Congenital Heart Defects Questions With
Correct Answers 2026-2027 A+ Graded
Congenital Heart Defects - CORRECT ANSWER -Definition - structural defects that are in the
heart from birth - heart is formed by 8 weeks
PDA - CORRECT ANSWER -Patent Ductus Arteriosus
ASD - CORRECT ANSWER -Atrial Septal Defects
VSD - CORRECT ANSWER -Ventricular Septal Defects
COA - CORRECT ANSWER -Coarctation of Aorta
TOF - CORRECT ANSWER -Tetralogy of Fallot
Left to right shunt lesions - CORRECT ANSWER -ASD - Atrial Septal Defects, VSD - Ventricular
Septal Defects, PDA - Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Obstructive lesions - CORRECT ANSWER -Coarctation of the Aorta - increased pressure in
ventricle
Cyanotic Lesion w/ decreased pulmonary blood flow - CORRECT ANSWER -Tetralogy of Fallot
Cyanotic Lesions w/ increased pulmonary blood flow - CORRECT ANSWER -Transposition of
Great Arteries
, What is Ductus Arteriosus? - CORRECT ANSWER -a shunt connecting the pulmonary artery to
the aortic arch
becomes a ligament after birth
DuctusAArteriosusAClosureA-ACauseA-ACORRECTAANSWERA-DecreasedAprostaglandinAlevels
IncreasedAO2Alevels
decreasedABPAinAductAlumen
KeepingADuctusAArteriosusAopenA-ACORRECTAANSWERA-
GiveAprostaglandinAtoAkeepAopenAwhenAneeded
DirectionAofAbloodAflowAinAPatentADuctusAArteriosusAisAreversedA-ACORRECTAANSWERA-FetalALifeA-
AflowAformApulmonaryAarteryAtoAAorta
NewbornA-AflowAfromAAortaAtoApulmonaryAartery
ManifestationsAofAPatentADuctusAArteriosusA-ACORRECTAANSWERA-smallAopening-asymptomatic
continuousAmurmurA-AturbulentAbloodAflowA
wideApulseApressureA-AhardAforAdiastoleAtoAcatchAupA(diastolicApressureAcouldAbeAlower)
slowAweightAgainA=AhardAtoAgetAO2AtoAtheAbodyA(fussyAbaby)
feedingAdifficult
fatigue
tachypnea
frequentArespiratoryAtractAinfectionA-AincreasedAfluidAinAlungs
failureAtoAthrive
FeedingAInfantAforAallAcongenitalAdefectsA-ACORRECTAANSWERA-RelaxedAenvironment
BeforeAotherAactivities
Correct Answers 2026-2027 A+ Graded
Congenital Heart Defects - CORRECT ANSWER -Definition - structural defects that are in the
heart from birth - heart is formed by 8 weeks
PDA - CORRECT ANSWER -Patent Ductus Arteriosus
ASD - CORRECT ANSWER -Atrial Septal Defects
VSD - CORRECT ANSWER -Ventricular Septal Defects
COA - CORRECT ANSWER -Coarctation of Aorta
TOF - CORRECT ANSWER -Tetralogy of Fallot
Left to right shunt lesions - CORRECT ANSWER -ASD - Atrial Septal Defects, VSD - Ventricular
Septal Defects, PDA - Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Obstructive lesions - CORRECT ANSWER -Coarctation of the Aorta - increased pressure in
ventricle
Cyanotic Lesion w/ decreased pulmonary blood flow - CORRECT ANSWER -Tetralogy of Fallot
Cyanotic Lesions w/ increased pulmonary blood flow - CORRECT ANSWER -Transposition of
Great Arteries
, What is Ductus Arteriosus? - CORRECT ANSWER -a shunt connecting the pulmonary artery to
the aortic arch
becomes a ligament after birth
DuctusAArteriosusAClosureA-ACauseA-ACORRECTAANSWERA-DecreasedAprostaglandinAlevels
IncreasedAO2Alevels
decreasedABPAinAductAlumen
KeepingADuctusAArteriosusAopenA-ACORRECTAANSWERA-
GiveAprostaglandinAtoAkeepAopenAwhenAneeded
DirectionAofAbloodAflowAinAPatentADuctusAArteriosusAisAreversedA-ACORRECTAANSWERA-FetalALifeA-
AflowAformApulmonaryAarteryAtoAAorta
NewbornA-AflowAfromAAortaAtoApulmonaryAartery
ManifestationsAofAPatentADuctusAArteriosusA-ACORRECTAANSWERA-smallAopening-asymptomatic
continuousAmurmurA-AturbulentAbloodAflowA
wideApulseApressureA-AhardAforAdiastoleAtoAcatchAupA(diastolicApressureAcouldAbeAlower)
slowAweightAgainA=AhardAtoAgetAO2AtoAtheAbodyA(fussyAbaby)
feedingAdifficult
fatigue
tachypnea
frequentArespiratoryAtractAinfectionA-AincreasedAfluidAinAlungs
failureAtoAthrive
FeedingAInfantAforAallAcongenitalAdefectsA-ACORRECTAANSWERA-RelaxedAenvironment
BeforeAotherAactivities