NUR 2115: FUNDAMENTALS OF
PROFESSIONAL NURSING PRACTICE
EXAM
1. A nurse is conducting a physical assessment of a client. Which of the following findings
should the nurse document as objective data?
A. The client’s skin is cool and diaphoretic.
B. The client states, ‘I feel like my heart is racing.’
C. The client reports feeling nauseated after breakfast.
D. The client rates their pain as 7 on a scale of 0 to 10.
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Objective data is observable and measurable information
obtained through physical examination and laboratory/diagnostic tests. Cool, diaphoretic
skin is an objective finding. Symptoms like nausea, feelings, and pain ratings are subjective
data reported by the client.
,2. According to the American Nurses Association (ANA), which of the following is the best
definition of nursing?
A. The protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities.
B. The medical diagnosis and treatment of human disease.
C. The performance of physician-ordered tasks for patient recovery.
D. The administration of medications and surgical assistance.
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: The ANA defines nursing as the protection, promotion, and
optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, facilitation of healing,
and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, groups, communities, and populations.
3. A nurse is caring for a client who is post-operative. Which of the following is the priority
nursing action when implementing the nursing process?
A. Evaluate the effectiveness of pain medication.
B. Perform a focused physical assessment.
C. Establish goals for the client’s recovery.
D. Document the client’s intake and output.
Answer: B
, Conceptual Explanation: Assessment is the first step of the nursing process (ADPIE). The
nurse must collect data through assessment before a diagnosis can be made, a plan
developed, interventions implemented, or evaluations performed.
4. A nurse is teaching a student about the ethical principle of ‘nonmaleficence.’ Which of the
following examples should the nurse include?
A. Providing the client with all necessary information to make an informed decision.
B. Treating all clients fairly regardless of their socioeconomic status.
C. Performing a skin assessment to prevent the development of pressure injuries.
D. Advocating for a client who is unable to speak for themselves.
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Nonmaleficence means to ‘do no harm.’ By performing
assessments to prevent complications like pressure injuries, the nurse is acting to protect
the client from harm.
5. A client is admitted with a suspected case of active pulmonary tuberculosis. Which type of
transmission-based precautions should the nurse initiate?
A. Airborne precautions
B. Droplet precautions
C. Contact precautions
D. Protective environment
PROFESSIONAL NURSING PRACTICE
EXAM
1. A nurse is conducting a physical assessment of a client. Which of the following findings
should the nurse document as objective data?
A. The client’s skin is cool and diaphoretic.
B. The client states, ‘I feel like my heart is racing.’
C. The client reports feeling nauseated after breakfast.
D. The client rates their pain as 7 on a scale of 0 to 10.
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Objective data is observable and measurable information
obtained through physical examination and laboratory/diagnostic tests. Cool, diaphoretic
skin is an objective finding. Symptoms like nausea, feelings, and pain ratings are subjective
data reported by the client.
,2. According to the American Nurses Association (ANA), which of the following is the best
definition of nursing?
A. The protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities.
B. The medical diagnosis and treatment of human disease.
C. The performance of physician-ordered tasks for patient recovery.
D. The administration of medications and surgical assistance.
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: The ANA defines nursing as the protection, promotion, and
optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, facilitation of healing,
and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, groups, communities, and populations.
3. A nurse is caring for a client who is post-operative. Which of the following is the priority
nursing action when implementing the nursing process?
A. Evaluate the effectiveness of pain medication.
B. Perform a focused physical assessment.
C. Establish goals for the client’s recovery.
D. Document the client’s intake and output.
Answer: B
, Conceptual Explanation: Assessment is the first step of the nursing process (ADPIE). The
nurse must collect data through assessment before a diagnosis can be made, a plan
developed, interventions implemented, or evaluations performed.
4. A nurse is teaching a student about the ethical principle of ‘nonmaleficence.’ Which of the
following examples should the nurse include?
A. Providing the client with all necessary information to make an informed decision.
B. Treating all clients fairly regardless of their socioeconomic status.
C. Performing a skin assessment to prevent the development of pressure injuries.
D. Advocating for a client who is unable to speak for themselves.
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Nonmaleficence means to ‘do no harm.’ By performing
assessments to prevent complications like pressure injuries, the nurse is acting to protect
the client from harm.
5. A client is admitted with a suspected case of active pulmonary tuberculosis. Which type of
transmission-based precautions should the nurse initiate?
A. Airborne precautions
B. Droplet precautions
C. Contact precautions
D. Protective environment
