INTRO TO ASL INTERPRETING UPDATED ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. Models of Interpreting
Answer:
Colonomos Model Gish Model Dennis Cokely's Sociolinguistic Model
Question:
2. Colonomos Model The Interpreting Process Model AKA: Colonomos Model By Dr. Betty Colonomos
(revised: 1992,
1997)
,Answer:
1. Source Language: the "original" text, or incoming message
a. What is really being conveyed?
b. Focus on the "meat" of the message
c. Words used and meanings conveyed may be different
2. Receptive Channels: the physical channel in which the information is received
a. Signs received visually
b. Spoken words received auditorially or in text form
3. Analysis Factor: tools necessary in translating one language to another (THE MOST IMPORTANT!)
a. Active short-term memory: temporary storage of the incoming message
b. Passive long-term memory: the part of the brain that stores lifelong experiences and previously learned
information
c. This includes text analysis as well as auditory analysis
d. If you don't understand it, how can you interpret it?
4. Source Representation: the mental organization of the speaker's true meaning
a. Using all of the factors involved in analysis
5. MESSAGE: the result of analyzing the above information
a. Source language is discarded
b. Meaning (or intent) is held
6. Target Representation: the mental organization/rearrangement of the source message to be produced in
the new (target) language
a. Employing your short and long term memory skills
b. An interpreter never discards the intent of the speaker!
7. Composition Factors: utilizing the necessary tools to produce the mental rehearsal of what will be
expressed in the target message
a. Source message and target message should be equivalent to each other
b. Use tools listed on chart
8. Expressive Channels: the physical channel in which the information is expressed
a. Message expressed through signs
b. Message expressed through voice
c. Message expressed in writing
9. Target Language: this message should be equivalent in meaning to the source language
a. The intent is expressed here
10. Monitor: the internal monitoring system within the interpreter
a. Mentally checking for accuracy
b. Making adjustments where appropriate
11. Feedback: the external monitoring system based on audience feedback
a. Is the audience understanding you?
b. How do you know?
Question:
3. FIVE AREAS OF A MESSAGE TO BE ANALYZED (Colonomos Model)?
, Answer:
CONTENT: what is the speaker really saying?
CONTEXT: who is present? What is the speaker's objective/goal/purpose? To entertain To educate To
inform To persuade To amuse To stimulate... What is the physical location? Is it formal or informal? What
are the group dynamics? (b/w interpreter/audience; interpreter/speaker)
Gender differences Age Power issues Physiological conditions Attitudes Opposing views from that of the
speaker
AFFECT: what is the speaker's projected affect? Are feelings portrayed openly or implied? Voice or sign
intonation? Purpose behind affect?
STYLE: individual speaker's style of presentation Personality type portrayed
REGISTER: how the speaker interacts between participants involved There are five registers: Frozen
Formal Consultative Informal Intimate
Question:
4. INFORMATION PROCESSING MODEL (1990s) AKA: Gish Model
Answer:
views interpreting as PREDICTING and PROCESSING the MEANING of a MESSAGE through
analyzing the source message, production of the target language, and knowing the factors that influence the
interpreted decisions
emphasizes critical thinking skills and taking responsibility on the part of the interpreter
focuses on the TASK of interpreting, not the interpreter; guided self-assessment rather than
teacher-directed feedback
breaks down the interpreting task to a minimalist level, then builds from there
An Approach to Information Processing: Goal, Theme, Objective, Sub-Objective, Unit, Detail (practical
model)
Question:
5. The Gish Approach to Information Processing
Answer:
Goal, Theme, Objective, Sub-Objective, Unit, Detail
Question:
6. Evolution of interpreting (Models)
Answer:
-Helper Model (Pre and Early RID)
-Conduit Model (1967- Machine model: 1970's)
-Communication Facilitator Model (1974; 1980's)
-Bilingual/Bicultural Model (1982;1990's)
Question:
7. Dennis Cokley's Sociolinguistic Model
Answer:
(see model pg.)
