NUR 168 CH 37 & 39 EXAM 2 REVIEW QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS | LATEST NUR 168 STUDY GUIDE & PRACTICE
TEST 2026/2027
Hesitancy - ANS ✔✔A delay or difficulty in initiating voiding
Urge incontinence - ANS ✔✔The involuntary loss of urine associated with an abrupt and strong desire to
void
Functional incontinence - ANS ✔✔Urine loss caused by factors outside the lower urinary tract, such as
chronic impairments of physical and cognitive functioning
Micturition - ANS ✔✔The process of emptying the bladder
Enuresis - ANS ✔✔Involuntary urination that occurs after an age when continence should be present
Urinary retention - ANS ✔✔Occurs when urine is produced normally but not appropriately excreted
from the bladder
Overflow incontinence - ANS ✔✔The involuntary loss of urine associated with overdistention and
overflow of the bladder
Total incontinence - ANS ✔✔Continuous and unpredictable loss of urine resulting from surgery, trauma,
or physical malformation
Autonomic bladder - ANS ✔✔Voiding by reflex only
Stress incontinence - ANS ✔✔Occurs when there is an involuntary loss of urine related to an increase in
intra-abdominal pressure during coughing, sneezing, laughing, or other physical activities
Mixed incontinence - ANS ✔✔Symptoms of urge and stress incontinence are present, although one type
may predominate
Diuretics cause urine to be - ANS ✔✔pale yellow
Levodopa and injectable iron compounds cause urine to be - ANS ✔✔Brown or black
B-complex vitamins and Amitriptyline cause urine to be - ANS ✔✔Green or green-blue
Phenazopyridine causes urine to be - ANS ✔✔Orange, orang-red, or pink
Anticoagulants cause urine to be - ANS ✔✔Red
, "You are experiencing stress incontinence. Do you know how to do Kegel exercises?" - ANS ✔✔The nurse
is assessing a female patient who states that she notices an involuntary loss of urine following a coughing
episode. What would the nurse's best response be?
Urinary retention - ANS ✔✔The nurse measures a patient's residual urine by catheterization after the
patient voids. What condition would this test verify?
Straight catheter - ANS ✔✔What catheter would the nurse use to drain a patient's bladder for short
periods (5 to 10 min)?
The bladder normally is a sterile cavity - ANS ✔✔The nurse is preparing to catheterize a patient who is
incontinent of urine following a bladder surgery. What fact should the nurse keep in mind when
performing catheterization?
Position the container near the meatus, and collect at least 10 mL of urine - ANS ✔✔The nurse is
collecting a clean-catch specimen from a patient. Which nursing action is performed correctly in this
procedure?
Urinal - ANS ✔✔The nurse is choosing a collection device to collect urine from a nonambulatory male
patient. What would be the nurse's best choice?
Impaired skin integrity related to urinary bladder infection and dehydration - ANS ✔✔A male patient is
being transferred to the hospital from a long-term care facility with a diagnosis of dehydration and
urinary bladder infection. His skin is also excoriated from urinary incontinence. Which nursing diagnosis
is most appropriate for this patient?
Use dominant hand to inflate the catheter balloon, and inject entire volume of sterile water supplied in
prefilled syringe - ANS ✔✔A nurse is inserting a catheter into a female bladder. Which nursing action is
performed correctly?
Decreased bladder contractility - ANS ✔✔A nurse assessing an older adult finds that the patient has had
four urinary tract infections in the past year. Which physiologic change of aging would the nurse suspect
is the cause?
The first voiding of the day - ANS ✔✔The doctor has ordered the collection of a fresh urine sample for a
particular examination. Which urine sample would the nurse discard?
Insertion of a urologic stent - ANS ✔✔The nurse is caring for a male patient who has a urinary
obstruction and is not a candidate for surgery. What intervention would the nurse expect the health care
provider to perform?
-Withhold or limit foods before testing
-Give an enema the day of the examination
-Obtain the patient's allergy history
-Give a laxative the evening before the examination - ANS ✔✔The nurse is preparing a patient for an
intravenous pyelogram. Which nursing actions are performed correctly?
