Congenital Heart Defects Questions With
Correct Answers 2026-2027 A+ Graded
What does "PFO" stand for?
Pre-frontal Ductal Ovale
Patent Foramen Ovale
Patent Frontal Opening
Pre-ductal Frontal Opening - CORRECT ANSWER -Patent Foramen Ovale
Which type of shunt is typically found with a VSD?
Left to Right
Right to Left
Both
Neither - CORRECT ANSWER -Left to Right
Which of the following is a complication of VSD shunting?
Pulmonary Hypertension
Cyanosis
Right-sided Cardiomyopathy (heart failure)
Atrial Fibrillation - CORRECT ANSWER -Right-sided Cardiomyopathy (heart failure)
Aortic Stenosis is a structural abnormality in which:
, the aorta shunts blood to the incorrect chambers of the heart
blood flows freely throughout the chambers of the heart
there is a narrowing of the lumen of the aorta
bloodAcannotAflowAfromArightAatriumAtoAleftAventricleA-ACORRECTAANSWERA-
thereAisAaAnarrowingAofAtheAlumenAofAtheAaorta
TheAtermA"Ductal-
Dependent"AwhenAdescribingAcertainAcongenitalAheartAdefectsArefersAtoAwhichAofAtheAfollowing?
TheADuctusAVenous
TheAForamenADuctus
TheADuctusADiclementosus
TheADuctusAArteriosusA-ACORRECTAANSWERA-TheADuctusAArteriosus
TheADuctusAArteriosusAprovidesAaAcommunicationAofAbloodAbetweenAwhichAtwoAgreatAvessels?
TheAInferiorAVenaACavaA&AAorta
PulmonaryAArteryA&AAorta
AortaA&AInferiorAVenaACava
SuperiorAVenaACavaA&APulmonaryAArteryA-ACORRECTAANSWERA-PulmonaryAArteryA&AAorta
TetralogyAofAFallotAisAcomposedAofAfourAabnormalities,Atypically:AaAVSD/ASD,APulmonaryAStenosis,
ARight-sidedACardiomyopathyAandAwhichAofAtheAfollowing?
PatentAForamenAOvale
AnAOver-ridingAAorta
CloggedADuctusAArteriosus
Correct Answers 2026-2027 A+ Graded
What does "PFO" stand for?
Pre-frontal Ductal Ovale
Patent Foramen Ovale
Patent Frontal Opening
Pre-ductal Frontal Opening - CORRECT ANSWER -Patent Foramen Ovale
Which type of shunt is typically found with a VSD?
Left to Right
Right to Left
Both
Neither - CORRECT ANSWER -Left to Right
Which of the following is a complication of VSD shunting?
Pulmonary Hypertension
Cyanosis
Right-sided Cardiomyopathy (heart failure)
Atrial Fibrillation - CORRECT ANSWER -Right-sided Cardiomyopathy (heart failure)
Aortic Stenosis is a structural abnormality in which:
, the aorta shunts blood to the incorrect chambers of the heart
blood flows freely throughout the chambers of the heart
there is a narrowing of the lumen of the aorta
bloodAcannotAflowAfromArightAatriumAtoAleftAventricleA-ACORRECTAANSWERA-
thereAisAaAnarrowingAofAtheAlumenAofAtheAaorta
TheAtermA"Ductal-
Dependent"AwhenAdescribingAcertainAcongenitalAheartAdefectsArefersAtoAwhichAofAtheAfollowing?
TheADuctusAVenous
TheAForamenADuctus
TheADuctusADiclementosus
TheADuctusAArteriosusA-ACORRECTAANSWERA-TheADuctusAArteriosus
TheADuctusAArteriosusAprovidesAaAcommunicationAofAbloodAbetweenAwhichAtwoAgreatAvessels?
TheAInferiorAVenaACavaA&AAorta
PulmonaryAArteryA&AAorta
AortaA&AInferiorAVenaACava
SuperiorAVenaACavaA&APulmonaryAArteryA-ACORRECTAANSWERA-PulmonaryAArteryA&AAorta
TetralogyAofAFallotAisAcomposedAofAfourAabnormalities,Atypically:AaAVSD/ASD,APulmonaryAStenosis,
ARight-sidedACardiomyopathyAandAwhichAofAtheAfollowing?
PatentAForamenAOvale
AnAOver-ridingAAorta
CloggedADuctusAArteriosus