NUR 2407 PHARMACOLOGY
ADVANCED PRACTICE EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. A patient with a history of heart failure is prescribed Digoxin. The nurse notes the patient is
complaining of yellow-green halos around lights. What is the most likely cause of this
symptom?
A. Normal therapeutic effect of the medication
B. Acute narrow-angle glaucoma
C. Digoxin toxicity
D. Hypokalemia resulting from diuretic use
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Visual disturbances, such as yellow or green halos, are a classic
sign of Digoxin toxicity, often accompanied by bradycardia and gastrointestinal distress.
2. Which lab value is the most critical for a nurse to monitor in a patient receiving intravenous
Heparin therapy?
A. Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT)
,B. International Normalized Ratio (INR)
C. Prothrombin Time (PT)
D. Serum Potassium
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: aPTT is the standard laboratory value used to monitor the
effectiveness and safety of unfractionated Heparin.
3. A patient is prescribed Furosemide for the management of pulmonary edema. Which
electrolyte imbalance should the nurse monitor for most closely?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hyponatremia
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hypokalemia
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes the excretion of
sodium, water, and potassium, leading to a risk of hypokalemia.
4. A patient arrives at the emergency department with an overdose of Warfarin. Which
pharmacological agent should the nurse anticipate administering?
A. Vitamin K
B. Protamine Sulfate
, C. Naloxone
D. Glucagon
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Vitamin K is the specific antidote for Warfarin toxicity as it
promotes the synthesis of clotting factors.
5. Which of the following describes the ‘first-pass effect’ in pharmacology?
A. The time it takes for a drug to reach its maximum therapeutic effect
B. The excretion of a drug through the kidneys during the first voiding
C. The metabolism of a drug by the liver before it reaches systemic circulation
D. The binding of a drug to plasma albumin
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: The first-pass effect occurs when orally administered drugs are
absorbed from the GI tract and carried to the liver via the portal vein, where they are
extensively metabolized.
6. A nurse is preparing to administer Lispro insulin to a patient. When should the nurse
ensure the patient eats?
A. 30 to 45 minutes before administration
B. 1 hour after administration
C. Within 15 minutes of administration
ADVANCED PRACTICE EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. A patient with a history of heart failure is prescribed Digoxin. The nurse notes the patient is
complaining of yellow-green halos around lights. What is the most likely cause of this
symptom?
A. Normal therapeutic effect of the medication
B. Acute narrow-angle glaucoma
C. Digoxin toxicity
D. Hypokalemia resulting from diuretic use
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Visual disturbances, such as yellow or green halos, are a classic
sign of Digoxin toxicity, often accompanied by bradycardia and gastrointestinal distress.
2. Which lab value is the most critical for a nurse to monitor in a patient receiving intravenous
Heparin therapy?
A. Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT)
,B. International Normalized Ratio (INR)
C. Prothrombin Time (PT)
D. Serum Potassium
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: aPTT is the standard laboratory value used to monitor the
effectiveness and safety of unfractionated Heparin.
3. A patient is prescribed Furosemide for the management of pulmonary edema. Which
electrolyte imbalance should the nurse monitor for most closely?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hyponatremia
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hypokalemia
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes the excretion of
sodium, water, and potassium, leading to a risk of hypokalemia.
4. A patient arrives at the emergency department with an overdose of Warfarin. Which
pharmacological agent should the nurse anticipate administering?
A. Vitamin K
B. Protamine Sulfate
, C. Naloxone
D. Glucagon
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Vitamin K is the specific antidote for Warfarin toxicity as it
promotes the synthesis of clotting factors.
5. Which of the following describes the ‘first-pass effect’ in pharmacology?
A. The time it takes for a drug to reach its maximum therapeutic effect
B. The excretion of a drug through the kidneys during the first voiding
C. The metabolism of a drug by the liver before it reaches systemic circulation
D. The binding of a drug to plasma albumin
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: The first-pass effect occurs when orally administered drugs are
absorbed from the GI tract and carried to the liver via the portal vein, where they are
extensively metabolized.
6. A nurse is preparing to administer Lispro insulin to a patient. When should the nurse
ensure the patient eats?
A. 30 to 45 minutes before administration
B. 1 hour after administration
C. Within 15 minutes of administration
