Elementary Education:
Reading and Language
Arts Subtest (5002) 2026 |
Study Guide, Practice
Questions, Answers,
Rationales & Exam Review
| Complete Ethics Study
Guide
Updated 2026 Questions and Answers
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Rationales
Included
,Emergent Literacy Refers to the language development that occurs before a child can read or write
words.
Skills are developed from birth and include listening, speaking, memory, recognizing
pattern and rhyme, print awareness, critical thinking, and the development of fine
motor skills necessary for writing.
Concept of Print The awareness that written letters have sounds and they form words
Letter knowledge Basic knowledge of the alphabet and what sounds each letter make is foundational
for literacy acquisition
Logographic Foundation The reading of sight words, which involves the use of visual cues Ex. recognize
visual cues
Phonetic reading Uses letter-sound correspondence as a first step in simple decoding.
Learners must understand what the letters are and what sounds they make
Promoting literacy Development in Second-language -Place values on the literacy skills they already possess, including those in their
learners native language
-Utilize and enrich first-language knowledge
-Ensure that ESL instruction is at a developmentally appropriate level
-Provide explicit vocabulary instruction
-Provide ample exposure to rich language input
-maintain open communication, provide positive feedback, and encourage pee
relationships
Phonological awareness Understanding that words are made up of sounds units (called phonemes)
Phonics Is the understanding that sounds and printed letters are connected.
Phonics and phonological awareness are important The development of early literacy
because...
Rhyming Having an ending sound that corresponds with another
Segmenting The ability to break a word up into its individual component sounds
Alphabetic Principle The understanding of the sounds that are associated with each letter of the
alphabet
, Letter-Sound Correspondence The knowledge of the sounds that are associated with each letter of the alphabet
Decoding The ability to apply the knowledge of letter-sounds relationships in order to
pronounce written words
Syllabication The ability to correctly divide words into syllables
Fluency The ability to read text smoothly, without paying much attention to the mechanics of
reading
Rate The speed at which reading occurs
Accuracy A measure of the percentage of oral reading that is correct
Stages of Early Orthographic Development Drawing
Scribbles
Letter-like forms
Random Letters
Invented Spelling
Conventional spelling
Drawing Expressed ideas through pictures: uses drawing as a form of communication
Scribbles Uses scribbles as a form of writing; intends the scribbles to have meaning like
writing
Letter-like forms Shapes start to look like letters but are not actual letters
Random letters Writes actual letters but in patterns or strings that make no sense
Reading and Language
Arts Subtest (5002) 2026 |
Study Guide, Practice
Questions, Answers,
Rationales & Exam Review
| Complete Ethics Study
Guide
Updated 2026 Questions and Answers
100% Verified Exam Prep and Comprehensive
Rationales
Included
,Emergent Literacy Refers to the language development that occurs before a child can read or write
words.
Skills are developed from birth and include listening, speaking, memory, recognizing
pattern and rhyme, print awareness, critical thinking, and the development of fine
motor skills necessary for writing.
Concept of Print The awareness that written letters have sounds and they form words
Letter knowledge Basic knowledge of the alphabet and what sounds each letter make is foundational
for literacy acquisition
Logographic Foundation The reading of sight words, which involves the use of visual cues Ex. recognize
visual cues
Phonetic reading Uses letter-sound correspondence as a first step in simple decoding.
Learners must understand what the letters are and what sounds they make
Promoting literacy Development in Second-language -Place values on the literacy skills they already possess, including those in their
learners native language
-Utilize and enrich first-language knowledge
-Ensure that ESL instruction is at a developmentally appropriate level
-Provide explicit vocabulary instruction
-Provide ample exposure to rich language input
-maintain open communication, provide positive feedback, and encourage pee
relationships
Phonological awareness Understanding that words are made up of sounds units (called phonemes)
Phonics Is the understanding that sounds and printed letters are connected.
Phonics and phonological awareness are important The development of early literacy
because...
Rhyming Having an ending sound that corresponds with another
Segmenting The ability to break a word up into its individual component sounds
Alphabetic Principle The understanding of the sounds that are associated with each letter of the
alphabet
, Letter-Sound Correspondence The knowledge of the sounds that are associated with each letter of the alphabet
Decoding The ability to apply the knowledge of letter-sounds relationships in order to
pronounce written words
Syllabication The ability to correctly divide words into syllables
Fluency The ability to read text smoothly, without paying much attention to the mechanics of
reading
Rate The speed at which reading occurs
Accuracy A measure of the percentage of oral reading that is correct
Stages of Early Orthographic Development Drawing
Scribbles
Letter-like forms
Random Letters
Invented Spelling
Conventional spelling
Drawing Expressed ideas through pictures: uses drawing as a form of communication
Scribbles Uses scribbles as a form of writing; intends the scribbles to have meaning like
writing
Letter-like forms Shapes start to look like letters but are not actual letters
Random letters Writes actual letters but in patterns or strings that make no sense
