The a+ advanTage: ace 2026/2027
neRc ceRTificaTion examinaTion
wiTh This sTudy guide
compRehensive q & a
◉ A Transmission Operator sees his meter readings fluctuate at
0710 , he is contacted by a neighbor TOP at 0720 who informs him
that an IROL had occurred at 0705. By when must they mitigate the
IROL violation , assuming the IROL has the maximum allowed IROL
TV
a. 0730
b. 0735
c. 0740
d. 0805. Answer: b. 0735
◉ How much power draw can be expected during restoration when
you pick up motor loads that has been off for an extended period of
time ?
a. Up to 2 times normal
b. Up to 5 times normal
c. Up to 10 times normal
d. Up to 15 times normal. Answer: c. Up to 10 times normal
,◉ A transtormer with nameplate limit of 300/400/500 MVA , has no
auxiliary cooling , at what limit would you operate this transformer ?
a. 300
b. 400
c. 500
d. Take it off-line. Answer: a. 300
◉ What initially arrests frequency after a loss of generation :
a. underfrequency load shed
b. AGC
c. Frequency Response Characteristic
d. frequency bias. Answer: c. Frequency Response Characteristic
◉ How will ACE respond when there is a large generation change
outside of your Balancing area that causes frequency to go to 59.90
Hz?
a. Net Interchange Actual will increase
b. Net Interchange Actual will decrease
c. Net Interchange Schedules will increase
,d. Net Interchange Schedules will decrease. Answer: a. Net
Interchange Actual will increase
◉ Your Balancing Authority has lost multiple generators , after
deploying contingency reserves the BA still has a large negative ACE
and tie lines are over emergency limits with incoming power flow
What action should you take next :
a. Recalculate tie line limits
b. Schedule more interchange, regardless of cost
c. Shed load to return ACE to zero
d. Restore reserves. Answer: c. Shed load to return ACE to zero
◉ A local transmission line trips when it made contact with a tree .
At one terminal SCADA shows every breaker on the bus open . What
likely caused this result ?
a. Differential relay
b. Ground relay
c. Remedial Action Scheme
d. Breaker Failure relay. Answer: d. Breaker Failure relay
◉ b. Line 2 flow will increase. Answer:
, ◉ 50 MVA transformer has 30 MW flowing into it from the high -
side . How many MVARS could flow through the transformers
without exceeding limits ?
a. 20 MVARS
b. 30 MVARS
c. 40 MVARS
d. 50 MVARS. Answer: c. 40 MVARS
◉ A capacitor at Station B is rated at 100 MVAR . Station B voltage is
.90 p.u. when you place the capacitor in service , what is the output
of the capacitor bank ?
a. 100 MVAR
b. 90 MVAR
c. 81 MVAR
d. 50 MVAR. Answer: c. 81 MVAR
◉ a. Reduce generator 1. Answer:
◉ A local transmission line is loaded to 410 MW, SOL is 370 MW.
There are 2 generators in the area, Generation Shift Factor of Gen A
is .5 and of Gen B is .25. What is the min. reduction of generation to
bring the line within SOL
neRc ceRTificaTion examinaTion
wiTh This sTudy guide
compRehensive q & a
◉ A Transmission Operator sees his meter readings fluctuate at
0710 , he is contacted by a neighbor TOP at 0720 who informs him
that an IROL had occurred at 0705. By when must they mitigate the
IROL violation , assuming the IROL has the maximum allowed IROL
TV
a. 0730
b. 0735
c. 0740
d. 0805. Answer: b. 0735
◉ How much power draw can be expected during restoration when
you pick up motor loads that has been off for an extended period of
time ?
a. Up to 2 times normal
b. Up to 5 times normal
c. Up to 10 times normal
d. Up to 15 times normal. Answer: c. Up to 10 times normal
,◉ A transtormer with nameplate limit of 300/400/500 MVA , has no
auxiliary cooling , at what limit would you operate this transformer ?
a. 300
b. 400
c. 500
d. Take it off-line. Answer: a. 300
◉ What initially arrests frequency after a loss of generation :
a. underfrequency load shed
b. AGC
c. Frequency Response Characteristic
d. frequency bias. Answer: c. Frequency Response Characteristic
◉ How will ACE respond when there is a large generation change
outside of your Balancing area that causes frequency to go to 59.90
Hz?
a. Net Interchange Actual will increase
b. Net Interchange Actual will decrease
c. Net Interchange Schedules will increase
,d. Net Interchange Schedules will decrease. Answer: a. Net
Interchange Actual will increase
◉ Your Balancing Authority has lost multiple generators , after
deploying contingency reserves the BA still has a large negative ACE
and tie lines are over emergency limits with incoming power flow
What action should you take next :
a. Recalculate tie line limits
b. Schedule more interchange, regardless of cost
c. Shed load to return ACE to zero
d. Restore reserves. Answer: c. Shed load to return ACE to zero
◉ A local transmission line trips when it made contact with a tree .
At one terminal SCADA shows every breaker on the bus open . What
likely caused this result ?
a. Differential relay
b. Ground relay
c. Remedial Action Scheme
d. Breaker Failure relay. Answer: d. Breaker Failure relay
◉ b. Line 2 flow will increase. Answer:
, ◉ 50 MVA transformer has 30 MW flowing into it from the high -
side . How many MVARS could flow through the transformers
without exceeding limits ?
a. 20 MVARS
b. 30 MVARS
c. 40 MVARS
d. 50 MVARS. Answer: c. 40 MVARS
◉ A capacitor at Station B is rated at 100 MVAR . Station B voltage is
.90 p.u. when you place the capacitor in service , what is the output
of the capacitor bank ?
a. 100 MVAR
b. 90 MVAR
c. 81 MVAR
d. 50 MVAR. Answer: c. 81 MVAR
◉ a. Reduce generator 1. Answer:
◉ A local transmission line is loaded to 410 MW, SOL is 370 MW.
There are 2 generators in the area, Generation Shift Factor of Gen A
is .5 and of Gen B is .25. What is the min. reduction of generation to
bring the line within SOL
