NSG 4800 Comprehensive Assessment 2
– Practice Questions with Answers
hyperthyroidism - ANSWER-Causes: Graves, Thyroiditis
Symptoms: Heat intolerance, tachycardia, weight loss, increased systolic BP, Goiter
Treatment: PTU, Methamazole (pregnant?), radioactive iodine therapy,
thyroidectomy
thyroidectomy - ANSWER-keep trach at bedside (stridor, laryngeal spasms)
may experience hypocalcemia (Chevosteks and Trousseaus)
Calcium gluconate at the bedside
thyroid storm - ANSWER-Symptoms: fever (1 degree elevated is an emergency),
Tachycardia, Systolic hypertension
Treatment: PTU and Methimazole, hydrocortisone, prednisone, cooling blankets
hypothyroidism - ANSWER-causes: autoimmune disease, medications, and thyroid
surgery
symptoms: cold intolerance, weight gain, dry skin, brittle nails and hair, hair loss,
constipation
treatment: levothyroxine (Synthroid) go low and slow, am in the morning 30 mins
before meals, do not take fiber, monitor for chest pain
,mxydema coma - ANSWER-Causes: stopping levothyroxine, surgery, chemo, acute
illness
Symptoms: hypothermia, hypotension, high morbidity rate
treatment: Mechanical ventilation, warm blankets, IV levothyroxine, IV glucose
hyperparathyroidism - ANSWER-Causes: Primary (adenoma, hyperplasia, or
cancerous tumor) Secondary (severe calcium deficit, vitamin D deficiency, Chronic
kidney failure)
Symptoms: hypercalcemia, epigastric pain, bone weakness
Treatment: Diuretic and hydration (NS, Furosemide, Bumetanide) Calcitonin, oral
phosphate
hypoparathyroidism - ANSWER-Causes: Neck surgery, cancer radiation to the neck,
low magnesium
Symptoms: Hypocalcemia (CATS), Larynospasms, hypomagnesemia,
hyperphosphatemia, seizures
Treatment: decrease stimuli, calcium gluconate, calcitriol, NO milk, yogurt, or
processed cheese, ADD dark green leafy vegetables
SIADH - ANSWER-Causes: brain tumors, head trauma, meningitis, Gullian barre,
encephalitis
Symptoms: ALOT of fluid, LOW sodium
Treatment: fluid restrictions, furosemide, 3% NS, IV Conivaptan, PO Tolvaptan
DI - ANSWER-Causes: craniotomy, falls/car accidents
Symptoms: ALOT of sodium, LOW fluids, increased thirst, up to 20L urine/day
, Treatment: replace fluids, monitor output, vasopressin, desmopressin DDVAP
(nasal spray)
Addison's disease - ANSWER-causes: TB, glucocorticosteroids, infections
symptoms: LOW bs and BP, HIGH HR, sodium, potassium, shock
Treatment: 3% hypertonic NS, replace hydrocortisone, solumedrol IS A PRIORITY
addisonian crisis - ANSWER-Causes: precipitated by physical or emotional stress,
the sudden withdrawal of hormone.
Treatment: hyperkalemia replacement, hormone replacement
cushings syndrome - ANSWER-Causes: Corticosteroid therapy (COPD, asthma, RA,
MS, Lupus), pituitary tumor
Symptoms: moon face, buffalo hump, thin skin, muscle atrophy
Treatment: Surgical removal of the adrenal gland, low sodium diet, decrease in
corticosteroid use
phenochromocytoma - ANSWER-Causes: catecholamine-producing tumor
Symptoms: HTN, palpitation, diaphoresis, flushing, impending doom
Treatment: DO NOT PALPATE ABDOMEN, don't smoke or drink, avoid foods high in
tyramine (red wine, dried meat, chocolate, and cheese)
dig toxicity - ANSWER->2
halo vision, n/v, EKG change
digibind is the antidote
– Practice Questions with Answers
hyperthyroidism - ANSWER-Causes: Graves, Thyroiditis
Symptoms: Heat intolerance, tachycardia, weight loss, increased systolic BP, Goiter
Treatment: PTU, Methamazole (pregnant?), radioactive iodine therapy,
thyroidectomy
thyroidectomy - ANSWER-keep trach at bedside (stridor, laryngeal spasms)
may experience hypocalcemia (Chevosteks and Trousseaus)
Calcium gluconate at the bedside
thyroid storm - ANSWER-Symptoms: fever (1 degree elevated is an emergency),
Tachycardia, Systolic hypertension
Treatment: PTU and Methimazole, hydrocortisone, prednisone, cooling blankets
hypothyroidism - ANSWER-causes: autoimmune disease, medications, and thyroid
surgery
symptoms: cold intolerance, weight gain, dry skin, brittle nails and hair, hair loss,
constipation
treatment: levothyroxine (Synthroid) go low and slow, am in the morning 30 mins
before meals, do not take fiber, monitor for chest pain
,mxydema coma - ANSWER-Causes: stopping levothyroxine, surgery, chemo, acute
illness
Symptoms: hypothermia, hypotension, high morbidity rate
treatment: Mechanical ventilation, warm blankets, IV levothyroxine, IV glucose
hyperparathyroidism - ANSWER-Causes: Primary (adenoma, hyperplasia, or
cancerous tumor) Secondary (severe calcium deficit, vitamin D deficiency, Chronic
kidney failure)
Symptoms: hypercalcemia, epigastric pain, bone weakness
Treatment: Diuretic and hydration (NS, Furosemide, Bumetanide) Calcitonin, oral
phosphate
hypoparathyroidism - ANSWER-Causes: Neck surgery, cancer radiation to the neck,
low magnesium
Symptoms: Hypocalcemia (CATS), Larynospasms, hypomagnesemia,
hyperphosphatemia, seizures
Treatment: decrease stimuli, calcium gluconate, calcitriol, NO milk, yogurt, or
processed cheese, ADD dark green leafy vegetables
SIADH - ANSWER-Causes: brain tumors, head trauma, meningitis, Gullian barre,
encephalitis
Symptoms: ALOT of fluid, LOW sodium
Treatment: fluid restrictions, furosemide, 3% NS, IV Conivaptan, PO Tolvaptan
DI - ANSWER-Causes: craniotomy, falls/car accidents
Symptoms: ALOT of sodium, LOW fluids, increased thirst, up to 20L urine/day
, Treatment: replace fluids, monitor output, vasopressin, desmopressin DDVAP
(nasal spray)
Addison's disease - ANSWER-causes: TB, glucocorticosteroids, infections
symptoms: LOW bs and BP, HIGH HR, sodium, potassium, shock
Treatment: 3% hypertonic NS, replace hydrocortisone, solumedrol IS A PRIORITY
addisonian crisis - ANSWER-Causes: precipitated by physical or emotional stress,
the sudden withdrawal of hormone.
Treatment: hyperkalemia replacement, hormone replacement
cushings syndrome - ANSWER-Causes: Corticosteroid therapy (COPD, asthma, RA,
MS, Lupus), pituitary tumor
Symptoms: moon face, buffalo hump, thin skin, muscle atrophy
Treatment: Surgical removal of the adrenal gland, low sodium diet, decrease in
corticosteroid use
phenochromocytoma - ANSWER-Causes: catecholamine-producing tumor
Symptoms: HTN, palpitation, diaphoresis, flushing, impending doom
Treatment: DO NOT PALPATE ABDOMEN, don't smoke or drink, avoid foods high in
tyramine (red wine, dried meat, chocolate, and cheese)
dig toxicity - ANSWER->2
halo vision, n/v, EKG change
digibind is the antidote
