The Story of Psychology
2026 | Study Guide,
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Ethics Study Guide
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Rationales
Included
, Aristotle Theorized about learning and memory, motivation and emotion, perception and
personality. Said that there is nothing in the mind that does not first come in from
the external world through the senses.
Wilhelm Wundt Established the first psychology laboratory in Germany. Wanted to measure "atoms
of the mind"-the fastest and simplest mental processes.
Edward Titchener Used introspection to search for the mind's structural elements.
Structuralism Systematic movement which analyzes the adult mind in terms of the simplest
definable components and then to find the way in which these components fit
together in complex forms.
Functionalism Stressed the importance of empirical, rational thought over an experimental, trial-
and-error philosophy. More concerned with the capability of the mind than with the
process of thought.
Introspection Looking inward. A careful set of observations made under controlled conditions by
trained observers using a stringently defined descriptive vocabulary.
William James Thought it would be more fruitful to consider the evolved functions of our thoughts
and feelings. Assumed that thinking, like smelling, developed because it was
adaptive.
Adaptive It contributed to our ancestor's survival.
Margaret Washburn The first woman to receive a psychology Ph.D.
What event defined the start of scientific psychology? Scientific psychology began in Germany in 1879 when Wilhelm Wundt opened the
first psychology laboratory.
Why did introspection fail as a method for understanding People's self-reports varied, depending on the experience and the person's
how the mind works? intelligence and verbal ability.
Behaviorism The view that psychology (1) should be an objective science that (2) studies
behavior without reference to mental processes. Most research psychologists today
agree with (1) but not with (2).
2026 | Study Guide,
Practice Questions,
Answers, Rationales &
Exam Review | Complete
Ethics Study Guide
Updated 2026 Questions and Answers
100% Verified Exam Prep and Comprehensive
Rationales
Included
, Aristotle Theorized about learning and memory, motivation and emotion, perception and
personality. Said that there is nothing in the mind that does not first come in from
the external world through the senses.
Wilhelm Wundt Established the first psychology laboratory in Germany. Wanted to measure "atoms
of the mind"-the fastest and simplest mental processes.
Edward Titchener Used introspection to search for the mind's structural elements.
Structuralism Systematic movement which analyzes the adult mind in terms of the simplest
definable components and then to find the way in which these components fit
together in complex forms.
Functionalism Stressed the importance of empirical, rational thought over an experimental, trial-
and-error philosophy. More concerned with the capability of the mind than with the
process of thought.
Introspection Looking inward. A careful set of observations made under controlled conditions by
trained observers using a stringently defined descriptive vocabulary.
William James Thought it would be more fruitful to consider the evolved functions of our thoughts
and feelings. Assumed that thinking, like smelling, developed because it was
adaptive.
Adaptive It contributed to our ancestor's survival.
Margaret Washburn The first woman to receive a psychology Ph.D.
What event defined the start of scientific psychology? Scientific psychology began in Germany in 1879 when Wilhelm Wundt opened the
first psychology laboratory.
Why did introspection fail as a method for understanding People's self-reports varied, depending on the experience and the person's
how the mind works? intelligence and verbal ability.
Behaviorism The view that psychology (1) should be an objective science that (2) studies
behavior without reference to mental processes. Most research psychologists today
agree with (1) but not with (2).
