GNED 1101 Practice Questions, Answers| Newest
Update 2026/2027
NEGATION STATEMENTS
all A are B = some A are not B
some A are B = no A are B
direct reasoning
p->q
p
therefore q
VALID
fallacy of the converse
p->q
q
therefore p
INVALID
conditional equivalent
conditional = contrapositive
p -> q = -q -> -p
converse equivalent
converse = inverse
q -> p = -p -> -q
,fallacy of the inverse
p -> q
-p
therefore -q
INVALID
contrapositive
p -> q
-q
therefore -p
VALID
fallacy of inappropriate authority
use of unqualified source to prove claim
fallacy of emotion
appeal to emotion
slippery slope fallacy
minor action leading to major situation
fallacy of hasty generalization
inductive generalization made based on a few samples
fallacy of begging the question
assumes conclusion is true within the premises
, the either/or fallacy
only presents 2 solutions to a problem
mischaracterization fallacy - ad hominem (against the man)
attacking person rather than the ideas of their argument
fallacy of ambiguity
to confuse, deceive or mislead using double meaning
fallacy of questionable cause
consists of claiming that A caused B when it is known that A occurred before B
fallacy of ignorance
assuming a fact based on lack of evidence
fallacy of composition
something is completely true when only some is true
fallacy of complex questions
self incriminating question
inductive reasoning
specific to general. assumes
deductive reasoning
general to specific. general rule
Update 2026/2027
NEGATION STATEMENTS
all A are B = some A are not B
some A are B = no A are B
direct reasoning
p->q
p
therefore q
VALID
fallacy of the converse
p->q
q
therefore p
INVALID
conditional equivalent
conditional = contrapositive
p -> q = -q -> -p
converse equivalent
converse = inverse
q -> p = -p -> -q
,fallacy of the inverse
p -> q
-p
therefore -q
INVALID
contrapositive
p -> q
-q
therefore -p
VALID
fallacy of inappropriate authority
use of unqualified source to prove claim
fallacy of emotion
appeal to emotion
slippery slope fallacy
minor action leading to major situation
fallacy of hasty generalization
inductive generalization made based on a few samples
fallacy of begging the question
assumes conclusion is true within the premises
, the either/or fallacy
only presents 2 solutions to a problem
mischaracterization fallacy - ad hominem (against the man)
attacking person rather than the ideas of their argument
fallacy of ambiguity
to confuse, deceive or mislead using double meaning
fallacy of questionable cause
consists of claiming that A caused B when it is known that A occurred before B
fallacy of ignorance
assuming a fact based on lack of evidence
fallacy of composition
something is completely true when only some is true
fallacy of complex questions
self incriminating question
inductive reasoning
specific to general. assumes
deductive reasoning
general to specific. general rule
