FLUID MECHANICS: FUNDAMENTALS
AND APPLICATIONS -
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM (CH 1-15)
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. A fluid is flowing through a pipe. If the shear stress is linearly proportional to the velocity
gradient, how is the fluid classified?
A. Newtonian fluid
B. Bingham plastic
C. Dilatant fluid
D. Pseudoplastic fluid
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: By definition, a Newtonian fluid is one in which the shear stress
is directly proportional to the rate of deformation (velocity gradient).
2. What does the ‘No-Slip Condition’ imply at a solid-fluid interface?
A. The fluid velocity relative to the wall is zero
B. The fluid velocity is maximum at the wall
,C. There is no friction between fluid and wall
D. The pressure at the wall is zero
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: The no-slip condition states that a fluid in direct contact with a
solid surface ‘sticks’ to it due to viscous effects, meaning its velocity matches the surface
velocity.
3. In fluid statics, the pressure at a point in a fluid at rest is the same in all directions. This
principle is known as:
A. Bernoulli’s Principle
B. Pascal’s Law
C. Archimedes’ Principle
D. Newton’s Second Law
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Pascal’s Law states that pressure applied to a confined fluid is
transmitted undiminished to every portion of the fluid and to the walls of the container.
4. The metacentric height (GM) is a measure of the stability of a floating body. For a body to
be in stable equilibrium, the metacentre (M) must be:
A. Above the center of gravity (G)
B. At the same point as the center of buoyancy (B)
, C. Below the center of gravity (G)
D. Below the center of buoyancy (B)
D. Below the center of buoyancy (B)
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: A floating body is stable if the metacentre M is above the center
of gravity G (GM > 0). If M is below G, the body is unstable.
5. Which derivative is used to represent the rate of change of a property for a specific fluid
particle in a flow field?
A. Partial derivative
B. Total derivative
C. Local derivative
D. Material (Substantial) derivative
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: The material derivative (D/Dt) follows a fluid particle and
includes both local (temporal) and convective (spatial) changes.
6. In the context of fluid kinematics, a ‘streakline’ is defined as:
A. The path taken by an individual particle over time
B. The locus of fluid particles that have passed through a specific point
AND APPLICATIONS -
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM (CH 1-15)
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. A fluid is flowing through a pipe. If the shear stress is linearly proportional to the velocity
gradient, how is the fluid classified?
A. Newtonian fluid
B. Bingham plastic
C. Dilatant fluid
D. Pseudoplastic fluid
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: By definition, a Newtonian fluid is one in which the shear stress
is directly proportional to the rate of deformation (velocity gradient).
2. What does the ‘No-Slip Condition’ imply at a solid-fluid interface?
A. The fluid velocity relative to the wall is zero
B. The fluid velocity is maximum at the wall
,C. There is no friction between fluid and wall
D. The pressure at the wall is zero
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: The no-slip condition states that a fluid in direct contact with a
solid surface ‘sticks’ to it due to viscous effects, meaning its velocity matches the surface
velocity.
3. In fluid statics, the pressure at a point in a fluid at rest is the same in all directions. This
principle is known as:
A. Bernoulli’s Principle
B. Pascal’s Law
C. Archimedes’ Principle
D. Newton’s Second Law
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Pascal’s Law states that pressure applied to a confined fluid is
transmitted undiminished to every portion of the fluid and to the walls of the container.
4. The metacentric height (GM) is a measure of the stability of a floating body. For a body to
be in stable equilibrium, the metacentre (M) must be:
A. Above the center of gravity (G)
B. At the same point as the center of buoyancy (B)
, C. Below the center of gravity (G)
D. Below the center of buoyancy (B)
D. Below the center of buoyancy (B)
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: A floating body is stable if the metacentre M is above the center
of gravity G (GM > 0). If M is below G, the body is unstable.
5. Which derivative is used to represent the rate of change of a property for a specific fluid
particle in a flow field?
A. Partial derivative
B. Total derivative
C. Local derivative
D. Material (Substantial) derivative
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: The material derivative (D/Dt) follows a fluid particle and
includes both local (temporal) and convective (spatial) changes.
6. In the context of fluid kinematics, a ‘streakline’ is defined as:
A. The path taken by an individual particle over time
B. The locus of fluid particles that have passed through a specific point
