MICROBIOLOGY 205 EXAM 4 - NOEL MILTON UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

MICROBIOLOGY 205 EXAM 4 - NOEL MILTON UPDATED
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

Question:
1. Infection
Answer:
a microorganism is established and growing in a host

Question:
2. Disease
Answer:
actual damage or injury caused to host

Question:
3. Pathogens
Answer:
microbial parasites that cause disease or tissue damage

Question:
4. pathogenicity
Answer:
ability of a microorganism to cause disease

Question:
5. fomite
Answer:
Any inanimate object to which infectious material adheres and can be transmitted

Question:
6. Pathogens typically adhere to the ________ ________
Answer:
mucous membrane

Question:
7. Adhesions
Answer:
glycoproteins or lipoproteins found on the pathogen's surface

Question:
8. Adhesion are site _____
Answer:
specific

Question:
9. Capsules

,Answer:
thick sugar coating on outer part of certain bacterial cells

Question:
10. What advantage do capsules give?
Answer:
protects the cell from our immune system

Question:
11. An example of a bacteria that is encapsulated
Answer:
streptococcus pneumoniae

Question:
12. Other than adhesions, what do cells use for adherence?
Answer:
fimbriae, pili, flagella

Question:
13. Fimbriae and Pili
Answer:
short, hair-like structures that hold pathogenic cell to host cell

Question:
14. Most parts of the body have a ____ pH
Answer:
neutral

Question:
15. Our microbiome starts at _____
Answer:
birth

Question:
16. What is the biofilm of streptococcus in the mouth called?
Answer:
plaque

Question:
17. streptococcus sobrinus attaches to the _______
Answer:
saliva

Question:
18. streptococcus mutans attaches to the ______

, Answer:
tooth

Question:
19. Typically, bacterial infections are ________
Answer:
localized

Question:
20. bacteremia
Answer:
bacteria is present in the blood, but not colonized yet

Question:
21. septicemia
Answer:
bacteria is present in the blood, and are actively colonizing and reproducing

Question:
22. Virulence
Answer:
ability of a pathogen to cause disease

Question:
23. LD50
Answer:
the amount of bacteria that kills 50% of a population

Question:
24. The lower the LD50, __________
Answer:
the more lethal/deadly

Question:
25. virulence factors
Answer:
traits of a microbe that promote pathogenicity

Question:
26. Attenuation
Answer:
the decrease or loss of virulence

Question:
27. pathogens in a lab setting _______ their virulence over time