Med..Surg..Test..1..NRSG..312
1. What..is..the..expected..range..for..arterial..pH?:..7.35..-..7.45
2. What..is..the..expected..range..for..paCO2?:..35..-..45
3. What..is..the..expected..range..for..HCO3?:..21..-..26
4. If..a..pH..is..high..and..the..Co2..is..low:..respiratory..alkalosis
5. If..a..pH..is..low..and..CO2..is..high:..respiratory..acidosis
6. If..a..pH..is..low..and..HCO3..is..low:..metabolic..acidosis
7. If..a..pH..is..high..and..HCO3..is..high:..metabolic..alkalosis
8. A..patient..with..arterial..pH..of..7.31..and..CO3..of..20..would..be..experiencing::. . Meta-
bolic..Acidosis
9. A. . patient. . with. . arterial. . pH. . of. . 7.32. . and. . CO2. . of. . 47. . would. . be. . experiencing::. . Re
s-piratory..Acidosis
10. A..patient..with..arterial..pH..of..7.47..and..CO3..of..29..would..be..experiencing::..-
Metabolic..Alkalosis
11. A..patient..with..arterial..pH..of..7.48..and..CO2..of..32..would..be..experiencing::..-
Respiratory.. Alkalosis
12. Can. . acid-base. . imbalance. . cause. . arrythmias?:. . Yes
13. Hypoventilation,. . hypoxia,. . rapid,. . shallow. . respirations,. . hypotension,. . pal-
lor/cyanosis,. . headache,. . Dysrhythmias,. . drowsiness,. . hyporeflexia,. . and. . muscle.
. weakness..are..signs..and..symptoms..of::..Respiratory..Acidosis
14. ROME..stands..for::..Respiratory..Opposite,..Metabolic..Equal
15. Excessive..loss..of..hydrogen..ions..caused..by..hyperventilation,..high..altitudes..
and..early-stage..acute..pulmonary..problems,..from..anxiety..or..fear..are..all..pos-
sible..causes..of::..Respiratory..Alkalosis
16. You..should..sit..the..pt..up..and..treat..with..help..control..a..pt..breathing..is..they..ha
ve::..Respiratory..Alkalosis
17. Dizziness,..numbness..and/or..tingling..of..fingertips,..toes,..lips,..lightheaded-
ness,..confusion,..chest..discomfort,..tremors,..syncope,..and..fatigue..are..signs..an
d..symptoms..of::..Respiratory..Alkalosis
18. Underelimination..of..hydrogen..ions..caused..by..hypoventilation..by..anesthe-
sia,..opioids,..electrolyte..imbalance,..COPD,..and..asthma..are..all..possible..causes..of:
:..Respiratory..Acidosis
, Med..Surg..Test..1..NRSG..312
19. Oxygen..and..drug..therapy,..pulmonary..hygiene..(positioning..and..breathing..t
echniques),..and..ventilation..support..are..methods..to..treat::..Respiratory..Acidosis
20. Decrease..is..basic..components..caused..by..nasogastric..suctioning,..antacids,..
prolonged..vomiting,..high..doses..of..loop..and..thiazide..diuretics..are..all..possible..c
auses..of::..Metabolic..Alkalosis
21. Confusion,..Dysrhythmias,..tachycardia,..hypoventilation,..dizziness,..irritabili-
ty,..nausea,..vomiting,..diarrhea,..anxiety,..seizures,..tremors,..muscle..cramps,..and..ti
ngling..in..fingers/toes..are..signs..and..symptoms..of::..Metabolic..Alkalosis
22. Overproduction..of..hydrogen..ions/Underelimination..of..hydrogen. . ions/Ov
erelimination..of..hydrogen..ions..caused..by..diarrhea,..kidney..failure,..liver..failur
e,..dehydration,..starvation,..fever,..heavy..exercise,..and..intoxication..are..all..possi
