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personality - ANS-the unique and relatively stable ways in which people think, feel, and
behave
+ an individual's unique and stable patterns of thinking, feeling, behaving, and
experiencing the environment.
+ personality is the organization of enduring behavior patterns that serve to distinguish
us from each other.
+Our character and temperament are important parts of our personality. Character,
which is the judgment of an individual's moral and ethical behavior, along with
temperament, the enduring characteristics with which each person is born, influence the
formation of our personality.
+ Freud proposed that our personality consists of three interacting drives: the id, ego,
and superego.
+Freud was convinced that personality develops during the first 3 to 5 years of life.
character - ANS-value judgments of a persons moral and ethical behavior
+ re based on beliefs (e.g., that honesty and treating others well is important—or not),
and though beliefs can be changed, it's far harder than most realize.
temperament - ANS-the enduring characteristics with which each person taking the
person book with and
unconscious mind - ANS-level of the mind in which thoughts, feelings memories, and
other information are kept that are not easily or voluntarily brought into consciousness
+ Freud believed the mind was like an iceberg, divided into three parts: the
preconscious, conscious, and unconscious minds (Freud, 1901).
+ According to Freud, our conscious awareness is the part of the iceberg that floats
above the water's surface and contains information about ourselves and environment
that currently exists in our consciousness.
+ where thoughts, feelings, memories, and wishes we are unaware of are kept.
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+ also contains some thoughts we store temporarily.
+ called the preconscious, is the part of the iceberg located just below the surface of the
water.
+ preconscious level contains thoughts or memories that can be brought into our
conscious awareness quite easily, but are not part of our immediate awareness.
id - ANS-part of the personality present at birth and completely unconscious
+ the id is the most primitive, animalistic part of our personality.
+ It houses our unconscious energy and constantly strives to satisfy basic drives such
as reproduction, survival, and aggression.
+ The id operates on the pleasure principle, the instant gratification of needs without
regard for the consequences.
pleasure principle - ANS-principle by which the id functions; the immediate satisfaction
of needs without regard for the consequences
ego - ANS-part of the personality that develops out of a need to deal with reality, mostly
conscious, rational, and logical
+ the ego is the executive part of our personality that operates on the reality principle,
gratifying the id's impulses in realistic ways that will bring long-term pleasure.
+ It contains our partly conscious perceptions, memories, thoughts, and judgments and
mediates between the id and superego.
reality principle - ANS-principle by which the ego functions; the satisfaction of the
demands of the id only when negative consequences will not result
superego - ANS-part of the personality that acts as a moral center
+ he superego, located in the conscious, preconscious and unconscious, is the part of
our personality that develops last.
+ It is made of our morals and sense of right and wrong and contains our conscience.
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conscious - ANS-part of the superego that produces pride or guilt, depending on how
acceptable behavior
fixation - ANS-disorder in which the person does not fully resolve the conflict in a
particular psychosexual stage, resulting in personality traits and behavior associated wit
that earlier stage
psychosexual stages - ANS-five stages of personality development proposed by Freud
and tied to the sexual development of tied
+ He concluded that children pass through a series of stages during which energies are
focused on erogenous zones, distinct pleasure-sensitive areas of the body. Freud called
these stages the psychosexual stages.
+ In these stages, Freud noted how the erogenous areas are both the focus of pleasure
and unresolved conflict.
+ Unresolved conflicts during earlier psychosexual stages could result in maladaptive
behaviors in the adult years.
+ These unresolved conflicts could result in fixations, disorders in which an individual's
behavior is associated with an earlier psychosexual stage or stuck in a previous
psychosexual stage.
oral stage - ANS-first stage occurring in the first ear of life in which the mouth is the
erogenous zone and wearing is the primary effect
+ From Birth to 18 months
+ Babies "see" the world through oral activities such as sucking, feeding, making noises
and sounds, and putting toys in their mouths.
+ According to Freud, babies are dominated by the id and conflict can arise over
weaning the child away from the mother's breast. Weaning that occurs too early or too
late can result in too much or too little satisfaction of the child's oral needs.
+ Overeating, nail biting, gum chewing, talking excessively or drinking too much would
be indications to Freud that a person was experiencing unresolved conflict from the oral
stage.
anal stage - ANS-second stage occurring from about 1-3 ears of age, in which the anus
in the erogenous zone and toilet training is the source of conflict
+ toddler (18 months to 3 years)
+ Focus of Pleasure: Anus
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Module 8 Journal [Ap Psych]
personality - ANS-the unique and relatively stable ways in which people think, feel, and
behave
+ an individual's unique and stable patterns of thinking, feeling, behaving, and
experiencing the environment.
