NUR 2407 PHARMACOLOGY QUIZ 2 -
CARDIOVASCULAR AND ENDOCRINE
SYSTEMS
1. A patient is prescribed Lisinopril for hypertension. Which electrolyte imbalance should the
nurse monitor for most closely?
A. Hyponatremia
B. Hypocalcemia
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Hypomagnesemia
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: ACE inhibitors like Lisinopril block aldosterone secretion, which
leads to potassium retention, potentially causing hyperkalemia.
2. Which assessment finding is a hallmark sign of Digoxin toxicity?
A. Persistent dry cough
B. Visual disturbances, such as yellow-green halos
C. Increased urine output
D. Peripheral edema
,Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Visual changes (yellow-green halos) are classic signs of Digoxin
toxicity, along with nausea, vomiting, and bradycardia.
3. A nurse is preparing to administer Furosemide. Which lab value would be the priority to
check before administration?
A. Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)
B. Serum Sodium level
C. Serum Potassium level
D. Serum Calcium level
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes significant potassium
loss. Administering it to a hypokalemic patient increases the risk of cardiac arrhythmias.
4. What is the primary mechanism of action for Warfarin?
A. Directly inhibits thrombin
B. Prevents platelet aggregation
C. Accelerates the action of antithrombin III
D. Prevents the activation of clotting factors by inhibiting Vitamin K synthesis
Answer: D
, Conceptual Explanation: Warfarin interferes with the hepatic synthesis of Vitamin K-
dependent clotting factors (II, VII, IX, and X).
5. A patient with a history of asthma is diagnosed with hypertension. Which medication class
should be avoided?
A. Calcium Channel Blockers
B. Non-selective Beta-blockers
C. ACE Inhibitors
D. Thiazide Diuretics
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Non-selective beta-blockers (like Propranolol) can block beta-2
receptors in the lungs, leading to bronchoconstriction.
6. Which of the following is the antidote for Heparin overdose?
A. Vitamin K
B. Protamine sulfate
C. Naloxone
D. Glucagon
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Protamine sulfate is the specific antagonist for Heparin,
neutralizing its anticoagulant effects.
CARDIOVASCULAR AND ENDOCRINE
SYSTEMS
1. A patient is prescribed Lisinopril for hypertension. Which electrolyte imbalance should the
nurse monitor for most closely?
A. Hyponatremia
B. Hypocalcemia
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Hypomagnesemia
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: ACE inhibitors like Lisinopril block aldosterone secretion, which
leads to potassium retention, potentially causing hyperkalemia.
2. Which assessment finding is a hallmark sign of Digoxin toxicity?
A. Persistent dry cough
B. Visual disturbances, such as yellow-green halos
C. Increased urine output
D. Peripheral edema
,Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Visual changes (yellow-green halos) are classic signs of Digoxin
toxicity, along with nausea, vomiting, and bradycardia.
3. A nurse is preparing to administer Furosemide. Which lab value would be the priority to
check before administration?
A. Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)
B. Serum Sodium level
C. Serum Potassium level
D. Serum Calcium level
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes significant potassium
loss. Administering it to a hypokalemic patient increases the risk of cardiac arrhythmias.
4. What is the primary mechanism of action for Warfarin?
A. Directly inhibits thrombin
B. Prevents platelet aggregation
C. Accelerates the action of antithrombin III
D. Prevents the activation of clotting factors by inhibiting Vitamin K synthesis
Answer: D
, Conceptual Explanation: Warfarin interferes with the hepatic synthesis of Vitamin K-
dependent clotting factors (II, VII, IX, and X).
5. A patient with a history of asthma is diagnosed with hypertension. Which medication class
should be avoided?
A. Calcium Channel Blockers
B. Non-selective Beta-blockers
C. ACE Inhibitors
D. Thiazide Diuretics
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Non-selective beta-blockers (like Propranolol) can block beta-2
receptors in the lungs, leading to bronchoconstriction.
6. Which of the following is the antidote for Heparin overdose?
A. Vitamin K
B. Protamine sulfate
C. Naloxone
D. Glucagon
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Protamine sulfate is the specific antagonist for Heparin,
neutralizing its anticoagulant effects.
