NUR-641E Advanced Pathophysiology and Pharmacology for the
Nurse Educator Actual Questions and Correct Answers
Q1
Pharmacokinetics
Answer: Involves ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination).Absorption:
absorption from the
administration site either directly or indirectly into the blood/plasma.Distribution: reversibly or
irreversibly move from the bloodstream into the interstitial andintracellular fluid.Metabolism
bio-transformed via hepatic metabolism or by other tissues.Elimination: lastly, the drug & its
metabolites are eliminated from the body
Q2
The route of administration with the highest bio-availability is
Answer: Intravenous; putting entire dose into a patient's vein and bypassing absorption.
Intravenous route
avoids first-pass metabolism in the liver
Q3
rectal administration disadvantages
Answer: variable and erratic absorption
Q4
Steady state (SS)
Answer: is usually reached within 4-5 half-lives of a drug
Q5
Half-life of a drug
Answer: Determines how frequently the drug must be administeredPredicts how long toxic effects
can last
Half-life is constant with first-orderpharmacokinetics of a drugZero-order (nonlinear)
pharmacokinetics
means a drug is metabolized at a constant rate per unit time
Q6
CYP3A4 substrate drugs
Answer: May have enhanced activity if any CYP3A4 inducer drugs are used along with it
, Q7
Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs)
Answer: Two basic type of ADRs: pharmacological and
Q8
Nitroglycerin
Answer: nitrate drug used in the treatment of angina; a nitrate drug that can be administered IV,
SL, a topical
ointment and as a transdermal patch
Q9
PDE-5 inhibitors
Answer: Pulmonary hypertension therapy-Include sildenafil. Inhibit cGMP PDE5 and prolong
vasodilatory effect
of nitric oxide
Q10
cGMP phosphodiesterase
Answer: an enzyme in cells that converts cGMP into GMP
Q11
Amiodarone
Answer: is the antiarrhythmic of choice when there is coexisting heart failure; can cause thyroid
and pulmonary
toxicity
Q12
Alpha-1 adrenergic stimulation
Answer: results in vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure
Q13
Alpha-1 adrenergic blockade
Answer: results in vasodilation and reduced blood pressure
Nurse Educator Actual Questions and Correct Answers
Q1
Pharmacokinetics
Answer: Involves ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination).Absorption:
absorption from the
administration site either directly or indirectly into the blood/plasma.Distribution: reversibly or
irreversibly move from the bloodstream into the interstitial andintracellular fluid.Metabolism
bio-transformed via hepatic metabolism or by other tissues.Elimination: lastly, the drug & its
metabolites are eliminated from the body
Q2
The route of administration with the highest bio-availability is
Answer: Intravenous; putting entire dose into a patient's vein and bypassing absorption.
Intravenous route
avoids first-pass metabolism in the liver
Q3
rectal administration disadvantages
Answer: variable and erratic absorption
Q4
Steady state (SS)
Answer: is usually reached within 4-5 half-lives of a drug
Q5
Half-life of a drug
Answer: Determines how frequently the drug must be administeredPredicts how long toxic effects
can last
Half-life is constant with first-orderpharmacokinetics of a drugZero-order (nonlinear)
pharmacokinetics
means a drug is metabolized at a constant rate per unit time
Q6
CYP3A4 substrate drugs
Answer: May have enhanced activity if any CYP3A4 inducer drugs are used along with it
, Q7
Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs)
Answer: Two basic type of ADRs: pharmacological and
Q8
Nitroglycerin
Answer: nitrate drug used in the treatment of angina; a nitrate drug that can be administered IV,
SL, a topical
ointment and as a transdermal patch
Q9
PDE-5 inhibitors
Answer: Pulmonary hypertension therapy-Include sildenafil. Inhibit cGMP PDE5 and prolong
vasodilatory effect
of nitric oxide
Q10
cGMP phosphodiesterase
Answer: an enzyme in cells that converts cGMP into GMP
Q11
Amiodarone
Answer: is the antiarrhythmic of choice when there is coexisting heart failure; can cause thyroid
and pulmonary
toxicity
Q12
Alpha-1 adrenergic stimulation
Answer: results in vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure
Q13
Alpha-1 adrenergic blockade
Answer: results in vasodilation and reduced blood pressure