-Sterile urine specimens may be obtained by catheterizing the patient's bladder
ANSWERS | LATEST NUR 168 STUDY GUIDE & PRACTICE
TEST 2026/2027
Hesitancy - ANS ✔✔A delay or difficulty in initiating voiding
Urge incontinence - ANS ✔✔The involuntary loss of urine associated with an abrupt and strong desire to
void
Functional incontinence - ANS ✔✔Urine loss caused by factors outside the lower urinary tract, such as
chronic impairments of physical and cognitive functioning
Micturition - ANS ✔✔The process of emptying the bladder
Enuresis - ANS ✔✔Involuntary urination that occurs after an age when continence should be present
Urinary retention - ANS ✔✔Occurs when urine is produced normally but not appropriately excreted
from the bladder
Overflow incontinence - ANS ✔✔The involuntary loss of urine associated with overdistention and
overflow of the bladder
Total incontinence - ANS ✔✔Continuous and unpredictable loss of urine resulting from surgery, trauma,
or physical malformation
Autonomic bladder - ANS ✔✔Voiding by reflex only
Stress incontinence - ANS ✔✔Occurs when there is an involuntary loss of urine related to an increase in
intra-abdominal pressure during coughing, sneezing, laughing, or other physical activities
Mixed incontinence - ANS ✔✔Symptoms of urge and stress incontinence are present, although one type
may predominate
Diuretics cause urine to be - ANS ✔✔pale yellow
Levodopa and injectable iron compounds cause urine to be - ANS ✔✔Brown or black
B-complex vitamins and Amitriptyline cause urine to be - ANS ✔✔Green or green-blue
Phenazopyridine causes urine to be - ANS ✔✔Orange, orang-red, or pink
Anticoagulants cause urine to be - ANS ✔✔Red
, "You are experiencing stress incontinence. Do you know how to do Kegel exercises?" - ANS ✔✔The nurse
is assessing a female patient who states that she notices an involuntary loss of urine following a coughing
episode. What would the nurse's best response be?
Urinary retention - ANS ✔✔The nurse measures a patient's residual urine by catheterization after the
patient voids. What condition would this test verify?
Straight catheter - ANS ✔✔What catheter would the nurse use to drain a patient's bladder for short
periods (5 to 10 min)?
The bladder normally is a sterile cavity - ANS ✔✔The nurse is preparing to catheterize a patient who is
incontinent of urine following a bladder surgery. What fact should the nurse keep in mind when
performing catheterization?
Position the container near the meatus, and collect at least 10 mL of urine - ANS ✔✔The nurse is
collecting a clean-catch specimen from a patient. Which nursing action is performed correctly in this
procedure?
Urinal - ANS ✔✔The nurse is choosing a collection device to collect urine from a nonambulatory male
patient. What would be the nurse's best choice?
Impaired skin integrity related to urinary bladder infection and dehydration - ANS ✔✔A male patient is
being transferred to the hospital from a long-term care facility with a diagnosis of dehydration and
urinary bladder infection. His skin is also excoriated from urinary incontinence. Which nursing diagnosis
is most appropriate for this patient?
Use dominant hand to inflate the catheter balloon, and inject entire volume of sterile water supplied in
prefilled syringe - ANS ✔✔A nurse is inserting a catheter into a female bladder. Which nursing action is
performed correctly?
Decreased bladder contractility - ANS ✔✔A nurse assessing an older adult finds that the patient has had
four urinary tract infections in the past year. Which physiologic change of aging would the nurse suspect
is the cause?
The first voiding of the day - ANS ✔✔The doctor has ordered the collection of a fresh urine sample for a
particular examination. Which urine sample would the nurse discard?
Insertion of a urologic stent - ANS ✔✔The nurse is caring for a male patient who has a urinary
obstruction and is not a candidate for surgery. What intervention would the nurse expect the health care
provider to perform?
-Withhold or limit foods before testing
-Give an enema the day of the examination
-Obtain the patient's allergy history
-Give a laxative the evening before the examination - ANS ✔✔The nurse is preparing a patient for an
intravenous pyelogram. Which nursing actions are performed correctly?
-Sterile urine specimens may be obtained by catheterizing the patient's bladder