+ personality is the organization of enduring behavior patterns that serve to distinguish
us from each other.
+Our character and temperament are important parts of our personality. Character,
which is the judgment of an individual's moral and ethical behavior, along with
temperament, the enduring characteristics with which each person is born, influence the
formation of our personality.
+ Freud proposed that our personality consists of three interacting drives: the id, ego,
and superego.
+Freud was convinced that personality develops during the first 3 to 5 years of life.
character - ANS-value judgments of a persons moral and ethical behavior
+ re based on beliefs (e.g., that honesty and treating others well is important—or not),
and though beliefs can be changed, it's far harder than most realize.
temperament - ANS-the enduring characteristics with which each person taking the
person book with and
unconscious mind - ANS-level of the mind in which thoughts, feelings memories, and
other information are kept that are not easily or voluntarily brought into consciousness
+ Freud believed the mind was like an iceberg, divided into three parts: the
preconscious, conscious, and unconscious minds (Freud, 1901).
+ According to Freud, our conscious awareness is the part of the iceberg that floats
above the water's surface and contains information about ourselves and environment
that currently exists in our consciousness.
+ where thoughts, feelings, memories, and wishes we are unaware of are kept.
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+ also contains some thoughts we store temporarily.
+ called the preconscious, is the part of the iceberg located just below the surface of the
water.
+ preconscious level contains thoughts or memories that can be brought into our
conscious awareness quite easily, but are not part of our immediate awareness.
id - ANS-part of the personality present at birth and completely unconscious
+ the id is the most primitive, animalistic part of our personality.
+ It houses our unconscious energy and constantly strives to satisfy basic drives such
as reproduction, survival, and aggression.
+ The id operates on the pleasure principle, the instant gratification of needs without
regard for the consequences.
pleasure principle - ANS-principle by which the id functions; the immediate satisfaction
of needs without regard for the consequences
ego - ANS-part of the personality that develops out of a need to deal with reality, mostly
conscious, rational, and logical
+ the ego is the executive part of our personality that operates on the reality principle,
gratifying the id's impulses in realistic ways that will bring long-term pleasure.
+ It contains our partly conscious perceptions, memories, thoughts, and judgments and
mediates between the id and superego.
reality principle - ANS-principle by which the ego functions; the satisfaction of the
demands of the id only when negative consequences will not result
superego - ANS-part of the personality that acts as a moral center
+ he superego, located in the conscious, preconscious and unconscious, is the part of
our personality that develops last.
+ It is made of our morals and sense of right and wrong and contains our conscience.
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conscious - ANS-part of the superego that produces pride or guilt, depending on how
acceptable behavior
fixation - ANS-disorder in which the person does not fully resolve the conflict in a
particular psychosexual stage, resulting in personality traits and behavior associated wit
that earlier stage
psychosexual stages - ANS-five stages of personality development proposed by Freud
and tied to the sexual development of tied
+ He concluded that children pass through a series of stages during which energies are
focused on erogenous zones, distinct pleasure-sensitive areas of the body. Freud called
these stages the psychosexual stages.
+ In these stages, Freud noted how the erogenous areas are both the focus of pleasure
and unresolved conflict.
+ Unresolved conflicts during earlier psychosexual stages could result in maladaptive
behaviors in the adult years.
+ These unresolved conflicts could result in fixations, disorders in which an individual's
behavior is associated with an earlier psychosexual stage or stuck in a previous
psychosexual stage.
oral stage - ANS-first stage occurring in the first ear of life in which the mouth is the
erogenous zone and wearing is the primary effect
+ From Birth to 18 months
+ Babies "see" the world through oral activities such as sucking, feeding, making noises
and sounds, and putting toys in their mouths.
+ According to Freud, babies are dominated by the id and conflict can arise over
weaning the child away from the mother's breast. Weaning that occurs too early or too
late can result in too much or too little satisfaction of the child's oral needs.
+ Overeating, nail biting, gum chewing, talking excessively or drinking too much would
be indications to Freud that a person was experiencing unresolved conflict from the oral
stage.
anal stage - ANS-second stage occurring from about 1-3 ears of age, in which the anus
in the erogenous zone and toilet training is the source of conflict
+ toddler (18 months to 3 years)
+ Focus of Pleasure: Anus
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