Business Studies
Grade 10
Summaries
© 2026 Knap Opsommings
All notes, summaries, and study materials are owned by Knap Opsommings. Please use them only for your
personal school learning. Do not copy, share, or sell our content without permission.
, MICROENVIRONMENT, BUSINESS FUNCTIONS + QUALITY
Business Environments
Internal Internal Environment
Business has complete control. Business has no control. Management has some influence.
Microenvironment Market Environment Macro environment
[full control by company] ⇨Operational [limited control by ⇨General [no control by the
the company] company]
• Vision, mission, • consumers • political
strategy and objectives • competitors • economic
of the business • suppliers • social
enterprise • civil society • technologically
• Factors of production / • intermediaries • legally
resources • customers / clients • environment
• Business functions • physically / naturally
• Management structure • sociocultural &
• Work environment demography
• Culture • international / global
• Image of the company • institutional
Challenges
• difficult employees • competition • changes in income
• lack of vision and • demographics levels
mission • stock shortage • globalization
• lack of adequate • change in consumer • political changes
management skills preferences and habits • recent legislation
• trade unions • psychographics • labour restrictions
• stalking and stalking • socio-economic issues
• inflation and interest
rates
MICROENVIRONMENT → internal environment / company itself
Components:
VISION, MISSION STATEMENT, AIMS + GOALS
Vision → a dream that gives direction to the organisation over a long period of time [clear & inspiring
statement of what you are trying to achieve]
Strategy → the planning and actions of the top manager to achieve their vision.
Strategic vision → combine vision and strategy to provide a framework for the mission and objectives
of the organisation
© 2026 Knap Opsommings
,Mission statement
→ is inspired by the vision and explains what the business does in the long term
→ statement of core objectives of a business and an explanation of why the business exists
Objectives (aim) and objectives
Primary objective → To make a profit
Secondary objective → social upliftment
ORGANISATIONAL CULTURE – ORGANISATIONAL RESOURCES
Organisational culture
→ refers to HOW things are done at a business [e.g., clothing] > INFLUENCED BY EMPLOYEES'
CULTURE
Values
→ may include the upliftment of disadvantaged persons and equal employment opportunities [the
moral qualities important to an organisation]
Conviction
→ an organisation feels that the employees should dress as they want so that they can be
comfortable [example] > what an organisation feels is true / acceptable
Purpose of a business
[NOT JUST > pursue optimal profit]
→ to create employment opportunities and to be involved in social uplift
[Purpose → the aims or objectives of an organisation]
Organisational resources
→ Resources that a business uses > effective functioning
HUMAN RESOURCES– People with knowledge and skills (workers, consultants & managers)
[LABOUR → WAGES]
PHYSICAL RESOURCES– (operating resources) everything needed to run the business
successfully [CAPITAL → INTEREST]
FINANCIAL RESOURCES– (Cash, bank overdrafts, short- and long-term loans) it is necessary
to pay purchases and expenses to run the business [ENTREPRENEURIAL → PROFIT]
TECHNOLOGICAL RESOURCES- (Computers, voice mail and e-mail or production technology)
can give advantage over competitors but must therefore be protected by patent rights or
copyright [NATURAL → RENT]
© 2026 Knap Opsommings
, BUSINESS MANAGEMENT - LEADERSHIP - ORGANISATIONAL
Management → The process by which an individual provides guidance and direction so that the
organisation can achieve its objectives
Leadership → The way in which an individual can influence the behaviour of others to achieve the
objectives of the organisation
Leadership Manager
• any employee [not management • specific position in company
position] • vacant management position
• comes forward > need for guidance in • hand out assignments + ensure their
group > CHARACTER TRAIT execution
• part of team + help carry out tasks • authority to issue assignments
• inspire to carry out tasks
Organisational structure
→ Way in which employees are organised in a company + describe each manager's responsibilities
& authority
TRADITIONAL > pyramids [indicate levels of enterprise]
ORGANISATION → management determines which activities are to be carried out and by whom.
Organogram indicates:
→ What work is done and by whom it is done
→ The relationship between different jobs and tasks (lower level, middle level or top
management)
→ The coordination between different departments (e.g., human resources and marketing
management)
© 2026 Knap Opsommings
Grade 10
Summaries
© 2026 Knap Opsommings
All notes, summaries, and study materials are owned by Knap Opsommings. Please use them only for your
personal school learning. Do not copy, share, or sell our content without permission.
