NEUROLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS EXAM 2 UPDATED ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. What roots form the brachial plexus?
Answer:
C5-T1
Question:
2. What does the dorsal scapular nerve innervate?
Answer:
Rhomboids and Levator scapulae
Question:
3. What does the long thoracic nerve innervate?
Answer:
Serratus anterior
Question:
4. What are the Upper trunk nerve roots of the brachial plexus?
Answer:
C5 and C6
Question:
5. What is the Middle Trunk nerve roots of the brachial plexus?
Answer:
C7
Question:
6. What are the Lower Trunk nerve roots of the brachial plexus?
Answer:
C8 and T1
Question:
7. A 27 year old bouncer walks into your office with his left hand hanging slightly behind his back and
with his wrist stuck in flexion. He states that his arm and hand has been stuck in this position ever since he
got into a fight while kicking someone out of a bar and got shoved to the ground landing on his neck. He
said that it's interfering with his job because people keep mistakenly bribing him in order to get into the
night club where he works at because it looks like he's holding his hand out for money.
What is the likely diagnosis?
Answer:
Erb's Palsy
,Question:
8. A 27 year old bouncer walks into your office with his left hand hanging slightly behind his back and
with his wrist stuck in flexion. He states that his arm and hand has been stuck in this position ever since he
got into a fight while kicking someone out of a bar and got shoved to the ground landing on his neck. He
said that it's interfering with his job because people keep mistakenly bribing him in order to get into the
night club where he works at because it looks like he's holding his hand out for money.
What nerve roots are likely involved with this patient's injury?
Answer:
C5 and C6
Question:
9. A 27 year old bouncer walks into your office with his left hand hanging slightly behind his back and
with his wrist stuck in flexion. He states that his arm and hand has been stuck in this position ever since he
got into a fight while kicking someone out of a bar and got shoved to the ground landing on his neck. He
said that it's interfering with his job because people keep mistakenly bribing him in order to get into the
night club where he works at because it looks like he's holding his hand out for money.
What is the name of the position this patient is stuck in?
Answer:
Waiter's tip Elbow extension + Wrist flexion = Waiter's tip
Question:
10. A 27 year old bouncer walks into your office with his left hand hanging slightly behind his back and
with his wrist stuck in flexion. He states that his arm and hand has been stuck in this position ever since he
got into a fight while kicking someone out of a bar and got shoved to the ground landing on his neck. He
said that it's interfering with his job because people keep mistakenly bribing him in order to get into the
night club where he works at because it looks like he's holding his hand out for money.
What is the cause of this patient's injury?
Answer:
Extreme lateral flexion of his neck caused stretching of the upper trunk of the brachial plexus
Question:
11. A patient walks into your office complaining of decreased sensation in his right middle finger for the
last 3 months. Additionally he states that his left arm has suddenly become moderately stronger than his
left arm for around the same time period.
What is the likely diagnosis?
Answer:
Middle trunk injury
Question:
12. A patient walks into your office complaining of decreased sensation in his right middle finger for the
last 3 months. Additionally he states that his left arm has suddenly become stronger than his left arm for
around the same time period.
What nerve root is affected?
Answer:
Middle trunk injury
, Question:
13. A long time patient calls you on your Saturday off and says that she can no longer move her arm. She
says that she was climbing a tree trying to get her cat when she lost her balance and had to catch herself by
holding onto a limb.
What is the diagnosis?
Answer:
Klumpke's Paralysis
Question:
14. What nerve roots are involved in Klumpke's Paralysis?
Answer:
C8 and T1
Question:
15. What is the mechanism of injury in Klumpke's paralysis?
Answer:
Hyperabduction of the shoulder
Question:
16. What are the signs of Klumpke's paralysis?
Answer:
Sensory loss of medial 1.5 fingers and hypothenar eminence
CLAW HAND
Question:
17. A patient is complaining of paresthesia, numbness and tingling in the hand and states that their arms
feel abnormally heavy.
What is the likely diagnosis?
Answer:
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS)
Question:
18. What causes Thoracic Outlet Syndrome?
Answer:
Compression of the Brachial plexus and/or Axillary Artery
Question:
19. What orthopedic test is used to confirm a Thoracic Outlet Syndrome suspicion?
Answer:
Roo's Test
Question:
20. A 37 year old mechanic presents with difficulty holding his hands over his head and states that it's
really affected his work and even affects his daily routine as he has difficulty combing his hair. Upon
inspection the patient's hands are not swollen yet he states that they are numb and tingle when he looks up
or rotates his head.
