NUR 155
FOUNDATIONS OF NURSING
NUR 155 Exam 3 | Foundations of Nursing | (2026) Comprehensi
UPDATE
50 Multiple-Choice Questions
Complete Answers with Detailed Rationales
Aligned with Nursing Foundations & Med-Surg Standards
Galen College of Nursing
For academic study and exam review • Verify with current course materials
,NUR 155 Exam 3 Foundations of Nursing 2026 Comprehensive Study Gu | 2026/2027
How to Use This Review
This comprehensive exam review contains high-yield multiple-choice questions. Each item includes the correct answer
and an expanded rationale explaining the underlying principle, why the correct option is preferred, and why distractors are
incorrect. Study tip: Attempt each question before reading the answer, then carefully review the rationale.
Page 2
, NUR 155 Exam 3 Foundations of Nursing 2026 Comprehensive Study Gu | 2026/2027
Question 1
A nurse is assessing a patient’s surgical wound and notes a localized area of intact skin that is non-blanchable and
deep red. Which stage of pressure injury should the nurse document?
A. Stage 1 Pressure Injury
B. Stage 2 Pressure Injury
C. Deep Tissue Pressure Injury (DTPI)
D. Unstageable Pressure Injury
Answer: C
Rationale
Deep Tissue Pressure Injury presents as a localized area of non-blanchable deep red, maroon, or purple discoloration with
intact skin. Stage 1 is non-blanchable erythema but not deep red/purple. Understanding this concept is essential for safe
clinical decision-making. Incorrect choices often reflect common misconceptions. Always link assessment findings to the
primary process and anticipated complications.
Question 2
Which clinical manifestation is most characteristic of a patient experiencing hypokalemia?
A. Hyperactive bowel sounds and diarrhea
B. Muscle weakness and flattened T-waves with U-waves
C. Tall, peaked T-waves on an EKG
D. Positive Chvostek’s sign
Answer: B
Rationale
Hypokalemia (low potassium) typically presents with muscle weakness, leg cramps, and specific EKG changes such as
flattened T-waves and the presence of U-waves. Understanding this concept is essential for safe clinical decision-making.
Incorrect choices often reflect common misconceptions. Always link assessment findings to the primary process and
anticipated complications.
Question 3
A patient’s ABG results are: pH 7.30, PaCO2 55 mmHg, and HCO3 26 mEq/L. How should the nurse interpret these
findings?
A. Respiratory Alkalosis, uncompensated
B. Metabolic Acidosis, partially compensated
C. Metabolic Alkalosis, compensated
D. Respiratory Acidosis, uncompensated
Answer: D
Rationale
The pH is low (<7.35) indicating acidosis. The PaCO2 is high (>45) matching the acidosis (respiratory). The HCO3 is normal,
indicating no compensation has occurred yet. Understanding this concept is essential for safe clinical decision-making.
Incorrect choices often reflect common misconceptions. Always link assessment findings to the primary process and
anticipated complications.
Page 3
FOUNDATIONS OF NURSING
NUR 155 Exam 3 | Foundations of Nursing | (2026) Comprehensi
UPDATE
50 Multiple-Choice Questions
Complete Answers with Detailed Rationales
Aligned with Nursing Foundations & Med-Surg Standards
Galen College of Nursing
For academic study and exam review • Verify with current course materials
,NUR 155 Exam 3 Foundations of Nursing 2026 Comprehensive Study Gu | 2026/2027
How to Use This Review
This comprehensive exam review contains high-yield multiple-choice questions. Each item includes the correct answer
and an expanded rationale explaining the underlying principle, why the correct option is preferred, and why distractors are
incorrect. Study tip: Attempt each question before reading the answer, then carefully review the rationale.
Page 2
, NUR 155 Exam 3 Foundations of Nursing 2026 Comprehensive Study Gu | 2026/2027
Question 1
A nurse is assessing a patient’s surgical wound and notes a localized area of intact skin that is non-blanchable and
deep red. Which stage of pressure injury should the nurse document?
A. Stage 1 Pressure Injury
B. Stage 2 Pressure Injury
C. Deep Tissue Pressure Injury (DTPI)
D. Unstageable Pressure Injury
Answer: C
Rationale
Deep Tissue Pressure Injury presents as a localized area of non-blanchable deep red, maroon, or purple discoloration with
intact skin. Stage 1 is non-blanchable erythema but not deep red/purple. Understanding this concept is essential for safe
clinical decision-making. Incorrect choices often reflect common misconceptions. Always link assessment findings to the
primary process and anticipated complications.
Question 2
Which clinical manifestation is most characteristic of a patient experiencing hypokalemia?
A. Hyperactive bowel sounds and diarrhea
B. Muscle weakness and flattened T-waves with U-waves
C. Tall, peaked T-waves on an EKG
D. Positive Chvostek’s sign
Answer: B
Rationale
Hypokalemia (low potassium) typically presents with muscle weakness, leg cramps, and specific EKG changes such as
flattened T-waves and the presence of U-waves. Understanding this concept is essential for safe clinical decision-making.
Incorrect choices often reflect common misconceptions. Always link assessment findings to the primary process and
anticipated complications.
Question 3
A patient’s ABG results are: pH 7.30, PaCO2 55 mmHg, and HCO3 26 mEq/L. How should the nurse interpret these
findings?
A. Respiratory Alkalosis, uncompensated
B. Metabolic Acidosis, partially compensated
C. Metabolic Alkalosis, compensated
D. Respiratory Acidosis, uncompensated
Answer: D
Rationale
The pH is low (<7.35) indicating acidosis. The PaCO2 is high (>45) matching the acidosis (respiratory). The HCO3 is normal,
indicating no compensation has occurred yet. Understanding this concept is essential for safe clinical decision-making.
Incorrect choices often reflect common misconceptions. Always link assessment findings to the primary process and
anticipated complications.
Page 3
