GNED 1101 Final Exam Study Guide-Questions,
Answers| Newest Update 2026/2027
Deductive or inductive reasoning? The chair in the living room is red. The chair in the
dining room is red. The chair in the bedroom is red. All the chairs in the house are red.
Inductive reasoning is the process of reasoning that a general principle is true (all chairs in the
house are red) because the all of the special cases you've seen, so far, are true (the chairs in the
living room/dining room/bedroom).
Deductive or inductive reasoning? All numbers ending in 0 or 5 are divisible by 5. The
number 35 ends with a 5, so it must be divisible by 5.
Deductive reasoning refers to the process of concluding that something must be true because it
isa special case of a general principle that is taken to be true. The general principle in this
example isthat all numbers ending in 0 or 5 are divisible by 5. 35 is a special case to which the
rule is applied.
Deductive or inductive reasoning? Your cat purrs. Your neighbour's cat purrs. Your
friend's cat purrs. Therefore, all cats must purr.
Inductive reasoning. Every specific cat that you encounter purrs. You conclude from these
specific cases that a general rule is "all cats must purr."
Deductive or inductive reasoning? Henry pulls a coin from a bag and finds it is a quarter.
He keeps pulling the coins out of the bag andevery single time he pulls a quarter. He
concludes that all the coins in the bag are quarters.
,Inductive reasoning. Every coin out of the bag is a specific observation, from which you make a
general conclusion about all the coins in the bag.
Deductive or inductive reasoning? Elephants have cells in their bodies. All cells have DNA.
Therefore, elephants have DNA.
Deductive reasoning. We are given two general rules: elephants have cells in their bodies and all
cells have DNA.The specific case that "elephants have DNA" is concluded from the general
rules.
Deductive or inductive reasoning? Prime numbers have only one and themselves as factors.
2887 is a prime number. Therefore, only 1and 2887 are factors of 2887.
Deductive reasoning. The general principle in this example is "Prime numbers have only one and
themselves as factors." From this general principle, we can conclude that2887 that is a special
case (prime number) has only one and 2887 as factors.
What is falsifiability?
Falsifiability is the ability to prove something false.
What type of reasoning is predominantly used in scientific experimentation?
Inductive reasoning is used when scientists look at their data & observations (specific cases) and
find patterns or form hypotheses/explanations (general rule) based on them.
Hypothesis
- An unproven statement that can be tested
- NOT A QUESTION
, - An educated guess about the reason an observed phenomenon occurred
- Leads to experimentation/observations and the collection of data on that phenomenon
Theory
- A well substantiated explanation of natural phenomena, which is continuously validated
through observation + experimentation
- It uses a wider range of data and usually describes complex behaviour
Law
- A theory that has stood the test of time and has never been shown to be false despite a large
amount of data testing it
Independent variable
- The factor/condition that is manipulated by researchers to control the experiment
- On graphs = x-axis
Dependent variable
- The outcome/result that is measured by researchers to see the response to the changes in the
independent variable
- On graphs = y-axis
Experimental group
Group that receives the experimental treatment or intervention being studied
Control group
Answers| Newest Update 2026/2027
Deductive or inductive reasoning? The chair in the living room is red. The chair in the
dining room is red. The chair in the bedroom is red. All the chairs in the house are red.
Inductive reasoning is the process of reasoning that a general principle is true (all chairs in the
house are red) because the all of the special cases you've seen, so far, are true (the chairs in the
living room/dining room/bedroom).
Deductive or inductive reasoning? All numbers ending in 0 or 5 are divisible by 5. The
number 35 ends with a 5, so it must be divisible by 5.
Deductive reasoning refers to the process of concluding that something must be true because it
isa special case of a general principle that is taken to be true. The general principle in this
example isthat all numbers ending in 0 or 5 are divisible by 5. 35 is a special case to which the
rule is applied.
Deductive or inductive reasoning? Your cat purrs. Your neighbour's cat purrs. Your
friend's cat purrs. Therefore, all cats must purr.
Inductive reasoning. Every specific cat that you encounter purrs. You conclude from these
specific cases that a general rule is "all cats must purr."
Deductive or inductive reasoning? Henry pulls a coin from a bag and finds it is a quarter.
He keeps pulling the coins out of the bag andevery single time he pulls a quarter. He
concludes that all the coins in the bag are quarters.
,Inductive reasoning. Every coin out of the bag is a specific observation, from which you make a
general conclusion about all the coins in the bag.
Deductive or inductive reasoning? Elephants have cells in their bodies. All cells have DNA.
Therefore, elephants have DNA.
Deductive reasoning. We are given two general rules: elephants have cells in their bodies and all
cells have DNA.The specific case that "elephants have DNA" is concluded from the general
rules.
Deductive or inductive reasoning? Prime numbers have only one and themselves as factors.
2887 is a prime number. Therefore, only 1and 2887 are factors of 2887.
Deductive reasoning. The general principle in this example is "Prime numbers have only one and
themselves as factors." From this general principle, we can conclude that2887 that is a special
case (prime number) has only one and 2887 as factors.
What is falsifiability?
Falsifiability is the ability to prove something false.
What type of reasoning is predominantly used in scientific experimentation?
Inductive reasoning is used when scientists look at their data & observations (specific cases) and
find patterns or form hypotheses/explanations (general rule) based on them.
Hypothesis
- An unproven statement that can be tested
- NOT A QUESTION
, - An educated guess about the reason an observed phenomenon occurred
- Leads to experimentation/observations and the collection of data on that phenomenon
Theory
- A well substantiated explanation of natural phenomena, which is continuously validated
through observation + experimentation
- It uses a wider range of data and usually describes complex behaviour
Law
- A theory that has stood the test of time and has never been shown to be false despite a large
amount of data testing it
Independent variable
- The factor/condition that is manipulated by researchers to control the experiment
- On graphs = x-axis
Dependent variable
- The outcome/result that is measured by researchers to see the response to the changes in the
independent variable
- On graphs = y-axis
Experimental group
Group that receives the experimental treatment or intervention being studied
Control group