What is the likely diagnosis?
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. What roots form the brachial plexus?
Answer:
C5-T1
Question:
2. What does the dorsal scapular nerve innervate?
Answer:
Rhomboids and Levator scapulae
Question:
3. What does the long thoracic nerve innervate?
Answer:
Serratus anterior
Question:
4. What are the Upper trunk nerve roots of the brachial plexus?
Answer:
C5 and C6
Question:
5. What is the Middle Trunk nerve roots of the brachial plexus?
Answer:
C7
Question:
6. What are the Lower Trunk nerve roots of the brachial plexus?
Answer:
C8 and T1
Question:
7. A 27 year old bouncer walks into your office with his left hand hanging slightly behind his back and
with his wrist stuck in flexion. He states that his arm and hand has been stuck in this position ever since he
got into a fight while kicking someone out of a bar and got shoved to the ground landing on his neck. He
said that it's interfering with his job because people keep mistakenly bribing him in order to get into the
night club where he works at because it looks like he's holding his hand out for money.
What is the likely diagnosis?
Answer:
Erb's Palsy
,Question:
8. A 27 year old bouncer walks into your office with his left hand hanging slightly behind his back and
with his wrist stuck in flexion. He states that his arm and hand has been stuck in this position ever since he
got into a fight while kicking someone out of a bar and got shoved to the ground landing on his neck. He
said that it's interfering with his job because people keep mistakenly bribing him in order to get into the
night club where he works at because it looks like he's holding his hand out for money.
What nerve roots are likely involved with this patient's injury?
Answer:
C5 and C6
Question:
9. A 27 year old bouncer walks into your office with his left hand hanging slightly behind his back and
with his wrist stuck in flexion. He states that his arm and hand has been stuck in this position ever since he
got into a fight while kicking someone out of a bar and got shoved to the ground landing on his neck. He
said that it's interfering with his job because people keep mistakenly bribing him in order to get into the
night club where he works at because it looks like he's holding his hand out for money.
What is the name of the position this patient is stuck in?
Answer:
Waiter's tip Elbow extension + Wrist flexion = Waiter's tip
Question:
10. A 27 year old bouncer walks into your office with his left hand hanging slightly behind his back and
with his wrist stuck in flexion. He states that his arm and hand has been stuck in this position ever since he
got into a fight while kicking someone out of a bar and got shoved to the ground landing on his neck. He
said that it's interfering with his job because people keep mistakenly bribing him in order to get into the
night club where he works at because it looks like he's holding his hand out for money.
What is the cause of this patient's injury?
Answer:
Extreme lateral flexion of his neck caused stretching of the upper trunk of the brachial plexus
Question:
11. A patient walks into your office complaining of decreased sensation in his right middle finger for the
last 3 months. Additionally he states that his left arm has suddenly become moderately stronger than his
left arm for around the same time period.
What is the likely diagnosis?
Answer:
Middle trunk injury
Question:
12. A patient walks into your office complaining of decreased sensation in his right middle finger for the
last 3 months. Additionally he states that his left arm has suddenly become stronger than his left arm for
around the same time period.
What nerve root is affected?
Answer:
Middle trunk injury
, Question:
13. A long time patient calls you on your Saturday off and says that she can no longer move her arm. She
says that she was climbing a tree trying to get her cat when she lost her balance and had to catch herself by
holding onto a limb.
What is the diagnosis?
Answer:
Klumpke's Paralysis
Question:
14. What nerve roots are involved in Klumpke's Paralysis?
Answer:
C8 and T1
Question:
15. What is the mechanism of injury in Klumpke's paralysis?
Answer:
Hyperabduction of the shoulder
Question:
16. What are the signs of Klumpke's paralysis?
Answer:
Sensory loss of medial 1.5 fingers and hypothenar eminence
CLAW HAND
Question:
17. A patient is complaining of paresthesia, numbness and tingling in the hand and states that their arms
feel abnormally heavy.
What is the likely diagnosis?
Answer:
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS)
Question:
18. What causes Thoracic Outlet Syndrome?
Answer:
Compression of the Brachial plexus and/or Axillary Artery
Question:
19. What orthopedic test is used to confirm a Thoracic Outlet Syndrome suspicion?
Answer:
Roo's Test
Question:
20. A 37 year old mechanic presents with difficulty holding his hands over his head and states that it's
really affected his work and even affects his daily routine as he has difficulty combing his hair. Upon
inspection the patient's hands are not swollen yet he states that they are numb and tingle when he looks up
or rotates his head.
What is the likely diagnosis?
