply pressure because the needles has infiltrated
C. Administer a bolus of saline because volume depletion has caused the arterial
system to collapse.
D. Reposition the needle and adjust the blood flow downward because of excessive
negative pressure on the arterial portion of the circuit. - ✔✔C
✔✔The dextrose load from peritoneal dialysis solution can cause
A. hyperglycemia
B. hypoglycemia
C. weight loss
D. hypocalcemia - ✔✔A