Question:
8. HELPER MODEL: (Pre and Early RID)
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. Models of Interpreting
Answer:
Colonomos Model Gish Model Dennis Cokely's Sociolinguistic Model
Question:
2. Colonomos Model The Interpreting Process Model AKA: Colonomos Model By Dr. Betty Colonomos
(revised: 1992,
1997)
,Answer:
1. Source Language: the "original" text, or incoming message
a. What is really being conveyed?
b. Focus on the "meat" of the message
c. Words used and meanings conveyed may be different
2. Receptive Channels: the physical channel in which the information is received
a. Signs received visually
b. Spoken words received auditorially or in text form
3. Analysis Factor: tools necessary in translating one language to another (THE MOST IMPORTANT!)
a. Active short-term memory: temporary storage of the incoming message
b. Passive long-term memory: the part of the brain that stores lifelong experiences and previously learned
information
c. This includes text analysis as well as auditory analysis
d. If you don't understand it, how can you interpret it?
4. Source Representation: the mental organization of the speaker's true meaning
a. Using all of the factors involved in analysis
5. MESSAGE: the result of analyzing the above information
a. Source language is discarded
b. Meaning (or intent) is held
6. Target Representation: the mental organization/rearrangement of the source message to be produced in
the new (target) language
a. Employing your short and long term memory skills
b. An interpreter never discards the intent of the speaker!
7. Composition Factors: utilizing the necessary tools to produce the mental rehearsal of what will be
expressed in the target message
a. Source message and target message should be equivalent to each other
b. Use tools listed on chart
8. Expressive Channels: the physical channel in which the information is expressed
a. Message expressed through signs
b. Message expressed through voice
c. Message expressed in writing
9. Target Language: this message should be equivalent in meaning to the source language
a. The intent is expressed here
10. Monitor: the internal monitoring system within the interpreter
a. Mentally checking for accuracy
b. Making adjustments where appropriate
11. Feedback: the external monitoring system based on audience feedback
a. Is the audience understanding you?
b. How do you know?
Question:
3. FIVE AREAS OF A MESSAGE TO BE ANALYZED (Colonomos Model)?
, Answer:
CONTENT: what is the speaker really saying?
CONTEXT: who is present? What is the speaker's objective/goal/purpose? To entertain To educate To
inform To persuade To amuse To stimulate... What is the physical location? Is it formal or informal? What
are the group dynamics? (b/w interpreter/audience; interpreter/speaker)
Gender differences Age Power issues Physiological conditions Attitudes Opposing views from that of the
speaker
AFFECT: what is the speaker's projected affect? Are feelings portrayed openly or implied? Voice or sign
intonation? Purpose behind affect?
STYLE: individual speaker's style of presentation Personality type portrayed
REGISTER: how the speaker interacts between participants involved There are five registers: Frozen
Formal Consultative Informal Intimate
Question:
4. INFORMATION PROCESSING MODEL (1990s) AKA: Gish Model
Answer:
views interpreting as PREDICTING and PROCESSING the MEANING of a MESSAGE through
analyzing the source message, production of the target language, and knowing the factors that influence the
interpreted decisions
emphasizes critical thinking skills and taking responsibility on the part of the interpreter
focuses on the TASK of interpreting, not the interpreter; guided self-assessment rather than
teacher-directed feedback
breaks down the interpreting task to a minimalist level, then builds from there
An Approach to Information Processing: Goal, Theme, Objective, Sub-Objective, Unit, Detail (practical
model)
Question:
5. The Gish Approach to Information Processing
Answer:
Goal, Theme, Objective, Sub-Objective, Unit, Detail
Question:
6. Evolution of interpreting (Models)
Answer:
-Helper Model (Pre and Early RID)
-Conduit Model (1967- Machine model: 1970's)
-Communication Facilitator Model (1974; 1980's)
-Bilingual/Bicultural Model (1982;1990's)
Question:
7. Dennis Cokley's Sociolinguistic Model
Answer:
(see model pg.)
Question:
8. HELPER MODEL: (Pre and Early RID)