ble..causes..of::..Metabolic..Acidosis
23. Warm..and..flushed..dry..skin,..Kussmaul..respirations,..cognitive..changes,..and..
cardiac..changes..are..signs..and..symptoms..of::..Metabolic..Acidosis
24. Rehydration,..anti-diarrheal,..and..insulin..(for..DKA)..are..methods..to..treat::..-
Metabolic..Acidosis
25. What. . type. . of. . precaution. . is. . important. . for. . patients. . with. . acid-
base. . imbal-ances..and..dehydration?:..Fall..Risk..Precautions
26. What. . can. . occur. . with. . patients. . with. . COPD. . during. . oxygen. . therapy?:. . O2..overlo
ad
27. What..organ..regulates..the..amount..of..hydrogen..and..bicarbonate..ions..that..a
re..retained..or..excreted..by..the..body?:..Kidneys
28. Breathing. . in. . and. . out. . of. . a. . bag. . while. . experiencing. . Respiratory. . Alkalosis. . wi
ll..help..the..body..to..retain::..CO2
29. If. . there. . is. . an. . acid-
base. . imbalance,. . and. . Arterial. . Blood. . Gas. . (ABG). . needs. . to..drawn..every::..4..hour
s
30. A. . low. . level. . of. . what. . electrolyte. . is. . indicative. . of. . acidosis?:. . Potassium
31. What. . is. . the. . expected. . range. . for. . sodium?:. . 136-145
32. What. . is. . the. . expected. . range. . for. . potassium?:. . 3.5-5.0
33. What..is..the..expected..range..for..calcium?:..9.0-10.5
34. What. . is. . the. . expected. . range. . for. . chloride?:. . 98-106
1. What..is..the..expected..range..for..arterial..pH?:..7.35..-..7.45
2. What..is..the..expected..range..for..paCO2?:..35..-..45
3. What..is..the..expected..range..for..HCO3?:..21..-..26
4. If..a..pH..is..high..and..the..Co2..is..low:..respiratory..alkalosis
5. If..a..pH..is..low..and..CO2..is..high:..respiratory..acidosis
6. If..a..pH..is..low..and..HCO3..is..low:..metabolic..acidosis
7. If..a..pH..is..high..and..HCO3..is..high:..metabolic..alkalosis
8. A..patient..with..arterial..pH..of..7.31..and..CO3..of..20..would..be..experiencing::. . Meta-
bolic..Acidosis
9. A. . patient. . with. . arterial. . pH. . of. . 7.32. . and. . CO2. . of. . 47. . would. . be. . experiencing::. . Re
s-piratory..Acidosis
10. A..patient..with..arterial..pH..of..7.47..and..CO3..of..29..would..be..experiencing::..-
Metabolic..Alkalosis
11. A..patient..with..arterial..pH..of..7.48..and..CO2..of..32..would..be..experiencing::..-
Respiratory.. Alkalosis
12. Can. . acid-base. . imbalance. . cause. . arrythmias?:. . Yes
13. Hypoventilation,. . hypoxia,. . rapid,. . shallow. . respirations,. . hypotension,. . pal-
lor/cyanosis,. . headache,. . Dysrhythmias,. . drowsiness,. . hyporeflexia,. . and. . muscle.
. weakness..are..signs..and..symptoms..of::..Respiratory..Acidosis
14. ROME..stands..for::..Respiratory..Opposite,..Metabolic..Equal
15. Excessive..loss..of..hydrogen..ions..caused..by..hyperventilation,..high..altitudes..
and..early-stage..acute..pulmonary..problems,..from..anxiety..or..fear..are..all..pos-
sible..causes..of::..Respiratory..Alkalosis
16. You..should..sit..the..pt..up..and..treat..with..help..control..a..pt..breathing..is..they..ha
ve::..Respiratory..Alkalosis
17. Dizziness,..numbness..and/or..tingling..of..fingertips,..toes,..lips,..lightheaded-
ness,..confusion,..chest..discomfort,..tremors,..syncope,..and..fatigue..are..signs..an
d..symptoms..of::..Respiratory..Alkalosis
18. Underelimination..of..hydrogen..ions..caused..by..hypoventilation..by..anesthe-
sia,..opioids,..electrolyte..imbalance,..COPD,..and..asthma..are..all..possible..causes..of:
:..Respiratory..Acidosis
, Med..Surg..Test..1..NRSG..312
19. Oxygen..and..drug..therapy,..pulmonary..hygiene..(positioning..and..breathing..t
echniques),..and..ventilation..support..are..methods..to..treat::..Respiratory..Acidosis
20. Decrease..is..basic..components..caused..by..nasogastric..suctioning,..antacids,..
prolonged..vomiting,..high..doses..of..loop..and..thiazide..diuretics..are..all..possible..c
auses..of::..Metabolic..Alkalosis
21. Confusion,..Dysrhythmias,..tachycardia,..hypoventilation,..dizziness,..irritabili-
ty,..nausea,..vomiting,..diarrhea,..anxiety,..seizures,..tremors,..muscle..cramps,..and..ti
ngling..in..fingers/toes..are..signs..and..symptoms..of::..Metabolic..Alkalosis
22. Overproduction..of..hydrogen..ions/Underelimination..of..hydrogen. . ions/Ov
erelimination..of..hydrogen..ions..caused..by..diarrhea,..kidney..failure,..liver..failur
e,..dehydration,..starvation,..fever,..heavy..exercise,..and..intoxication..are..all..possi
ble..causes..of::..Metabolic..Acidosis
23. Warm..and..flushed..dry..skin,..Kussmaul..respirations,..cognitive..changes,..and..
cardiac..changes..are..signs..and..symptoms..of::..Metabolic..Acidosis
24. Rehydration,..anti-diarrheal,..and..insulin..(for..DKA)..are..methods..to..treat::..-
Metabolic..Acidosis
25. What. . type. . of. . precaution. . is. . important. . for. . patients. . with. . acid-
base. . imbal-ances..and..dehydration?:..Fall..Risk..Precautions
26. What. . can. . occur. . with. . patients. . with. . COPD. . during. . oxygen. . therapy?:. . O2..overlo
ad
27. What..organ..regulates..the..amount..of..hydrogen..and..bicarbonate..ions..that..a
re..retained..or..excreted..by..the..body?:..Kidneys
28. Breathing. . in. . and. . out. . of. . a. . bag. . while. . experiencing. . Respiratory. . Alkalosis. . wi
ll..help..the..body..to..retain::..CO2
29. If. . there. . is. . an. . acid-
base. . imbalance,. . and. . Arterial. . Blood. . Gas. . (ABG). . needs. . to..drawn..every::..4..hour
s
30. A. . low. . level. . of. . what. . electrolyte. . is. . indicative. . of. . acidosis?:. . Potassium
31. What. . is. . the. . expected. . range. . for. . sodium?:. . 136-145
32. What. . is. . the. . expected. . range. . for. . potassium?:. . 3.5-5.0
33. What..is..the..expected..range..for..calcium?:..9.0-10.5
34. What. . is. . the. . expected. . range. . for. . chloride?:. . 98-106