, MICROENVIRONMENT, BUSINESS FUNCTIONS + QUALITY
Business Environments
Internal Internal Environment
Business has complete control. Business has no control. Management has some influence.
Microenvironment Market Environment Macro environment
[full control by company] ⇨Operational [limited control by ⇨General [no control by the
the company] company]
• Vision, mission, • consumers • political
strategy and objectives • competitors • economic
of the business • suppliers • social
enterprise • civil society • technologically
• Factors of production / • intermediaries • legally
resources • customers / clients • environment
• Business functions • physically / naturally
• Management structure • sociocultural &
• Work environment demography
• Culture • international / global
• Image of the company • institutional
Challenges
• difficult employees • competition • changes in income
• lack of vision and • demographics levels
mission • stock shortage • globalization
• lack of adequate • change in consumer • political changes
management skills preferences and habits • recent legislation
• trade unions • psychographics • labour restrictions
• stalking and stalking • socio-economic issues
• inflation and interest
rates
MICROENVIRONMENT → internal environment / company itself
Components:
VISION, MISSION STATEMENT, AIMS + GOALS
Vision → a dream that gives direction to the organisation over a long period of time [clear & inspiring
statement of what you are trying to achieve]
Strategy → the planning and actions of the top manager to achieve their vision.
Strategic vision → combine vision and strategy to provide a framework for the mission and objectives
of the organisation
© 2026 Knap Opsommings
,Mission statement
→ is inspired by the vision and explains what the business does in the long term
→ statement of core objectives of a business and an explanation of why the business exists
Objectives (aim) and objectives
Primary objective → To make a profit
Secondary objective → social upliftment
ORGANISATIONAL CULTURE – ORGANISATIONAL RESOURCES
Organisational culture
→ refers to HOW things are done at a business [e.g., clothing] > INFLUENCED BY EMPLOYEES'
CULTURE
Values
→ may include the upliftment of disadvantaged persons and equal employment opportunities [the
moral qualities important to an organisation]
Conviction
→ an organisation feels that the employees should dress as they want so that they can be
comfortable [example] > what an organisation feels is true / acceptable
Purpose of a business
[NOT JUST > pursue optimal profit]
→ to create employment opportunities and to be involved in social uplift
[Purpose → the aims or objectives of an organisation]
Organisational resources
→ Resources that a business uses > effective functioning
HUMAN RESOURCES– People with knowledge and skills (workers, consultants & managers)
[LABOUR → WAGES]
PHYSICAL RESOURCES– (operating resources) everything needed to run the business
successfully [CAPITAL → INTEREST]
FINANCIAL RESOURCES– (Cash, bank overdrafts, short- and long-term loans) it is necessary
to pay purchases and expenses to run the business [ENTREPRENEURIAL → PROFIT]
TECHNOLOGICAL RESOURCES- (Computers, voice mail and e-mail or production technology)
can give advantage over competitors but must therefore be protected by patent rights or
copyright [NATURAL → RENT]
© 2026 Knap Opsommings
, BUSINESS MANAGEMENT - LEADERSHIP - ORGANISATIONAL
Management → The process by which an individual provides guidance and direction so that the
organisation can achieve its objectives
Leadership → The way in which an individual can influence the behaviour of others to achieve the
objectives of the organisation
Leadership Manager
• any employee [not management • specific position in company
position] • vacant management position
• comes forward > need for guidance in • hand out assignments + ensure their
group > CHARACTER TRAIT execution
• part of team + help carry out tasks • authority to issue assignments
• inspire to carry out tasks
Organisational structure
→ Way in which employees are organised in a company + describe each manager's responsibilities
& authority
TRADITIONAL > pyramids [indicate levels of enterprise]
ORGANISATION → management determines which activities are to be carried out and by whom.
Organogram indicates:
→ What work is done and by whom it is done
→ The relationship between different jobs and tasks (lower level, middle level or top
management)
→ The coordination between different departments (e.g., human resources and marketing
management)
© 2026 Knap Opsommings
